Research Topics
| K MulliganSummaryAffiliation: University of California Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are induced by protease inhibitors independent of changes in body composition in patients with HIV infectionK Mulligan
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco General Hospital, 94110, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 23:35-43. 2000..However, at the moment, the risks associated with these metabolic effects do not appear to outweigh improvements in survival seen with PI therapy...
The effects of recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and glucose metabolism in HIV-infected patients with fat accumulationJ C Lo
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:3480-7. 2001..We also recommend a screening oral glucose tolerance test be performed to exclude subjects at risk for GH-induced hyperglycemia...
Increased thymic mass and circulating naive CD4 T cells in HIV-1-infected adults treated with growth hormoneLaura A Napolitano
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
AIDS 16:1103-11. 2002..CONCLUSION: GH has significant effects on the human immune system, including the reversal of thymic atrophy in HIV-1-infected adults. De-novo T cell production may thus be inducible in immunodeficient adults...
Metabolic abnormalities in patients with HIV infectionKathleen Mulligan
University of California, San Francisco, Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA
J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic) 2:66-74. 2003..For the purposes of this discussion, I would like to consider each problem individually while also recognizing overlapping elements in an effort to understand complex etiologic interrelationships...
Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with menRobert M Grant
J David Gladstone Institutes, University of California at San Francisco, 1650 Owens St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
N Engl J Med 363:2587-99. 2010..Antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis before exposure is a promising approach for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition...
Testosterone supplementation of megestrol therapy does not enhance lean tissue accrual in men with human immunodeficiency virus-associated weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trialKathleen Mulligan
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:563-70. 2007..Reduced energy intake is a primary factor in HIV-associated wasting. Megestrol acetate (MA) stimulates appetite and weight gain. However, much of the weight gained is fat, possibly as a result of MA-induced hypogonadism...
Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone in HIV-infected patients with hyperinsulinemia and elevated waist/hip ratioKathleen Mulligan
University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
AIDS 21:47-57. 2007..To evaluate the effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone or in combination, on fat distribution, insulin sensitivity, and lipids in HIV-infected patients with insulin resistance and changes in fat distribution...
Altered fat distribution in HIV-positive men on nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapyK Mulligan
Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 94110, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 26:443-8. 2001..Our results, which have been obtained retrospectively, are intended to provide the impetus for prospective, controlled studies of the interactions among drug and host factors in the development of fat distribution abnormalities...
Effect of nandrolone decanoate therapy on weight and lean body mass in HIV-infected women with weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trialKathleen Mulligan
Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Rm 3501K, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
Arch Intern Med 165:578-85. 2005..Although studies have examined a variety of anabolic therapies in HIV-infected men, the safety and efficacy of such treatments in women have not been adequately studied...
Fat distribution in HIV-infected women in the United States: DEXA substudy in the Women's Interagency HIV StudyKathleen Mulligan
University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 38:18-22. 2005..0004 vs. HIV-negative). Thus, consistent with reports in men, lower levels of peripheral (leg) fat are seen in HIV-infected women on HAART, despite the high prevalence of obesity in this population...
Anabolic treatment with GH, IGF-I, or anabolic steroids in patients with HIV-associated wastingKathleen Mulligan
Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
Int J Cardiol 85:151-9. 2002....
Anabolic effects of nandrolone decanoate in patients receiving dialysis: a randomized controlled trialK L Johansen
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, USA
JAMA 281:1275-81. 1999..Anabolic steroids are known to increase muscle mass and strength in healthy individuals, but their effect on the sarcopenia and fatigue associated with long-term dialysis has not been evaluated...
Morphologic and metabolic abnormalities in vertically HIV-infected children and youthGrace M Aldrovandi
Saban Research Institute of Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
AIDS 23:661-72. 2009..To compare the distribution of lipid and glucose abnormalities and altered fat distribution among vertically HIV-infected patients and controls...
