Research Topics
| Martin PaulusSummaryAffiliation: University of California Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Emotion and decision-making: affect-driven belief systems in anxiety and depressionMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Trends Cogn Sci 16:476-83. 2012....- Altered amygdala activation during face processing in Iraqi and Afghanistani war veteransAlan N Simmons
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 1:6. 2011..abstract:.. - Subjecting elite athletes to inspiratory breathing load reveals behavioral and neural signatures of optimal performers in extreme environmentsMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
PLoS ONE 7:e29394. 2012..We examined the hypothesis that elite athletes, compared to control subjects, show attenuated insular cortex activation during an aversive interoceptive challenge... 
Anterior cingulate activity modulates nonlinear decision weight function of uncertain prospectsMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 9116, USA
Neuroimage 30:668-77. 2006....- Differential brain activation to angry faces by elite warfighters: neural processing evidence for enhanced threat detectionMartin P Paulus
University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
PLoS ONE 5:e10096. 2010..The purpose of this study was to examine brain processing differences between elite warfighters and comparison subjects in brain structures that are important for emotion processing and interoception... - Neural activation patterns of methamphetamine-dependent subjects during decision making predict relapseMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093 0603, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:761-8. 2005..Relapse is a common clinical problem in individuals with substance dependence. Previous studies have implicated a multifactorial process underlying relapse; however, the contribution of specific neural substrates has not yet been examined... - Neural basis of reward and craving--a homeostatic point of viewMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, USA
Dialogues Clin Neurosci 9:379-87. 2007..Craving and urges are among the most notable responses, and may have important functions to preserve homeostasis... - Neurobiology of decision-making: quo vadis?Martin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, USA
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 23:2-10. 2005..Several important research groups have contributed a diverse set of approaches to study decision-making and its underlying neurobiology. Insights from these studies may provide important directions for future research in this area... - Superior temporal gyrus and insula provide response and outcome-dependent information during assessment and action selection in a decision-making situationMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, USA
Neuroimage 25:607-15. 2005..Furthermore, the superior temporal gyrus may play an important role in integrating previous actions and successful outcomes into one's decision-making strategy... - Decision-making dysfunctions in psychiatry--altered homeostatic processing?Martin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, 8950 Villa La Jolla Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, USA
Science 318:602-6. 2007.... - Interoception in anxiety and depressionMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 8939 Villa La Jolla Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Brain Struct Funct 214:451-63. 2010..We conclude that depression and anxiety are not simply interoceptive disorders but are altered interoceptive states as a consequence of noisily amplified self-referential interoceptive predictive belief states... - Reduced behavioral and neural activation in stimulant users to different error rates during decision makingMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Biol Psychiatry 63:1054-60. 2008..Here, the hypothesis is examined that stimulant-using subjects adjust their decision making less as a function of errors as evidenced by attenuated behavioral and neural substrate activation patterns... - The role of interoception and alliesthesia in addictionMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
Pharmacol Biochem Behav 94:1-7. 2009..The model thereby provides new potential targets for interventions that are aimed at changing the internal state that puts the individual at risk for continued substance use... - Role of functional magnetic resonance imaging in drug discoveryMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego UCSD, 8950 Villa La Jolla Drive, Suite C 213, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Neuropsychol Rev 17:179-88. 2007.... - A neuroscience approach to optimizing brain resources for human performance in extreme environmentsMartin P Paulus
University of California, San Diego, 92037, USA
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33:1080-8. 2009..This hypothesis can be translated into an experimental approach that may be useful for quantifying the degree to which individuals are particularly suited to performing optimally in demanding environments... - The role of neuroimaging for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disordersMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 0985, USA
