H M Pettinati

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..Clinical trial results in this article are evaluated by the type of outcome measure used to determine naltrexone's treatment advantage, that is, measures related to reducing heavy drinking versus those related to increasing abstinence...

..This report reviews the latest innovations in pharmacotherapy for the treatment of alcohol dependence, focusing on FDA-approved medications presently available to the treatment community...

..This is a double blind, placebo-controlled trial that evaluated the efficacy of disulfiram, naltrexone and their combination in patients with co-occurring cocaine and alcohol dependence...

..Thus, 150 mg/day naltrexone added to a psychosocial treatment resulted in reductions in cocaine and alcohol use and drug severity in men, compared to higher rates of cocaine and alcohol use and drug severity in women...

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..There were no significant differences in drinking with sertraline compared to placebo in Type B alcoholic men or women...

..2005). A 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study established the efficacy and safety of XR-NTX in this patient population. In this report, the effect of XR-NTX on quality of life (QOL) was examined...

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..The results of this study provide a rationale for a double-blind placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of naltrexone in this difficult to treat but prevalent population...

..e., those with lower risk/severity of alcoholism and psychopathology. The aim of the present study was to explore the validity of differential responding by alcohol-dependent subtypes using the serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sertraline...

..Each question is scaled from 0 to 6...

..Initial UDS results and CSSA scores are very useful predictors of treatment outcome and could be used as stratifying variables in outpatient cocaine and alcohol medication trials...

..These findings highlighted the importance of the interrelationship of the relative prognostic value of three known predictors of addiction treatment...

..Information from these studies is promising, suggesting the need for further investigation...

..The absence of other effects underscores the need for further research...

..All with current comorbidity, irrespective of gender, reported more days of heavy drinking than other groups. When evaluating drinking status, gender and comorbidity should be considered...

..This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline was designed to address many of the potential methodological shortcomings of studies of co-occurring disorders...

..These data show that polymorphisms in PDYN are associated with opioid addiction in EAs and provide further evidence that these risk variants may be more relevant in females...

..05). In both cases, the interaction was in the predicted direction. These data suggest that patients with high levels of alcohol craving or a strong family history of alcoholism are more likely to benefit from naltrexone treatment...

..However, in participants with alcohol dependence only (n = 91), TEL produced better alcohol use outcomes than STND on all measures examined and better outcomes than RP on some of the measures...

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..Additional studies are required to elucidate the role of COMT in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders...

..Therefore, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial of acamprosate for the treatment of cocaine dependence...

..In addition, the relationship between Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and behavioral risk factors for HCV infection in these clinical populations were examined...

..Further research on the impact of pre-treatment and in-treatment gender differences with naltrexone is warranted...

..This trial compared the efficacy of acamprosate, started at the beginning of detoxification, to acamprosate started at the completion of detoxification, in the treatment of alcohol dependence...

..However, additional studies using larger sample sizes, comprehensive SNP coverage, and clinically homogenous populations are necessary before confidently excluding CDNF as a significant genetic risk factor for cocaine dependence...

..However, additional studies using larger sample sizes and clinically homogenous populations are necessary before confidently excluding these variants as contributing genetic risk factors for CD...

..Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic with a favorable side effect profile, and may be a promising medication for the treatment of alcohol dependence, particularly Type B alcoholism...

..The purpose of this study was to assess in this original study group whether treatment gains in the type A alcoholics were maintained or whether treatment outcomes changed for the type B alcoholics after discontinuing pharmacotherapy...

..e., were more favorable on four of five of attitudinal dimensions. Thus, patient attitudes toward treatment may be useful in identifying areas that limit or improve treatment attendance...

..Among cocaine- and alcohol-dependent subjects, cocaine dependence severity appears to be a more important predictor of detoxification success than alcohol dependence severity...

..This study provides preliminary evidence, which should be confirmed by a larger study, that modafinil improves clinical outcome when combined with psychosocial treatment for cocaine dependence...

..To determine whether substance use severity, psychiatric severity, social support, self-help attendance or motivation moderated substance use outcomes in a telephone-based continuing care intervention...

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..The study also examined the extent that E2 levels mediated the relationship between CDT levels and heavy drinking in the alcohol-dependent women...

..Preliminary evidence also suggests that disulfiram treatment could be a viable treatment for cocaine dependence because it was shown to reduce cocaine use among nonalcoholic, cocaine-dependent patients...

..The MOR, however, interacts with and is regulated by many known MOR interacting proteins (MORIPs), including the δ-opioid receptor (DOR)...

..This chapter will discuss the usefulness of 5-HT-selective pharmacotherapy in treating alcohol dependence and will provide both historical and current perspectives on its use...

..However, adherence to daily oral pharmacotherapy can be problematic, and clinical acceptance and utility of oral naltrexone have been limited...

..The best alcohol outcomes were obtained in nondepressed patients who received RP. The results suggest that extended continuing care treatment may be warranted for cocaine-dependent patients with co-occurring depressive disorders...

..The gap between inpatient and outpatient costs was also reduced when computed as a cost-effectiveness ratio, although treatment costs continued to remain proportionally higher with inpatient than outpatient treatment...

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..We sought to determine whether topiramate's antidrinking effects are bolstered by improvements in physical and psychosocial well-being...

..We sought to determine the time course for onset of effect of intramuscular injectable extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX), which has demonstrated efficacy for alcohol dependence...

..Alcohol dependence treatment may include medications, behavioral therapies, or both. It is unknown how combining these treatments may impact their effectiveness, especially in the context of primary care and other nonspecialty settings...

..The costs and cost-effectiveness of these combinations are unknown and of interest to clinicians and policy makers...

..Flannery; (4) What should be the primary outcome measures in a clinical trial, by Damaris J. Rohsenow; (5) Innovative strategies for assessing functional outcomes in alcoholism treatment clinical trials, by Ron A. Cisler...

..However, each study site has provided site-specific information on the budget, budget justifications, listing of key personnel, consultant/consortium agreements, and human subjects sections of their respective proposals. ..

..Overall, this project will determine if combining pharmacotherapies results in a better response in comorbidly depressed alcoholics than either medication alone or placebo. ..

..Component 4 describes a model that identifies potential individual genetic predictors to medication response. ..