"Buffalo hump" in men with HIV-1 infectionJ C Lo
Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110, USA
Lancet 351:867-70. 1998..Enlargement of the dorsocervical fat pad ("buffalo hump") has been reported in numerous HIV-1-infected patients. Some investigators have speculated that this finding is associated with protease-inhibitor treatment...
The acute effects of HIV protease inhibitors on insulin suppression of glucose production in healthy HIV-negative menGrace A Lee
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 52:246-8. 2009..The effects of different HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) on peripheral insulin resistance have been described, but less is known about their effects on insulin suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP)...
Comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging-measured adipose tissue depots in HIV-infected and control subjectsRebecca Scherzer
University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 88:1088-96. 2008....
Improvement in peripheral glucose uptake after gastric bypass surgery is observed only after substantial weight loss has occurred and correlates with the magnitude of weight lostGuilherme M Campos
Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Gastrointest Surg 14:15-23. 2010..Altered gut and pancreatic hormone secretion may bolster resolution of insulin resistance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), but the independent effects of weight loss and hormonal secretion on peripheral glucose disposal are unknown...
Boosting dose ritonavir does not alter peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy HIV-seronegative volunteersSteven A Taylor
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 55:361-4. 2010..Boosting dose ritonavir (100-200 mg) is the most commonly prescribed PI, yet its effects on glucose metabolism have not been described in the absence of another PI...
Simple anthropometric measures correlate with metabolic risk indicators as strongly as magnetic resonance imaging-measured adipose tissue depots in both HIV-infected and control subjectsRebecca Scherzer
Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 87:1809-17. 2008..Studies in persons without HIV infection have compared percentage body fat (%BF) and waist circumference as markers of risk for the complications of excess adiposity, but only limited study has been conducted in HIV-infected subjects...
Metabolic effects of indinavir in healthy HIV-seronegative menM A Noor
Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, California, USA
AIDS 15:F11-8. 2001..CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of HIV infection, treatment with indinavir for 4 weeks causes insulin resistance independent of increases in visceral adipose tissue or lipid and lipoprotein levels...
Obesity and dyslipidemia in behaviorally HIV-infected young women: Adolescent Trials Network study 021Kathleen Mulligan
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital Div of Endocrinology, Bldg 30, Rm 3501K, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
Clin Infect Dis 50:106-14. 2010....
Effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I/IGF-binding protein-3 treatment on glucose metabolism and fat distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with abdominal obesity and insulin resistanceMadhu N Rao
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:4361-6. 2010..Treatment with GH decreases visceral adiposity but worsens glucose metabolism. IGF-I, which mediates many of the effects of GH, improves insulin sensitivity in HIV-negative individuals...
Technical evaluation of in vivo abdominal fat and IMCL quantification using MRI and MRSI at 3 TXiaojuan Li
Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
Magn Reson Imaging 26:188-97. 2008....
Effects of ritonavir and amprenavir on insulin sensitivity in healthy volunteersGrace A Lee
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
AIDS 21:2183-90. 2007..Some HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) have been shown to induce insulin resistance in vitro but the degree to which specific PIs affect insulin sensitivity in humans is less well understood...
Factors associated with weight loss after gastric bypassGuilherme M Campos
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Ave, Room C 341, San Francisco, CA 94143 0790, USA
Arch Surg 143:877-883; discussion 884. 2008..However, weight loss is poor in 10% to 15% of patients. We sought to determine the independent factors associated with poor weight loss after GBP...
Regional adipose tissue and lipid and lipoprotein levels in HIV-infected womenJudith Currier
Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48:35-43. 2008..HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy are associated with dyslipidemia, but the association between regional body fat and lipid levels is not well described...
Regional adipose tissue and elevations in serum aminotransferases in HIV-infected individualsPhyllis C Tien
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48:169-76. 2008..Obesity is associated with hepatic steatosis, and ALT is a marker of steatosis in the general population...
The effects of recombinant human leptin on visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemiaKathleen Mulligan
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94:1137-44. 2009..Leptin deficiency is associated with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in animals and humans with lipoatrophy; leptin replacement ameliorates these abnormalities...
