Research Topics
| William H KarasovSummaryAffiliation: University of Wisconsin Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Field exposure of frog embryos and tadpoles along a pollution gradient in the Fox River and Green Bay ecosystem in Wisconsin, UsaWilliam H Karasov
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 24:942-53. 2005..Other environmental factors that were present but unmeasured in the field, such as ultraviolet-B radiation as well as water flow and level fluctuations, might have caused differences in hatching success at the field sites...
Capacity for absorption of water-soluble secondary metabolites greater in birds than in rodentsWilliam H Karasov
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Russell Laboratories, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
PLoS ONE 7:e32417. 2012....- Bioenergetic and pharmacokinetic model for exposure of common loon (Gavia immer) chicks to methylmercuryWilliam H Karasov
Department of Wildlife Ecology, 226 Russell Labs, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 26:677-85. 2007..The model also may be useful for predicting Hg levels in adults and in the eggs that they lay, but its accuracy in both chicks and adults needs to be tested in free-living birds... - Anatomical and histological changes in the alimentary tract of migrating blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla): a comparison among fed, fasted, food-restricted, and refed birdsWilliam H Karasov
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 77:149-60. 2004..have excess digestive capacity, it may also be that the physiological process or processes limiting very high feeding rate lie elsewhere than in the digestive system... 
Digestive physiology: a view from molecules to ecosystemWilliam H Karasov
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301:R276-84. 2011..The quantitative details can be used to set regulatory levels for mercury that will protect wildlife...- Ecological physiology of diet and digestive systemsWilliam H Karasov
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 53706, USA
Annu Rev Physiol 73:69-93. 2011..The microbiome seems to be characterized by large beta diversity among hosts and by a common core metagenome and seems to differ flexibly among animals with different diets... - Digestive response to restricted feeding in migratory yellow-rumped warblersKelly A Lee
Zoology Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 75:314-23. 2002..Digestive efficiency did not differ between groups. These results suggest that before migration yellow-rumped warblers have some spare digestive capacity to compensate for declines in their digestive organ masses during migration... - Effect of age and diet on total and paracellular glucose absorption in nestling house sparrowsPaweł Brzęk
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 83:501-11. 2010.... - Fully reversible phenotypic plasticity of digestive physiology in young house sparrows: lack of long-term effect of early diet compositionPawel Brzek
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Exp Biol 214:2755-60. 2011..However, comparison with other species suggests that the magnitude of digestive flexibility in young passerines may be evolutionarily matched to species-specific variation in feeding conditions... - The oral bioavailability and toxicokinetics of methylmercury in common loon (Gavia immer) chicksFrancois Fournier
Department of Wildlife Ecology, 226 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 133:703-14. 2002..The results of this study highlight the importance of feather growth on the toxicokinetics of methylmercury... - Growth and development of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in response to chronic food restriction throughout the nestling periodTess L Killpack
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Exp Biol 215:1806-15. 2012.... - Developmental adjustments of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) nestlings to diet compositionPaweł Brzęk
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Exp Biol 212:1284-93. 2009..Future studies must test whether the diet-dependent increase in maltase activity during development is irreversible or reversible, reflecting, respectively, a developmental plasticity or a phenotypic flexibility... - Low plasticity in digestive physiology constrains feeding ecology in diet specialist, zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)Paweł Brzęk
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Exp Biol 213:798-807. 2010..We hypothesize that this difference might reflect the lack of a diet switch during ontogeny or result from high specialization to a narrow diet niche... - Pancreatic and intestinal carbohydrases are matched to dietary starch level in wild passerine birdsKevin D Kohl
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 84:195-203. 2011..We hypothesize that the need for nitrogen and essential amino acids can prevent the evolution of a low activity of proteases, even in species feeding on a low-protein diet... - The integration of digestion and osmoregulation in the avian gutTodd J McWhorter
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 84:533-65. 2009..The coincident impacts of these changes on osmoregulatory or immune function of the gut are poorly understood... - Morphometrics of the avian small intestine compared with that of nonflying mammals: a phylogenetic approachShana R Lavin
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 81:526-50. 2008..e., a reduced spare capacity)... - Assessment of radiolabeled D-glucose and the nonmetabolizable analog 3-O-methyl-D-glucose as tools for in vivo absorption studiesTodd J McWhorter
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53717, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 83:376-84. 2010.... - Hummingbirds rely on both paracellular and carrier-mediated intestinal glucose absorption to fuel high metabolismTodd J McWhorter
