L H Kuller

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..The Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study has evaluated the determinants of dementia among 3,608 participants that had a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in 1991 and were followed to 1998-1999...

..Patients with AAA also had greater wall thickness and greater diameter of the iliac arteries, which are probably associated with the underlying disease process...

..However, the prevalence and risk factors for coronary artery calcification in populations >65 years have not been well studied...

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..The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of lower back pain and associated leg pain/numbness in postmenopausal Caucasian women and the relationship of these symptoms to health status and function...

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..Few studies have included enough younger postmenopausal women to examine risk factors specific to this group that were related to subclinical carotid atherosclerosis...

..Because the etiologies of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different, it is possible that some CAD in type 1 diabetes may be related to the coexistence of type 2 diabetes susceptibility (i.e., insulin resistance)...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the menopause transition is associated with accelerated subclinical atherosclerosis progression and that a diet/exercise intervention slows menopause-related atherosclerosis progression...

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..The effects of both surgery and menopausal status were evaluated...

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..We determined the relationship between apolipoprotein (Apo)E, MRI, and low cognitive scores...

..Fasting blood glucose levels were a weak predictor of incident coronary heart disease as were most other risk factors. Subclinical CVD was the primary determinant of clinical CVD among diabetics in the Cardiovascular Health Study...

..We take a unique approach by evaluating lumen and interadventitial diameters in addition to intima-media thickness and plaque...

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..To estimate the incidence and prevalence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) cohort...

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..The purpose of this study was to examine the choice to take HRT while participating in a lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk through the menopause...

..The positive association between body weight and bone mineral density (BMD) is well documented; in contrast, the effect of changes in body weight on BMD is not well understood, particularly, in normal-weight populations...

..29 mg/liter) compared with women not on HRT and in the lowest quartile of visceral fat (0.96 mg/liter). The use of HRT and measures of overall body fatness are important correlates of C-reactive protein among postmenopausal women...

..Physical activity was lower among the higher SES. We conclude that SES related changes in lifestyle contribute to substantially higher total and LDL-cholesterol even in a generally lean population consuming a low fat diet...

..Thus, risk factors evaluated premenopausally are powerful predictors of coronary and aortic calcification, a marker of atherosclerosis, measured 8 years after menopause, 11 years later in these women...

..The association of serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with lipids in different populations is not known...

..We sought to examine whether marine-derived n-3 fatty acids are associated with less atherosclerosis in Japanese versus white populations in the U.S...

..However, the association of marine n-3 FAs with plasma fibrinogen, a risk factor for CVD, remains uncertain...

..The objective of this study was to determine at which levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure the relative risks of type 1 diabetic complications increase significantly...

..The Rose Questionnaire for IC is specific for PAD, but a negative questionnaire does not indicate a lack of symptoms, rather the presence of PAD along with other conditions that can cause pain...

..Eighty percent of intervention participants compared to 45% of controls were at or under baseline weight at 18 months, suggesting that promoting modest weight loss may be an effective approach to preventing weight gain in these women...

..To describe the neuropsychological characteristics of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subgroups identified in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) cognition study...

..Trait optimism (positive future expectations) and cynical, hostile attitudes toward others have not been studied together in relation to incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in postmenopausal women...

..Our aim is to evaluate the association between both these measures of arterial stiffness and coronary calcification (CAC), in overweight/obese postmenopausal women, without apparent cardiovascular disease...

..4% for black women. CONCLUSION: The CHS has developed a methodology for longitudinal studies of dementia in large cohorts and represents the largest study of dementia including cognitive testing, MRI and genetic markers...

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..Higher BMI was associated with lower brain volumes in overweight and obese elderly subjects. Obesity is therefore associated with detectable brain volume deficits in cognitively normal elderly subjects...

..Lack of clear understanding remains on the overlapping atrophy patterns of aging and early Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in gray matter (GM) of the brain in vivo...

..Both coronary and aortic calcium were significantly associated with premenopausal cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, progression of coronary and aortic calcium using EBT can be observed over a short time in healthy middle- aged women...

..Because of the multiracial population living in Hawaii, it is an ideal state in which to study the effect of migration on IDDM incidence...

..The amount of calcium ingested by an individual may affect several chronic conditions, including osteoporosis, hypertension, and colon cancer. However, individuals vary in their ability to absorb the calcium they consume...

..This report compares the prevalence and degree of carotid atherosclerosis between 292 premenopausal women and 294 women at 5 to 8 years after menopause...

..These results suggest that allelic variation at the CYP17 locus may contribute to the genetic influence on stature and femoral size in men...

..Observational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a primary prevention trial...

..Ginkgo biloba is widely used for its potential effects on memory and cognition. To date, adequately powered clinical trials testing the effect of G. biloba on dementia incidence are lacking...

..These observations provide clues for future mechanistic studies...

..While high adiposity in middle age appears to be related to greater dementia risk, studies exploring this association in the elderly are conflicting...

..Older women with low bone mineral density (BMD) have a decreased incidence of breast cancer. It is not known whether this association is confined to early-stage, slow-growing tumors...

..Thus, for middle-aged women going through the menopausal transition, it is never too late to reduce their cardiovascular risk by increasing their activity level...

..To examine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its diagnostic classification in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Cognition Study...

..To examine the risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a longitudinal population study-the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study...

..CONCLUSIONS: PAI-1 levels were significantly lower in American than in Japanese men and the determinants of PAI-1 levels differ for American and Japanese men aged 40-49...