Single-dose lopinavir-ritonavir acutely inhibits insulin-mediated glucose disposal in healthy volunteersGrace A Lee
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Clin Infect Dis 43:658-60. 2006..Insulin resistance from protease inhibitors may decrease with prolonged use; an increase in adiponectin levels may mediate this effect...
Mixed patterns of changes in central and peripheral fat following initiation of antiretroviral therapy in a randomized trialKathleen Mulligan
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41:590-7. 2006..Increased waist/hip ratio was predominantly associated with increased waist circumference. There was no evidence that central fat accumulation and peripheral fat loss are linked in most subjects...
The metabolic effects of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-negative menGrace A Lee
Metabolism Section 111F, San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
AIDS 18:641-9. 2004..Therefore, we tested the effects of the PI combination lopinavir and ritonavir on glucose and lipid metabolism in HIV-negative subjects...
Short-term effects of cannabinoids in patients with HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trialDonald I Abrams
University of California, San Francisco, and Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
Ann Intern Med 139:258-66. 2003..CONCLUSIONS: Smoked and oral cannabinoids did not seem to be unsafe in people with HIV infection with respect to HIV RNA levels, CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts, or protease inhibitor levels over a 21-day treatment...
Indinavir increases glucose production in healthy HIV-negative menJean-Marc Schwarz
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
AIDS 18:1852-4. 2004..During the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, indinavir blunted the ability of insulin to suppress glucose production. Therefore, indinavir worsens hepatic insulin sensitivity, increasing endogenous glucose production...
The effects of low-dose growth hormone in HIV-infected men with fat accumulation: a pilot studyJoan C Lo
Div of Endocrinology, General Clinical Research Center at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
Clin Infect Dis 39:732-5. 2004..Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) levels did not change significantly for the group as a whole, although a reduction in the VAT level was seen in patients with a greater VAT level at baseline...
Management of metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panelMorris Schambelan
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 31:257-75. 2002..These recommendations were developed to guide physicians actively involved in HIV care in the management of metabolic complications that occur primarily within the context of potent antiretroviral therapy...
Indinavir acutely inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans: a randomized, placebo-controlled studyMustafa A Noor
Department of Medicine, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
AIDS 16:F1-8. 2002..Our data are compatible with the hypothesis that an acute effect of indinavir on glucose disposal in humans is mediated by a direct blockade of GLUT-4 transporters...
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on fat distribution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated wastingViva W Tai
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
Clin Infect Dis 35:1258-62. 2002..Treatment with a pharmacologic dose of GH (0.1 mg/kg/day) resulted in significant and sustained increases in lean body mass and losses of fat in both the trunk and appendicular regions...
Creatine fails to augment the benefits from resistance training in patients with HIV infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studyGiorgos K Sakkas
Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
PLoS ONE 4:e4605. 2009..The objective of this study was to determine whether creatine supplementation augments the effects of PRT on muscle strength, energetics, and body composition in HIV-infected patients...
The relationship between nucleoside analogue treatment duration, insulin resistance, and fasting arterialized lactate level in patients with HIV infectionJoan C Lo
Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Clin Infect Dis 41:1335-40. 2005..We examined the association of NRTI treatment duration and lactate level in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and assessed the relationship of treatment duration and lactate level with insulin resistance...
Physical activity levels in patients on hemodialysis and healthy sedentary controlsK L Johansen
Divisions of Nephrology, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
Kidney Int 57:2564-70. 2000..The purpose of the current study was to determine whether patients on hemodialysis are less active than healthy sedentary controls and to explore clinical correlates of physical activity level in a group of hemodialysis patients...
Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in the Women's Interagency HIV StudyMagdalena E Sobieszczyk
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48:272-80. 2008..To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSynd) among participants of the Women's Interagency HIV Study and to describe the association of MetSynd with HIV infection, antiretroviral therapies, and sociodemographic factors...