Depress Anxiety 25:348-56. 2008.... - Individuals with schizophrenia present hypo- and hyperactivation during implicit cueing in an inhibitory taskEstibaliz Arce
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093 0985, USA
Neuroimage 32:704-13. 2006..The primary purpose of this investigation was to assess the neural correlates of implicit cueing during an inhibitory task in schizophrenia when performance accuracy was matched with healthy comparison subjects... - Error rate and outcome predictability affect neural activation in prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate during decision-makingMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
Neuroimage 15:836-46. 2002..quot;.. - Dose-dependent decrease of activation in bilateral amygdala and insula by lorazepam during emotion processingMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:282-8. 2005..This investigation may help to support the use of BOLD-fMRI with pharmacological probes to investigate the neural circuits underlying anxiety and the use of fMRI as a tool in the development of new anxiolytic agents... - Alcohol attenuates load-related activation during a working memory task: relation to level of response to alcoholMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0603, USA
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:1363-71. 2006..This increase in brain response was attenuated in low-level responders after ingesting a moderate dose of alcohol... - Inhibition-related activity in subgenual cingulate is associated with symptom severity in major depressionScott Matthews
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
Psychiatry Res 172:1-6. 2009..Among MDD individuals, inhibition-related subgenual activation correlated with depressive symptom severity, implicating subgenual ACC in inhibitory control processes related to clinical depression... - Anterior cingulate activation in high trait anxious subjects is related to altered error processing during decision makingMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California Sand Diego, La Jolla 92093-9116, USA
Biol Psychiatry 55:1179-87. 2004..e., the low-error-rate condition). The extent to which this altered activation within the anterior cingulate contributes to anxiety-proneness remains to be determined... - Accumulation of neural activity in the posterior insula encodes the passage of timeMarc Wittmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 8939 Villa La Jolla Dr, Suite 200, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, USA
Neuropsychologia 48:3110-20. 2010..This is the first time that an accumulation function in the posterior insula is detected that might be correlated with the encoding of time intervals... - Decision making by methamphetamine-dependent subjects is associated with error-rate-independent decrease in prefrontal and parietal activationMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0603, USA
Biol Psychiatry 53:65-74. 2003..quot;.. - Habituation of attentional networks during emotion processingJustin S Feinstein
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
Neuroreport 13:1255-8. 2002.... - Predicting treatment outcome in stimulant dependenceMartina Reske
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92037 0985, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1141:270-83. 2008..Fourth, we discuss future directions, critical experiments, and the utility of functional neuroimaging as a clinical tool... - Parietal dysfunction is associated with increased outcome-related decision-making in schizophrenia patientsMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0603, USA
Biol Psychiatry 51:995-1004. 2002.... - A reverse-translational study of dysfunctional exploration in psychiatric disorders: from mice to menWilliam Perry
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093 0804, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 66:1072-80. 2009..Exploration is fundamental to survival and is dysregulated in these 2 disorders. Although exploratory behavior in rodents has been widely studied, surprisingly little work has examined this critical function in humans... - Neurocircuity of eating disordersWalter H Kaye
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Curr Top Behav Neurosci 6:37-57. 2011..Better understanding of neurocircuits that may be related to altered appetite, mood, impulse control, and other symptoms underlying the pathophysiology of EDs might improve psychotherapeutic and drug treatment strategies... - Effect of methamphetamine dependence on inhibitory deficits in a novel human open-field paradigmBrook L Henry
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 215:697-707. 2011..Previous work demonstrated that manic bipolar subjects exhibit a disinhibited pattern of behavior in the hBPM characterized by increased object interactions... - Decreased psychological well-being in late 'chronotypes' is mediated by smoking and alcohol consumptionMarc Wittmann
Generation Research Program, Human Science Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
Subst Use Misuse 45:15-30. 2010..We suggest that 'chronotype' is introduced as an additional factor in substance use, that is, when considering motives for smoking and drinking... - Exaggerated and disconnected insular-amygdalar blood oxygenation level-dependent response to threat-related emotional faces in women with intimate-partner violence posttraumatic stress disorderGregory A Fonzo
Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
Biol Psychiatry 68:433-41. 2010..This study examined the hypothesis that women with IPV-PTSD show a dysregulation of this limbic sensory system while processing threat-related emotional faces... - Increased amygdala activation is related to heart rate during emotion processing in adolescent subjectsTony T Yang
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States
Neurosci Lett 428:109-14. 2007..Finally, the results of the present study lay the foundation for future research to investigate whether adolescents with mood or anxiety disorders show an altered coupling between processing emotionally salient events and ANS activity... - Functioning of neural systems supporting emotion regulation in anxiety-prone individualsLaura Campbell-Sills
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Neuroimage 54:689-96. 2011..Anxious participants required greater engagement of lateral and medial PFC in order to successfully reduce negative emotions... - Alcohol cue reactivity task developmentCarmen Pulido
University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 151B, San Diego, CA 92161, United States
Addict Behav 35:84-90. 2010..This project systematically created an alcohol cue reactivity task for studies with non-drinkers, using well-characterized stimuli... - Heritability of anterior cingulate response to conflict: an fMRI study in female twinsScott C Matthews
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, CA, USA
Neuroimage 38:223-7. 2007..These results suggest an endophenotype that may be applied to various psychiatric disorders that are both highly heritable and associated with altered dACC function... - Functional MRI of inhibitory processing in abstinent adolescent marijuana usersSusan F Tapert
VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 194:173-83. 2007..We hypothesized that brain activation during a go/no-go task would show persistent abnormalities in adolescent marijuana users after 28 days of abstinence... - Subchronic SSRI administration reduces insula response during affective anticipation in healthy volunteersAlan N Simmons
University of California, San Diego, CA 92161 0151B, USA
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 12:1009-20. 2009.... - Escitalopram effects on insula and amygdala BOLD activation during emotional processingEstibaliz Arce
Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Biology Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 196:661-72. 2008..The amygdala and insular cortex are integral to the processing of emotionally salient stimuli. We have shown in healthy volunteers that an anxiolytic agent, lorazepam, dose-dependently attenuates activation of limbic structures... - Intolerance of uncertainty correlates with insula activation during affective ambiguityAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, USA
Neurosci Lett 430:92-7. 2008..Previously observed insula hyperactivity in anxiety disorder individuals may therefore be directly linked to altered processes of uncertainty... - Neural correlates of altered pain response in women with posttraumatic stress disorder from intimate partner violenceIrina A Strigo
University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92161, USA
Biol Psychiatry 68:442-50. 2010..The aim of this study was to examine the neurobehavioral correlates of experimental pain in women with IPV-related PTSD... - Heart rate variability in bipolar mania and schizophreniaBrook L Henry
University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA 92103 0851, United States
J Psychiatr Res 44:168-76. 2010..We recorded cardiac activity and assessed HRV in acutely hospitalized manic bipolar (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients compared to age- and gender-matched healthy comparison (HC) subjects... - Escitalopram attenuates posterior cingulate activity during self-evaluation in healthy volunteersScott C Matthews
Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
Psychiatry Res 182:81-7. 2010..These results show that SSRIs change medial cortical activity and may alter self-evaluation... - Adolescents with major depression demonstrate increased amygdala activationTony T Yang
University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49:42-51. 2010.... - Decreased functional coupling of the amygdala and supragenual cingulate is related to increased depression in unmedicated individuals with current major depressive disorderScott C Matthews
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0603, United States
J Affect Disord 111:13-20. 2008..The aim of this study was to examine the degree to which alterations in amygdala-cingulate FC relate to severity of current depressive symptoms in a group of depressed individuals without significant co-morbidities... - Functional activation and neural networks in women with posttraumatic stress disorder related to intimate partner violenceAlan N Simmons
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92037, USA
Biol Psychiatry 64:681-90. 2008..Victims of IPV are often preoccupied by the anticipation of impending harm. This investigation tested the hypothesis that IPV-related PTSD individuals show exaggerated insula reactivity to the anticipation of aversive stimuli... - Association of major depressive disorder with altered functional brain response during anticipation and processing of heat painIrina A Strigo
