Research Topics
Species | R P RobertsonSummaryAffiliation: University of Washington Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Transplanted intrahepatic islets: enigmatic absence of the alpha-cell response to hypoglycaemiaR P Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes Nutr Metab 15:433-7. 2002- Islet transplantation: travels up the learning curveR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Curr Diab Rep 2:365-70. 2002.... - Glucagon, catecholamine, and symptom responses to hypoglycemia in living donors of pancreas segmentsR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA
Diabetes 52:1689-94. 2003..We conclude that although glucagon response to arginine and insulin response to glucose and arginine are diminished after hemi-pancreatectomy, no deficiency in glucagon responses were detected during hypoglycemia... - Beta-cell glucose toxicity, lipotoxicity, and chronic oxidative stress in type 2 diabetesR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Diabetes 53:S119-24. 2004.... - Relationship between diabetes and obesity 9 to 18 years after hemipancreatectomy and transplantation in donors and recipientsR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Transplantation 73:736-41. 2002..e., the normal one of the donor and the unusual one of the ectopically transplanted recipient who is receiving immunosuppressant drugs that can diminish insulin secretion and cause insulin resistance... - Determinants of glucose toxicity and its reversibility in the pancreatic islet beta-cell line, HIT-T15C E Gleason
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 279:E997-1002. 2000.... - Prevention of diabetes for up to 13 years by autoislet transplantation after pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitisR P Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA
Diabetes 50:47-50. 2001..This usually overlooked procedure of intrahepatic islet transplantation designed to prevent diabetes in patients undergoing pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis should be considered more often... - Antecedent hyperglycemia, not hyperlipidemia, is associated with increased islet triacylglycerol content and decreased insulin gene mRNA level in Zucker diabetic fatty ratsJ S Harmon
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Diabetes 50:2481-6. 2001..We conclude that antecedent elevated plasma glucose levels, not plasma lipid levels, are associated with elevated islet TAG content and decreased insulin mRNA levels in ZDF animals... - Normoglycemia and preserved insulin secretory reserve in diabetic patients 10-18 years after pancreas transplantationR P Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA
Diabetes 48:1737-40. 1999..Thus, concern about long-term deterioration, as distinct from rejection, should not be a major obstacle when deciding whether to recommend pancreas transplantation... - Restored hypoglycemic counterregulation is stable in successful pancreas transplant recipients for up to 19 years after transplantationB W Paty
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Transplantation 72:1103-7. 2001..CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the restoration of hypoglycemic counterregulation by pancreas transplantation remains stable in successful pancreas transplant recipients for up to 19 years after transplantation... - In vivo prevention of hyperglycemia also prevents glucotoxic effects on PDX-1 and insulin gene expressionJ S Harmon
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA
Diabetes 48:1995-2000. 1999..These findings provide the first in vivo evidence that prevention of progressive hyperglycemia in a model of type 2 diabetes preserves insulin and PDX-1 gene expression... - Inhibitory effects of immunosuppressive drugs on insulin secretion from HIT-T15 cells and Wistar rat isletsB W Paty
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Transplantation 73:353-7. 2002..These findings support the use of low-dose immunosuppressive drug protocols in clinical islet transplantation... - Pancreatic islet cell transplantation: likely impact on current therapeutics for type 1 diabetes mellitusR P Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA
Drugs 61:2017-20. 2001..These dramatic results have presented the research community with the challenges of replicating these results and, ultimately, with providing solutions to the serious supply and demand issues that will inevitably follow... 