..To determine the effectiveness of treatment with conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) or with CEE combined with progestin (CEE + P) on age-related macular degeneration (AMD)...

..We evaluated whether pessimists are more likely to show progression in carotid disease than optimists...

..This study's objective was to determine if the association between physical activity and lipids and lipoprotein subclasses in postmenopausal women varies by hormone therapy (HT) use...

..To determine the associations between depression, cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in women with SLE and controls...

..It is important to understand the early development of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women to prevent costly morbidity and mortality associated with CVD events...

..Cross-sectional results indicate that reduced GMV may be associated with excess body weight...

..This study was designed to assess the role of this polymorphism in breast cancer susceptibility in Nigerian women...

..This model of increased risk of breast cancer associated with BMD and HRT needs to be evaluated within clinical trials and larger observational studies that include measures of BMD...

..The subclinical measures should include those primarily associated with the progression of atherosclerosis and the pathophysiology of elevated blood pressure...

..It is most likely that the post World War II cohorts (1950+) have been more exposed. We hypothesize that there would be an increase in mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) in men aged 35-44 in these countries...

..S.). We examined whether the differences in D-dimer and vWF levels are associated with differences in atherosclerosis between the two populations...

..We hypothesized that increased HIV-RNA levels following ART interruption induced activation of tissue factor pathways, thrombosis, and fibrinolysis...

..Studies of prostate cancer etiology and chemoprevention need to focus on middle-aged or younger men with longer follow-up...

..Further study is needed to investigate the impact of a decline in mental health and social functioning on future weight regain...

..We aimed to evaluate levels of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary risk factors in Korean and Japanese men in the post-World War II birth cohort...

..A similar pattern was observed for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Mechanisms to explain the observed relations deserve further study...

..Long-term health characteristics and quality of life in patients with breast implants are important issues in plastic surgery...

..The majority of decedents were white females who remained morbidly obese after bariatric surgery. Only 2 decedents died of direct inadvertent/accidental surgical complications...

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..When adjusted for age and Lp(a) concentration, logistic regression analysis indicated that small apo(a) isoforms were associated with CHD deaths among smokers (OR 3.31; 95% CI 1.07-10.28)...

..To compare the characteristics of older women who did and did not have screening mammograms and Pap smears during the first two years both services were a Medicare Part B benefit...

..Homocyst(e)ine levels were weakly associated with the acute-phase protein (C-reactive protein). These results are discussed with respect to the suggestion that homocyst(e)ine is an independent risk factor for heart disease...

..Physical activity was not significantly associated with a decreased rate of periventricular or deep WML progression...

..These findings not only have direct implications for adequate classification and treatment of diabetes in the elderly, but also for understanding the autoimmune/inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia...

..These women experienced a lower risk of fractures, disability, and mortality, suggesting that this phenotype may be a marker of successful aging...

..The current paper presents an integrative hypothesis of the synergistic relationship of T(3) and insulin in metabolic homeostasis and abnormalities...

..Recently, several papers reported the ethnic difference in the ghrelin levels. To our knowledge, however, no studies have compared the serum ghrelin levels between Caucasians in the USA and the Japanese in Japan...

..The present study validated the hypothetical model in a sample of 110 African-American women...

..Careful study of such cohorts may help identify novel risk factors for CHD, and contribute to the formulation of new preventive strategies..

..In this review, we will discuss several vascular imaging techniques and the current trend away from measuring flow-limiting vessel stenosis toward measuring earlier structural and functional aspects of the vascular system...

..This report evaluates the association between stress-induced hemodynamic responses and carotid atherosclerosis in 254 healthy postmenopausal women...

..In this article, we evaluated the prospective association between measures of trait anger, hostility, and anxiety and indices of carotid atherosclerosis in 200 healthy middle-aged postmenopausal women...

..In this paper, we present the results of changes in risk factors by use of hormone therapy (HT) at 18 months in the Women On the Move through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) randomized trial...

..The lack of association between obesity and the IGF-1 axis suggests that the IGF-1 axis is not a likely mediator between VAT and disease...

..Shared risk factors could be targeted for prevention of premature death and the study of longevity...

..In the Cardiovascular Health Study, subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CVD events in older adults. The extent to which this measure or its components reflect calcified coronary disease is unknown...

..The purpose of this study was to compare stroke incidence and mortality rates in 4 US communities...

..Careful monitoring of the evolving epidemic of CHD, including noninvasive evaluation of atherosclerosis, is important. A high-risk approach is very successful but expensive...

..Adiponectin may serve as a promising quantitative intermediate trait in studies designed to map the genes underlying diabetes and obesity in this population...

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..Women with lower premenopausal risk factors did not develop high levels of subclinical atherosclerosis, suggesting that atherosclerosis is a preventable disease in women...

..03 and 0.007, respectively). Our results suggest a novel association between common nonsynonymous coding variants in CPT1B and ectopic skeletal muscle fat among middle-aged and older African ancestry men...

..The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial. We conducted this study to determine and quantify this association...

..The CCA-IMT was more strongly related to stroke than CAC, but CAC was also a predictor of stroke...

..However, nearly 20% of older adults remain at high risk of heart disease and stroke from untreated ISH...

..Month-to-month variation in physical activity levels in a cohort of postmenopausal women participating in a single site clinical trial undergoing lifestyle intervention was investigated before and after lifestyle intervention...

..In spite of negative studies, the possibility remains that statin therapy may reduce risk of dementia and AD. Primary prevention trials are difficult and expensive and will likely not be done in the United States...