HIV protease inhibitors increase adiponectin levels in HIV-negative menGrace A Lee
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 36:645-7. 2004
Glucose metabolism, lipid, and body fat changes in antiretroviral-naive subjects randomized to nelfinavir or efavirenz plus dual nucleosidesMichael P Dube
Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
AIDS 19:1807-18. 2005..To determine if particular components of antiretroviral drug regimens are associated with greater insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and peripheral lipoatrophy...
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on hepatic lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in HIV-infected patients with fat accumulationJean Marc Schwarz
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 3104, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:942. 2002..The combined implications of these positive and negative metabolic effects for cardiovascular disease risk remain unknown...
Effects of potent antiretroviral therapy on free testosterone levels and fat-free mass in men in a prospective, randomized trial: A5005s, a substudy of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 384Michael P Dube
Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
Clin Infect Dis 45:120-6. 2007..The effects of initiation of different antiretroviral regimens on testosterone levels and changes in fat-free mass have not been reported...
Long-term body fat outcomes in antiretroviral-naive participants randomized to nelfinavir or efavirenz or both plus dual nucleosides. Dual X-ray absorptiometry results from A5005s, a substudy of Adult Clinical Trials Group 384Michael P Dube
Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 45:508-14. 2007..Long-term regional body fat outcomes have not been well described in randomized antiretroviral drug trials...
The effect of long-term storage on measured plasma lactate concentrations and prospective lactate results from a multicenter trial of antiretroviral therapyMichael P Dube
Department of Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wishard Memorial Hospital, 1001 W 10th Street, Suite OPW 430, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
Clin Chem Lab Med 43:947-52. 2005..001 from baseline; p=0.04 for difference between groups over time). When performed as in this study, frozen storage with central batch lactate analysis is appropriate for prospectively collected samples in multicenter trials...
The association of bone mineral density with HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment in womenKathryn Anastos
Montefiore Medical Centre, Bronx, NY, USA
Antivir Ther 12:1049-58. 2007..Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in HIV-infected women and men...
Oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are unaffected by HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy in overweight womenAnn Danoff
Harbor Health Care Manhattan, VAH and New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 39:55-62. 2005..To assess the frequency of diabetes, prediabetes, and insulin resistance among a subset of participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS)...
Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virusSteven Grinspoon
Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
Clin Infect Dis 36:S69-78. 2003..Principles and guidelines for assessment and management of weight loss and wasting in patients with HIV/AIDS are presented...
The associations of regional adipose tissue with lipid and lipoprotein levels in HIV-infected menDavid Wohl
AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48:44-52. 2008..HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy are associated with dyslipidemia, but the association between regional adipose tissue depots and lipid levels is not defined...
Genetic analysis implicates resistin in HIV lipodystrophyKoustubh Ranade
Bristol Myers Squibb R and D, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 5400, USA
AIDS 22:1561-8. 2008..To investigate the role of genetic variation in influencing the risk of metabolic complications associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...
Hemochromatosis gene polymorphisms, mitochondrial haplogroups, and peripheral lipoatrophy during antiretroviral therapyTodd Hulgan
Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA
J Infect Dis 197:858-66. 2008..Mitochondrial haplogroups and hemochromatosis gene (HFE) polymorphisms have been associated with ART-induced neuropathy. We assessed relationships between these variants and lipoatrophy...
Contribution of metabolic and anthropometric abnormalities to cardiovascular disease risk factorsCarl Grunfeld
Circulation 118:e20-8. 2008
Cognitive change 5 years after coronary artery bypass surgeryJan Stygall
Unit of Health Psychology, Centre for Behavioural and Social Sciences in Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Health Psychol 22:579-86. 2003..Patients' vulnerability to short-term deterioration and resilience or ability to recover over a few weeks from operative cerebral insult are important processes of unknown mechanisms...
Research Grants
- METABOLIC EFFECTS OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS IN HIV DISEASEKathleen Mulligan; Fiscal Year: 2002....
