Boris P Kovatchev

..0001). SMBG data allow for computing and frequent updating of various idiosyncratic diabetes characteristics and risk factors. The use of such computations may assist in optimizing patients' glycemic control...

..As a result, important information about the temporal structure of the data is lost during the translation of raw sensor readings into clinically interpretable statistics and images...

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..Thus, temporal variability methods are discussed for the analysis and interpretation of CGM output...

..The purpose of this study was to compare the numerical and clinical accuracy of four continuous glucose monitors (CGMs): Guardian, DexCom, Navigator, and Glucoday...

..Post hoc analysis indicated that the classification utility of the CI diminished with age. A CI below 40% could be a discriminating, reliable, and reproducible marker of ADHD in young boys...

..It is therefore important to design variability measures that are equally predictive of low and high blood glucose excursions...

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..However, the presented results should be interpreted cautiously because they are based on retrospective analysis and are heavily dependent on the distribution of blood glucose levels observed in a particular data set...

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..SMBG data allow for accurate estimation of the two most important markers of metabolic control in T1DM and T2DM - HbA(1c) and risk for hypoglycemia...

..This study was designed to determine whether pramlintide added to insulin therapy reduced the risks associated with extreme blood glucose (BG) fluctuations in patients with type 1 diabetes...

..To test the effect of an automated system providing real-time estimates of HbA(1c), glucose variability, and risk for hypoglycemia...

..This study introduces a new method for graphical and numerical evaluation of time lags typically associated with subcutaneous glucose sensing, based on Poincaré-type plot and a maximum statistical agreement criterion...

..In 2008-2009, the first multinational study was completed comparing closed-loop control (artificial pancreas) to state-of-the-art open-loop therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)...

..002). We conclude that SAA is a useful new mathematical technique for detecting the abnormal heart rate characteristics that precede neonatal sepsis and SIRS...

..This study prospectively and objectively assessed the effects of hyperglycemia on cognitive-motor functioning in subjects' natural environment...

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..Prevention of severe hypoglycemia (SH) is premised partially on the ability to accurately anticipate its occurrence. This study prospectively tests methods for predicting SH using blood glucose meter readings...

..For insulin therapy to successfully maintain blood glucose (BG) levels of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in normoglycemia, it is necessary to understand if the metabolic effect of insulin across the BG range is linear or not...

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..This increased risk appears to be attributable to a subgroup of drivers with type 1 diabetes. The hypothesis tested is that this vulnerable subgroup is more at risk for hypoglycemia and its disruptive effects on driving...

..The continuous glucose error-grid analysis (CG-EGA) was used to evaluate sensor inaccuracy from a clinical point of view...

..This review focuses on the mathematical and statistical time series approaches used to detect these abnormal heart rate characteristics and present predictive monitoring information to the clinician...

..Conversely, symptoms caused by the stress of driving may be confused with hypoglycemia and lead to false alarms. This study examined the metabolic demand and the physiological stress of driving on type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) drivers...

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..More specifically, the algorithm presented here is formulated as a component of the independent safety system module proposed in the modular control-to-range architecture...

..To date, however, many of these interventions have not been grounded in theory or developed from behavior change models, and no overarching model to explain behavior change in Internet interventions has yet been published...

..These effects could have a significant effect on the cross-interpretation of nonidentical accuracy studies...

..As with any health care intervention, patients' lack of compliance is a barrier to the effectiveness of Web-based information prescriptions (WebIPs). WebIPs cannot be helpful if patients do not review the information prescribed for them...

..The use of a new personalized model predictive control (MPC) algorithm to determine insulin doses to achieve and maintain BG levels between 70 and 140 mg/dl overnight and to control postprandial BG levels is presented...

..To compare the clinical accuracy of two different continuous glucose sensors (CGS) during euglycemia and hypoglycemia using continuous glucose-error grid analysis (CG-EGA)...

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..With this study, we prospectively examined which treatments primary care physicians prescribe to children who present for the first time with constipation and how effective those treatments are...

..These findings suggest that a structured, specialized psycho-educational treatment program (HAATT) can be highly effective in managing hypoglycemia...

..Internet interventions may be an effective way of delivering sophisticated behavioral interventions to a large and dispersed population in a convenient format...

..This study investigated whether a once-daily, long-acting, osmotic, controlled-release MPH formulation improves the driving performance of ADHD adolescents while driving their own car on an actual road segment...

..5 hours post-dose. However, little is known about the effects of different MPH delivery profiles on driving performance throughout the day...

..To compare short- and long-term effectiveness of three additive treatment protocols in children experiencing chronic encopresis...

..3-h-interval, multiphasic, volleylike male GH pattern into a femalelike profile with irregular pulses of higher frequency...

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..Information is presented on how to obtain assistance with the use of CG-EGA...

..04), suggesting possible rebound. During both late simulator and on-road testing, driving performance variance was approximately 300% greater during the se-AMPH ER compared to the OROS MPH condition...

..These methods should facilitate the extraction of information from, and the interpretation of, complex and voluminous CGM time series...

..In the present study, variability parameters were used to assess effects of exenatide and insulin glargine on risk of acute blood glucose extremes...

..Studies have demonstrated that stimulants improve driving performance. This study compared 2 long-acting stimulant medications during daytime and evening driving evaluations...

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..This study tests the hypotheses that manual transmission, compared to automatic transmission, would be associated with better attention and performance on a driving simulator...

..Our goal was to evaluate drinking behavior before initiating a randomized, double-blind pharmacotherapy clinical trial for alcohol dependence...

..The main goal of the study was to relate blood glucose (BG) variability of burn ICU patients to outcomes using a sensitive measure of glycemic variability, the average daily risk range (ADRR)...

..Driving a virtual reality simulator is associated with increased glucose utilization rates suggesting that driving per se has a metabolic cost and that BG should be measured prior to driving and periodically during long drives...

..For the clinician, the incursion of mathematical models that simulate normal and pathophysiological mechanisms of glycemic control is a reality and should be also gradually incorporated into clinical practice...

..The purpose of this work is to analyze the effects of pulsatile injections of modern insulins on plasma insulin levels compared with a continuous insulin infusion...

..Mothers were significantly more discerning than children. CONCLUSION: The VECAT is a reliable, valid, discriminating, and sensitive test. Bowel-specific problems appear to best differentiate children with and without encopresis...

..This review focuses on interactions between the technical, immunological, and metabolic barriers that must be overcome to optimize the success of this important therapeutic approach...

..The use of such methods has the potential to enable optimal glycemic control in diabetes and, in the future, artificial pancreas systems...

..A modular approach will also permit incremental testing and deployment of system features, which will structure and facilitate the progress towards the automated closed-loop control commonly known as artificial pancreas. ..

..A modular approach will also permit incremental testing and deployment of system features, which will structure and facilitate the progress towards the automated closed-loop control commonly known as artificial pancreas. ..

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..Provide dynamic interpretation of continuous BG monitoring data with the goal to forecast the BG fluctuations, and especially the risk for hypoglycemia, within 30 minutes. ..

..Phase 3 will validate these protocols using data from ongoing studies at the University of Virginia, the Joslin Diabetes Center, and Amylin Pharmaceuticals. ..

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