A role for zinc in pancreatic islet β-cell cross-talk with the α-cell during hypoglycaemiaR P Robertson
Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 13:106-11. 2011..It is now suggested that a switch-off signal provided by a sudden cessation of zinc secretion from β-cells during hypoglycaemia may play a critical role in stimulating glucagon secretion that is independent of the effect of insulin...- Increased oxygen consumption rates in response to high glucose detected by a novel oxygen biosensor system in non-human primate and human isletsWenjing Wang
Islet and Cell Processing Laboratory, Puget Sound Blood Center Northwest Tissue Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
J Endocrinol 185:445-55. 2005.... - Prevention of oxidative stress by adenoviral overexpression of glutathione-related enzymes in pancreatic isletsR Paul Robertson
The Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the University of Washington, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1043:513-20. 2005..These observations suggest that enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms in pancreatic islets may be a valuable pharmacologic approach to managing diabetes... - Pancreas and islet transplantation in type 1 diabetesR Paul Robertson
Diabetes Care 29:935. 2006 - Oxidative stress-mediated, post-translational loss of MafA protein as a contributing mechanism to loss of insulin gene expression in glucotoxic beta cellsJamie S Harmon
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
J Biol Chem 280:11107-13. 2005..001). We conclude that the absence of MafA protein from beta cells via chronic oxidative stress contributes importantly to the loss of endogenous insulin gene expression as glucose toxicity develops... 
Regulation of the insulin gene by glucose and fatty acidsVincent Poitout
Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
J Nutr 136:873-6. 2006..Glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity have common targets, which makes their combination particularly harmful to insulin gene expression and beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes...- Diabetes, glucose toxicity, and oxidative stress: A case of double jeopardy for the pancreatic islet beta cellR Paul Robertson
Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 41:177-84. 2006..Translational research with humans is now under way to ascertain whether this protection can be provided to patients experiencing inadequate glycemic control... - Oxidative stress and impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetesR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Curr Opin Pharmacol 6:615-9. 2006..Co-incident with these changes are profound alterations in insulin gene expression, which involve greatly diminished levels of two transcription factors, MafA and Pdx-1... - Zinc, not insulin, regulates the rat alpha-cell response to hypoglycemia in vivoHuarong Zhou
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes 56:1107-12. 2007..We conclude that zinc atoms, not the insulin molecule itself, provide the switch-off signal from the beta-cell to the alpha-cell to initiate glucagon secretion during hypoglycemia... - Reversal of defective glucagon responses to hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent autoimmune diabetic BB ratsHuarong Zhou
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Endocrinology 148:2863-9. 2007..We conclude that defective glucagon responses to hypoglycemia in BB rats can be corrected by restoring regulation of alpha-cell function by insulin... - Pancreatic islet beta-cell and oxidative stress: the importance of glutathione peroxidaseR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, University of Washington, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, United States
FEBS Lett 581:3743-8. 2007..This suggests that GPx mimetics may represent a valuable ancillary treatment that could add a novel layer of protection for the beta-cell... - International trial of the Edmonton protocol for islet transplantationA M James Shapiro
Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
N Engl J Med 355:1318-30. 2006..We conducted an international, multicenter trial to explore the feasibility and reproducibility of islet transplantation with the use of a single common protocol (the Edmonton protocol)... - Intrahepatic glucose flux as a mechanism for defective intrahepatic islet alpha-cell response to hypoglycemiaHuarong Zhou
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Diabetes 57:1567-74. 2008.... - Adenoviral overexpression of the glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit protects pancreatic islets against oxidative stressPhuong Oanh T Tran
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
J Biol Chem 279:53988-93. 2004..These data provide the first report of GCLC expression in the islet and demonstrate that adenoviral overexpression of GCLC increases intracellular GSH levels and protects the beta cell from the adverse effects of IL-1 beta... - Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetesR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
J Biol Chem 279:42351-4. 2004 - Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced COX-2 and EP3 gene expression by sodium salicylate enhances pancreatic islet beta-cell functionPhuong Oanh T Tran