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, Bldg 13, MC 9151 B, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:1275-84. 2008..Chronic pain and depression are highly comorbid conditions, yet little is known about the neurobiological basis of pain processing in major depressive disorder (MDD)... - The quantitative assessment of motor activity in mania and schizophreniaArpi Minassian
University of California, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
J Affect Disord 120:200-6. 2010..We used an ambulatory monitoring device to quantify motor activity in BD and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients in a novel exploratory paradigm, the human Behavioral Pattern Monitor (BPM)... - Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjectsMarc Wittmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 9116A, USA
Drug Alcohol Depend 90:183-92. 2007..Altered time processing in SDI could explain why SDI have difficulty delaying gratification... - Time and decision making: differential contribution of the posterior insular cortex and the striatum during a delay discounting taskMarc Wittmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 9116A, USA
Exp Brain Res 179:643-53. 2007.... - Cortical and subcortical brain regions involved in rule-based category learningJ Vincent Filoteo
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Neuroreport 16:111-5. 2005..Results are consistent with theories suggesting that a frontal-striatal circuit is involved in rule-based category learning... - The balance between approach and avoidance behaviors in a novel object exploration paradigm in miceSusan B Powell
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Behav Brain Res 152:341-9. 2004..In combination, these results show that the approach and avoidance dimensions of novelty seeking can be manipulated experimentally and may be used in subsequent studies to examine the effects of drugs of abuse... - Functional subdivisions within anterior cingulate cortex and their relationship to autonomic nervous system functionScott C Matthews
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
Neuroimage 22:1151-6. 2004.... - An insular view of anxietyMartin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
Biol Psychiatry 60:383-7. 2006.... - Contribution of functional neuroimaging to understanding neuropsychiatric side effects of interferon in hepatitis CScott C Matthews
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Psychosomatics 45:281-6. 2004.... - Selective activation of the nucleus accumbens during risk-taking decision makingScott C Matthews
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0603, USA
Neuroreport 15:2123-7. 2004..These findings may provide target neural systems to study in subjects who exhibit problematic risk-taking behaviors and may partially explain why certain risky behaviors occur... - Increased sensitivity to error during decision-making in bipolar disorder patients with acute maniaArpi Minassian
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, Mailcode 8620, San Diego, CA 92103 8620, USA
J Affect Disord 82:203-8. 2004..In this study we examined whether BD patients with psychotic mania show altered patterns of decision-making as a function of the frequency of incorrect predictions or error rate... - Anticipation of emotionally aversive visual stimuli activates right insulaAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 0985, USA
Neuroreport 15:2261-5. 2004..These findings indicate that common neural circuitry is involved in the anticipation of (and, perhaps, the subjective experience of anticipating) aversive affective and noxious physical stimuli... - Left inferior prefrontal cortex activation during a semantic decision-making task predicts the degree of semantic organizationAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0603, USA
Neuroimage 28:30-8. 2005..This finding is consistent with the role of the IPFC in establishing self-generated semantic relationships between stimuli... - Level of response to alcohol and brain response during visual working memorySusan F Tapert
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92161, USA
J Stud Alcohol 65:692-700. 2004..This study examined neural correlates of the low level of response to alcohol using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) during a challenging visual working memory task... - From sensory processes to conscious perceptionJustin S Feinstein
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
Conscious Cogn 13:323-35. 2004..These results are discussed in light of a neural framework for conscious processing... - Trend detection via temporal difference model predicts inferior prefrontal cortex activation during acquisition of advantageous action selectionMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 92093 0603, USA
