JAMES PROCHASKA

..Results provide evidence for the effectiveness of this TTM population-based stress-management intervention...

..Enhancing the expert system by adding proactive telephone counseling or a stimulus control computer designed to produce nicotine fading could produce preventive programs with greater population impacts...

..This study extended that research to a more representative population of patients from primary care practice and to targeting of four rather than three behaviors...

..In spite of considerable noise the effectiveness trials produced robust results (odds ratios of about four) that bode well for population impacts under real-world dissemination...

..26%), and 30% for sun exposure (vs. 22%). Proactive, home-based, and stage-matched expert systems can produce significant multiple behavior changes in at-risk populations where the majority of participants are not prepared to change...

..Interventions that help populations progress two stages could produce 300% more abstinence. The results also support the importance of replicating the stage effects across treatment conditions and over time...

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..Implications of these patterns of relationships are discussed in the context of helping patients make more effective decisions to decrease health risk behaviors and increase health-enhancing behaviors...

..More inclusive research to support more inclusive practices can hopefully lead to more inclusive care...

..In general, the relapsers ended up working harder but not smarter than the successful quitters. The pattern of use of change processes in the treatment and control groups were remarkably similar, suggesting common pathways to change...

..05) and the smoking behavior variables (p<.001) in all samples. The cluster patterns closely replicate earlier findings and provide evidence for the existence of clusters subtypes within the Precontemplation stage of change...

..Identification of stable cluster subtypes would permit the development of tailored interventions focusing on these subtypes...

..Previous research on these 2 sets of variables has produced mixed results...

..Tailored interventions can focus on those adolescents at highest risk and limit or avoid expending resources on those at very low risk...

..9%. Stage-matched manuals provided cessation rates comparable with previous studies. The addition of NRT, expert system interventions, and automated telephone counseling failed to produce a further increase in intervention effectiveness...

..Behavior changes were not consistently related to static demographic variables. Future intervention research can target the four effects to determine if breakthroughs can be produced in changing single and multiple behaviors...

..g. diet and sun protection) were treated in the population. These results point to a future in which health behaviour risk interventions will be assessed not solely by their efficacy but by their population impact...

..The processes of change help guide researchers, clinicians, and intervention program developers towards effective strategies to assist individuals at all stages of change progress towards healthier behaviors...

..This study attempts to replicate cluster subtypes within the Contemplation stage of change in a secondary analysis of data from a sample of current smokers (N=3967)...

..However, to have an impact on smoking rates in a general population, the intervention should also be evaluated with proactively recruited representative samples (effectiveness trials)...

..82. For practical purposes, the first three measures will result in the same conclusions when used as outcome measures in smoking cessation studies...

..Findings provide encouraging evidence of the acceptability of this stage-matched approach to intervention for domestic violence offenders...

..TTM-based expert system interventions have the potential for a significant impact on entire populations of individuals who fail to adhere, regardless of their readiness to change...

..The results indicated that the decisional balance inventory demonstrated strong factorial invariance across the four demographic variables and across assessments...

..This article reports on the development of a decisional balance measure based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) for stress management among adolescents...

..The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) offers a promising theoretical framework for multiple behavior weight management interventions...

..Implications for developing prevention programs are also discussed...

..To identify diabetes-related characteristics of individuals at different stages of readiness to change to healthy, low-fat eating...

..To examine the efficacy of an intervention based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among economically disadvantaged African-American adolescents...

..01). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that this intervention has the potential of positively impacting the health of broad populations of individuals with diabetes, not just the minority who are ready for change...

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..With increased interest in multiple risk factor interventions, the field will need ways to conceptualize the issue of overall behavior change...

..7% for exercise, and 24.7% versus 12.5% for diet). TTM expert system interventions can have a significant impact on entire populations for adherence. Results for dietary fat and exercise suggest covariation of treatment effects...

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..To examine the application of the transtheoretical model (TTM) to fruit and vegetable consumption among economically disadvantaged African-American adolescents...

..Applying this technology in settings serving low-income African-American smokers, with the addition of practical tools for stress reduction, may help to reduce disparities in morbidity and mortality from smoking-related diseases...

..These smoker profiles may be useful in developing targeted smoking cessation interventions. Addressing perceived stress in smoking cessation interventions may help to improve smoking cessation success rates...

..Further, if found effective, it can be disseminated as an efficient, low-cost, population-based approach designed to address the epidemic of obesity...

..At 12 and 24 months follow-up, treatment of 1 or 2 coexisting risk factors did not decrease the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment, and treatment for the coexisting factors was effective...

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..The challenges to increasing informed choice and possible dissemination channels for stage-based materials are discussed...

..Given increasing risks of developing diseases related to these behaviors, this research has special relevance for prevention and management of chronic diseases in older adults. ..

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..Given increasing risks of developing diseases related to these behaviors, this research has special relevance for prevention and management of chronic diseases in older adults. ..

..The project will produce individualized and interactive multimedia computer programs that can be disseminated in a cost-effective manner through schools to help entire populations of adolescents. ..

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