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Diabetes 51:1772-8. 2002..These findings indicate that the sites of action through which sodium salicylate inhibits these negative effects of IL-1beta on beta-cell function include activation of NF-kappaB as well as generation of PGE(2) by COX-2... - A role for glutathione peroxidase in protecting pancreatic beta cells against oxidative stress in a model of glucose toxicityYoshito Tanaka
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:12363-8. 2002..These observations support the hypothesis that oxidative stress is one mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islets... - Effect of the two-layer (University of Wisconsin solution-perfluorochemical plus O2) method of pancreas preservation on human islet isolation, as assessed by the Edmonton Isolation ProtocolShinichi Matsumoto
Islet and Cell Processing Laboratory ICPL at Puget Sound Blood Center and Northwest Tissue Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Transplantation 74:1414-9. 2002..In this study, we hypothesized that the two-layer method (TLM) could extend the acceptable preservation period of pancreata before islet isolation and increase islet yields... - Intrahepatic islet transplantation in type 1 diabetic patients does not restore hypoglycemic hormonal counterregulation or symptom recognition after insulin independenceBreay W Paty
Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, 2000 College Plaza, 8215 112th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2C8
Diabetes 51:3428-34. 2002.... - Pancreas transplantation for patients with type 1 diabetesR Paul Robertson
Diabetes Care 26:S120. 2003 - Minireview: Secondary beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes--a convergence of glucotoxicity and lipotoxicityVincent Poitout
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
Endocrinology 143:339-42. 2002..We propose that chronic hyperglycemia, independent of hyperlipidemia, is toxic for beta-cell function, whereas chronic hyperlipidemia is deleterious only in the context of concomitant hyperglycemia... - Glucose toxicity in beta-cells: type 2 diabetes, good radicals gone bad, and the glutathione connectionR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes 52:581-7. 2003.... - Consequences on beta-cell function and reserve after long-term pancreas transplantationR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
Diabetes 53:633-44. 2004.... - Regulation of alpha-cell function by the beta-cell during hypoglycemia in Wistar rats: the "switch-off" hypothesisHuarong Zhou
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes 53:1482-7. 2004..These data provide direct in vivo support for the beta-cell "switch-off" hypothesis and indicate that the alpha-cell is not intrinsically abnormal in insulin-dependent diabetes because of STZ-induced destruction of beta-cells... - Regulation of alpha-cell function by the beta-cell in isolated human and rat islets deprived of glucose: the "switch-off" hypothesisKristine M Hope
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes 53:1488-95. 2004..These results fully support the beta-cell switch-off hypothesis as a key mechanism for the alpha-cell response to hypoglycemia... - AIRarg and AIRgluc as predictors of insulin secretory reserveR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the University of Washington, Seattle, 98122, USA
Transplant Proc 36:1040-1. 2004.... - Novel Nonimmunological Forms of {beta}-Cell Dysfunction: Diabetic Syndromes and Pathogenic MechanismsR Paul Robertson
Endocr Rev 29:253. 2008 - Glucolipotoxicity: fuel excess and beta-cell dysfunctionVincent Poitout
Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CR CHUM, Technopole Angus, 2901 Rachel Est, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1W 4A4
Endocr Rev 29:351-66. 2008..Finally, we attempt to define the role of these phenomena in the natural history of beta-cell compensation, decompensation, and failure during the course of type 2 diabetes... - D-Glyceraldehyde causes production of intracellular peroxide in pancreatic islets, oxidative stress, and defective beta cell function via non-mitochondrial pathwaysHiroki Takahashi
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
J Biol Chem 279:37316-23. 2004.... - Glutathione peroxidase protein expression and activity in human islets isolated for transplantationNaoko Tonooka
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, University of Washington, WA 98122, USA
Clin Transplant 21:767-72. 2007..Overexpression of antioxidant enzymes has been reported to protect rodent beta cells from oxidative stress. However, very little is known about protein expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes in human islets... - Intrahepatically transplanted islets--strangers in a strange landR Paul Robertson
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:5416-7. 2002 - Improve islet yields and quality when clinical grade pancreata are preserved by the two-layer methodGuangming Zhang
Northwest Tissue Center at the Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
Cell Tissue Bank 7:195-201. 2006..Consequently, pancreata that meet clinical grade status should be preserved by the TLM prior to islet isolation... - Islet transplantation as a treatment for diabetes - a work in progressR Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute and the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98122, USA
N Engl J Med 350:694-705. 2004 - Estimation of beta-cell mass by metabolic tests: necessary, but how sufficient?R Paul Robertson
Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
Diabetes 56:2420-4. 2007....