Neuroimage 21:733-43. 2004..These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the inferior prefrontal cortex computes a trend from previously experienced action-outcome sequences based on a value function derived from the temporal difference model... - Schizophrenia subjects show intact success-related neural activation but impaired uncertainty processing during decision-makingMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 28:795-806. 2003..In contrast, task-related activation in SZS was not modulated by the degree of uncertainty. Thus, SZS failed to utilize the parietal cortex to process decision-making situations with highly uncertain outcomes... - Neural response to alcohol stimuli in adolescents with alcohol use disorderSusan F Tapert
Psychology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 92161, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:727-35. 2003..We hypothesized that teens with alcohol use disorder would show greater brain response than nonabusing teens to alcohol images relative to neutral beverage images in limbic and frontal brain regions... - Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation is critical for preference judgmentsMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0603, USA
Neuroreport 14:1311-5. 2003..These findings are consistent with the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the representation of complex appetitive states... - Depressed adolescents demonstrate greater subgenual anterior cingulate activityTony T Yang
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Neuroreport 20:440-4. 2009..These results establish for the first time abnormal functioning of the sgACC in depressed adolescents and have important implications for understanding the underlying neural correlates and potential treatments of adolescent depression... - Increased risk-taking decision-making but not altered response to punishment in stimulant-using young adultsDavid S Leland
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-9116, USA
Drug Alcohol Depend 78:83-90. 2005.... - Young adult stimulant users' increased striatal activation during uncertainty is related to impulsivityDavid S Leland
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
Neuroimage 33:725-31. 2006..Drug. Alcohol Depend. 78, 83-90). Since outcome uncertainty is a critical element of risk, we investigated whether such individuals have different neural responses to uncertainty than their stimulant-naive peers... - Increased activation in the right insula during risk-taking decision making is related to harm avoidance and neuroticismMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0603, USA
Neuroimage 19:1439-48. 2003..These results are consistent with the hypothesis that insula activation serves as a critical neural substrate to instantiate aversive somatic markers that guide risk-taking decision-making behavior... - Cross-species assessments of motor and exploratory behavior related to bipolar disorderBrook L Henry
University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 34:1296-306. 2010.... - Behavioral and functional neuroimaging evidence for prefrontal dysfunction in methamphetamine-dependent subjectsMartin P Paulus
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093 0603, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 26:53-63. 2002..These results support the basic hypothesis that stimulant-dependent subjects exhibit fundamental cognitive deficits during decision-making that are consistent with both orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal dysfunction... - Anterior cingulate cortex and benefit of predictive cueing on response inhibition in stimulant dependent individualsDavid S Leland
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
Biol Psychiatry 63:184-90. 2008..The need to inhibit behavior is often forewarned by cues that do not call for immediate inhibition. We sought to determine whether such cues would engage the ACC and improve inhibition in MD individuals... - Adolescent subgenual anterior cingulate activity is related to harm avoidanceTony T Yang
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California 92123, USA
Neuroreport 20:19-23. 2009..Greater harm avoidance levels were significantly associated with increased inhibition-related sgACC activity. These results establish, for the first time, a link between personality and differential sgACC activation in adolescents... - Dissociation of inhibition from error processing using a parametric inhibitory task during functional magnetic resonance imagingScott C Matthews
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Neuroreport 16:755-60. 2005.... - Increased amygdala and insula activation during emotion processing in anxiety-prone subjectsMurray B Stein
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 8950 Villa La Jolla Dr, Suite B 218, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Am J Psychiatry 164:318-27. 2007..It is uncertain whether this heightened amygdala reactivity is specific to treatment-seeking patients with anxiety disorders or is a general feature of individuals with increased anxiety-related temperamental traits... - Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking related activation in limbic areasEstibaliz Arce
Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, 8950 Villa La Jolla Dr, Suite C213, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 189:105-16. 2006..Several studies have examined the role of different neurotransmitter systems in modulating risk-taking behavior... - Anticipation of aversive visual stimuli is associated with increased insula activation in anxiety-prone subjectsAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Biol Psychiatry 60:402-9. 2006.... - Effects of two nights sleep deprivation and two nights recovery sleep on response inhibitionSean P A Drummond
