MICHAEL DAVID MORRIS

..Ex-vivo Raman spectroscopy of excised rat tibia supports the use of the probe for spectroscopy of various tissues. These results provide proof of principle that the Raman probe can be used in multiple spectroscopic applications...

..Raman spectroscopy has been used to evaluate alterations to bone composition associated with aging, disease, or injury...

..Image analysis revealed factors for tissue components and the embedding medium, glycol methacrylate, only. Thus, Raman imaging proved to be compatible with histological stains such as hematoxylin, eosin and toluidine blue...

..These novel results demonstrate great promise for in vivo applications for studying diseased bone tissue, and ways to optimize the setup are discussed...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate a novel mechanism through which prostate cancer cells may directly contribute to the osteoblastic component that characterize their skeletal metastatic lesions. Prostate 47:212-221, 2001...

..These results give new insight into the mechanisms and causes of bone failure at the ultrastructural level...

..Raman spectra were excited with a 2W 532 nm NdYVO4, laser as the excitation source, with collection of 1 spectrum per second. Even at 2.10(-5) M initial concentration, Raman spectra were obtained at a good signal-to-noise ratio...

..The use of high pressure Raman microspectroscopy enables a deeper understanding of the response of tissue to mechanical stress and demonstrates that individual mineral and matrix constituents respond differently to pressure...

..Results suggest that the chemical composition of bone tissue may be an additional risk factor for osteoporotic fracture...

..The use of electron multiplying couple charge detector (EMCCD) enables to acquire Raman spectra of bone tissues within 1-5 s range and to obtain Raman images less than in 10 min...

..3% at an integration time of 120 s and within 10% at a 30-s integration time. For chicken tibia 4 mm below the skin surface, the error is less than 8% with a 120-s integration time...

..These data indicate that anabolic actions of PTH in ectopic ossicles are temporally dependent on the BMSC implanted and suggest that cell implantation strategies are particularly responsive to PTH...

..The effect of the cartilage layer on collection of spectra is discussed. The technique proposed is capable of providing insight into the chemical changes that occur in subchondral bone on a molecular level...

..The carbonate content of apatite was calibrated to a carbonate Raman band, and the method was used to determine the carbonate content of a sample of bovine cortical bone, 7.7 +/- 0.4%...

..5 mm below the Teflon surface. The same protocols were used to recover canine bone spectra transcutaneously at depths up to 5 mm below the skin's surface. The recovered bone spectra were validated by exposed bone measurements...

..Diffuse emission tomography reconstruction was used, and the location that was recovered has been confirmed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images...

..Glycerol reduces the noise in the raw spectra (p=0.0037) and significantly improves the cross-correlation between the recovered bone factor and the exposed bone measurement in a low signal-to-noise region of the bone spectra (p=0.0245)...

..These data suggest an approach to elucidate the effects of biopolymers and dehydrated biofluids on SERS analysis...

..Considerably less contrast was found without the CT image to guide recovery. This study presents the first known IG-RS results from tissue and indicates that intrinsically high contrasts (on the order of a hundred fold) are available...

..Insights into the chemical species, the degree of mineralization, and the multiple mineral environments that are present in normal calvarial tissue will enable us to better understand both normal and abnormal mineralization processes...

..This adaptation is accomplished without a corresponding improvement in geometric resistance to bending, suggesting an improvement in matrix material properties...

..We detected increased levels of a transient phase resembling octacalcium phosphate in sutures undergoing premature suture closure...

..The mineral active response to loading may function as a local energy storage and dissipation mechanism, thus helping to protect tissue from catastrophic damage...

..An ordered structural water layer sandwiched between the mineral and the organic collagen fibers may affect the biomechanical properties of this complex composite material...

..This is the first report in which Raman microspectroscopy was used to study musculoskeletal disease. These data show how Raman microspectroscopy can be used to study subtle changes that occur in disease...

..In addition, FGF2-treated mouse sutures show a marked increase in mineral-to-matrix ratios compared to control mouse sutures, typical of increased mineralization...

..We recorded Raman spectra of both the mineral and organic phases of bone transcutaneously, a technology with potential to enhance bone quality and fracture risk assessment...

..An improvement in signal/noise ratio of the recovered spectra is also obtained...

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..These preliminary results suggest that Raman is capable of recognizing and measuring abnormality in eye collagen and may have potential as a diagnostic tool for ocular collagen damage...

..We have also established that reliable single-bead Raman spectra can be recorded in 10 ms, thus confirming that Raman mapping, in particular, could be a very fast method to classify the BCRs...

..Both univariate and multivariate methods will be used for data reduction. Systematic studies of age effects will be performed on murine tissue with exploratory work on human tissue at age extremes. ..

..With success of this phase of the project, extension to labeling cytoskeletal elements will be undertaken. ..

..With the multiple probe technology we will study the effect of mRNA secondary and tertiary structure on ribosome processivity and translation kinetics. ..

..The technology is also readily adapted to measurement of other important health indicators, including presence and extent of atherosclerotic plaque and levels of serum cholesterol. ..

..With the multiple probe technology we will study the effect of mRNA secondary and tertiary structure on ribosome processivity and translation kinetics. ..

..The information gained in this project will help in the design of new therapeutic agents for some of these diseases. ..

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..The technology is also readily adapted to measurement of other important health indicators, including presence and extent of atherosclerotic plaque and levels of serum cholesterol. ..

..Correlative immunohistological staining and Raman imaging will be used to understand the effects of bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin on the course of mineralization. ..

..The modulated signal will be insensitive to heating, capillary movement and certain detector response fluctuations. Greatly improved detection limits are expected...

..Raman microspectrometry will be used to investigate structural changes in polyacrylamide and other gels in capillaries, to determine the factors governing capillary life times...

..The concept will be tested on model protein separations, such as the serum proteins or commercial size standards. ..

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..Correlative immunohistological staining and Raman imaging will be used to understand the effects of bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin on the course of mineralization. ..

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