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 92161, USA
J Sleep Res 15:261-5. 2006..These data suggest that individuals experience difficulty in withholding an inappropriate response during TSD, even when they are able to attend to the incoming stimuli and respond accurately to appropriate stimuli... - Decision making, impulsivity and time perceptionMarc Wittmann
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Trends Cogn Sci 12:7-12. 2008..Here, we develop the theoretical background on concepts of time perception, which could lead to an empirically based notion of the association between an altered sense of time and impulsivity... - Increased affective bias revealed using experimental graded heat stimuli in young depressed adults: evidence of "emotional allodynia"Irina A Strigo
Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 8950 Villa La Jolla Dr, Suite C213, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, USA
Psychosom Med 70:338-44. 2008..Existing evidence indicates that MDD may be associated with altered pain processing. However, the extent to which alterations in experimentally controlled heat pain sensations are related to increased affective bias in MDD is unknown... - Association between individual differences in self-reported emotional resilience and the affective perception of neutral facesEstibaliz Arce
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037 0985, United States
J Affect Disord 114:286-93. 2009..We used a novel experimental paradigm to test the hypothesis that highly resilient individuals show a judgment bias towards positive emotions... - Anxiety vulnerability is associated with altered anterior cingulate response to an affective appraisal taskAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, The Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 0985, USA
Neuroreport 19:1033-7. 2008..Collectively, these data indicate that anxious individuals activate the dorsal and ventral components of the ACC differently during affective appraisal... - Affective ambiguity for a group recruits ventromedial prefrontal cortexAlan Simmons
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, University of California San Diego, 92037, USA
Neuroimage 29:655-61. 2006..This supports the dissociation of the ACC into dorsal cognitive and ventral affective divisions, and suggests that the ventromedial PFC may play a critical role in appraising affective tone in a complex display of multiple human faces... - New insights into symptoms and neurocircuit function of anorexia nervosaWalter H Kaye
Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla Village Professional Center, 8950 Villa La Jolla Drive, Suite C 207, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
Nat Rev Neurosci 10:573-84. 2009..For example, altered insula activity could explain interoceptive dysfunction, and altered striatal activity might shed light on altered reward modulation in people with anorexia nervosa... - Functional abnormalities of medial temporal cortex during novel picture learning among patients with chronic schizophreniaLisa T Eyler Zorrilla
Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
Schizophr Res 59:187-98. 2003..Further research is needed to illuminate the role of these brain dysfunctions in poor everyday functioning and their amenability to treatment... - The selective serotonin-2A receptor antagonist M100907 reverses behavioral deficits in dopamine transporter knockout miceAlasdair M Barr
Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 29:221-8. 2004.... - Adults with autism show increased sensitivity to outcomes at low error rates during decision-makingArpi Minassian
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, Mailcode 8620, San Diego, CA 92103 8620, USA
J Autism Dev Disord 37:1279-88. 2007..Thus, behavioral paradigms that provide frequent reinforcement may be helpful in modifying decision-making abilities in AD... - Neural correlates of refixation saccades and antisaccades in normal and schizophrenia subjectsJennifer E McDowell
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0804, USA
Biol Psychiatry 51:216-23. 2002..Furthermore, this abnormality existed despite normal BOLD contrast observed during refixation saccade generation in the schizophrenia group... - MDMA affects both error-rate dependent and independent aspects of decision-making in a two-choice prediction taskFranz X Vollenweider
University Hospital of Psychiatry and Heffter Research Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
J Psychopharmacol 19:366-74. 2005..These results support the hypothesis that acute administration of MDMA affects success-related response selection during decision-making... - Chaos and schizophrenia: does the method fit the madness?Martin P Paulus
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Health Care System, San Diego, California, USA
Biol Psychiatry 53:3-11. 2003.... - Time-varying amygdala response to emotional faces in generalized social phobiaDarren W Campbell
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Biol Psychiatry 62:455-63. 2007..We tested for such amygdala deficits to emotional faces in a sample of individuals with SP... - Striatal function in generalized social phobia: a functional magnetic resonance imaging studyJitender Sareen
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Biol Psychiatry 61:396-404. 2007..We examined whether subjects with GSP had differential activation in striatal regions compared with healthy control subjects while engaged in a cognitive task that has been shown to activate striatal regions reliably... - Prenatal alcohol exposure affects frontal-striatal BOLD response during inhibitory controlSusanna L Fryer
Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 31:1415-24. 2007..This study characterized the neural substrates underlying the disinhibited behavioral profile of individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)... - The role of the striatum in implicit learning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging studyJeffrey P Reiss
Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Neuroreport 16:1291-5. 2005..These findings strengthen the specificity of the striatum in implicit learning and are suggestive of a dissociation of striatal regions relative to elements of implicit learning performance... - Behavioural dysregulation of decision-making in deficit but not nondeficit schizophrenia patientsKatja Ludewig
Psychiatric Services of Aargau Canton, Department of Research, Zürcherstrasse, P O Box 298, 5201 Brugg, Switzerland
Psychiatry Res 119:293-306. 2003..Moreover, in deficit patients, the previous choice was more predictive of the current response. Therefore, the two-choice prediction task may be useful in differentiating between deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia... - Differential contributions of dopamine D1, D2, and D3 receptors to MDMA-induced effects on locomotor behavior patterns in miceVictoria B Risbrough
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 31:2349-58. 2006..More specifically, D1 receptor activation appears to modify the type of activity (linear vs circumscribed), whereas D2 receptor activation appears to contribute to the repetitive circling behavior produced by MDMA... - Deficit in schizophrenia to recruit the striatum in implicit learning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigationJeffrey P Reiss
Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Schizophr Res 87:127-37. 2006..On the basis of whole-brain and striatal region-of-interest analyses, we found a relative lack of striatal activation in schizophrenia patients. This result is consistent with convergent evidence of striatal dysfunction in schizophrenia... - Decision-making dysregulation in first-episode schizophreniaKatja Cattapan-Ludewig
University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
J Nerv Ment Dis 196:157-60. 2008..These results indicate that behavioral abnormalities during the two-choice prediction task are already present during the early stages of the illness... - Error-rate-related caudate and parietal cortex activation during decision makingSteven P Verney
Department of Psychiatry and San Diego Veterans Affairs Health Care System, CA, USA
Neuroreport 14:923-8. 2003..Therefore, less response switching and increased response predictability during decision making can be directly related to the degree of activation in the caudate and posterior parietal cortex...
Research Grants
- NEUROIMAGING OF DECISION MAKING IN STIMULANT ADDICTIONMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2003..Moreover, this study will provide the basis for future investigations to determine whether the dysregulation in decision-making is a consequence of chronic use or a risk factor for the development of stimulant dependence. ..
- NEUROBIOLOGY OF TRANSITION TO STIMULANT DEPENDENCEMartin P Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2010..g. using real-time fMRI?? ..
- NEUROBIOLOGY OF TRANSITION TO STIMULANT DEPENDENCEMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2009..g. using real-time fMRI?? ..
- STIMULANT DEPENDENCE: NEURAL MECHANISMS OF RELAPSEMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2007..This project will link systems neuroscience with clinical research in substance use disorders thereby providing cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging insights into dysfunctions associated with substance use disorders. ..
- NEUROBIOLOGY OF TRANSITION TO STIMULANT DEPENDENCEMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2007....
- Time processing in stimulant users: Impulsivity and temporal discountingMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2007..The current study will inform treatment programs to create intervention strategies that manipulate the temporal delay of rewards to shape more adaptive behavior. ..
- MDMA & Amphetamine--Behavioral Organization in MiceMartin Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2003..The results from these studies will provide a set of measures derived from a widely used behavioral paradigm to examine the molecular basis of the effects of drugs of abuse using genetically modified mice. ..
- Negative reinforcement and interoceptive dysfunction in stimulant dependence.Martin P Paulus; Fiscal Year: 2010..g. to dampen the influence of negative "gut feelings" on decision-making or risk-taking and thereby increase the chance of abstinence. ..