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Biol Lett 2:131-4. 2006..Even while possessing the highest active glucose transport rates measured in vertebrates, hummingbirds must rely partially on passive non-mediated intestinal nutrient absorption to meet their high mass-specific metabolic demands... - Mechanistic bases for differences in passive absorptionShana R Lavin
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Exp Biol 210:2754-64. 2007..8 A (M(r) ca. 350), and permeability to smaller molecules at the tissue level is higher in pigeons than in rats... - Allometry of paracellular absorption in birdsShana R Lavin
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Physiol Biochem Zool 81:551-60. 2008.... - Sublethal effects of lead on northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) tadpolesTe Hao Chen
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 25:1383-9. 2006..According to our results, the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency freshwater-quality chronic criterion for lead (2.5 microg/L) is appropriate to protect northern leopard frog larvae... - Lethal and sublethal effects of chronic cadmium exposure on northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) tadpolesJackson A Gross
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 26:1192-7. 2007..However, additional studies with other chemicals are needed to further explore the potential for adverse effects of contaminants on the complex life cycle of amphibians... - Effects of chronic polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure on gonadal development in the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiensNathan D Van Schmidt
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 31:347-54. 2012..No intersex or increased incidence of gonadal abnormality were detected. These findings indicate that PBDEs may disrupt sexual differentiation in frogs at low, environmentally relevant concentrations... - Critical period of sensitivity for effects of cadmium on frog growth and developmentJackson A Gross
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 28:1227-32. 2009.... - Chronic, dietary polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure affects survival, growth, and development of Rana pipiens tadpolesTawnya L Cary Coyle
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Russell Labs Rm 120, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 29:133-41. 2010..At environmentally relevant levels, PBDEs induced mortality as well as sublethal effects on developing tadpoles through dietary exposure... - Paracellular nutrient absorption in a gum-feeding new world primate, the common marmoset Callithrix jacchusTodd J McWhorter
Department of Wildlife Ecology, 226 Russell Labs, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
Am J Primatol 69:1399-411. 2007.... - Do salivary proline-rich proteins counteract dietary hydrolyzable tannin in laboratory rats?Michele M Skopec
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
J Chem Ecol 30:1679-92. 2004..001, respectively). Production of PRPs increased the amount of PGG excreted intact in the feces but at the cost of diminishing apparent dry matter and nitrogen digestibility... - Intestinal perfusion indicates high reliance on paracellular nutrient absorption in an insectivorous bat Tadarida brasiliensisEdwin R Price
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA Electronic address
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 164:351-5. 2013.... - Ontogeny of adaptive antibody response to a model antigen in captive altricial zebra finchesTess L Killpack
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
PLoS ONE 7:e47294. 2012..Findings from this study contribute fundamental knowledge to the fields of developmental immunology and ecological immunology and strengthen the utility of zebra finches as a model organism for future studies of immune ontogeny... - A new method to measure intestinal activity of P-glycoprotein in avian and mammalian speciesAdam K Green
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Comp Physiol [B] 175:57-66. 2005..Among fungal metabolites, sterigmatocystin (5 microM), but not aflatoxin B1 (5 microM), significantly increased digoxin accumulation... - Adverse effects of chronic copper exposure in larval northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens)Te Hao Chen
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 26:1470-5. 2007..The existing U.S. Environmental Protection Agency freshwater-quality chronic criterion for copper appears to be protective for larval Rana pipiens... - Hibernation in warm hibernacula by free-ranging Formosan leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros terasensis, in subtropical TaiwanJian Nan Liu
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
J Comp Physiol B 181:125-35. 2011..Adult bats lost an average of 13-14% of body mass during an approximately 70-day hibernation period. We suggest that H. terasensis might have remarkably low torpid metabolic rates during hibernation... - Intestinal capacity of P-glycoprotein is higher in the juniper specialist, Neotoma stephensi, than the sympatric generalist, Neotoma albigulaAdam K Green
Department of Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 1630 Linden Dr, WI 53706, USA
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 139:325-33. 2004..stephensi, exhibiting a 2.4 fold higher capacity than the generalist, N. albigula. This result suggests that Pgp may play a role in the ability of N. stephensi to tolerate juniper... - Distribution and accumulation of mercury in tissues of captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicksKevin P Kenow
U S Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, 2630 Fanta Reed Road, La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603, USA
Environ Toxicol Chem 26:1047-55. 2007..82-0.93) with internal tissues. We supply regression models that may be used to provide perspective and a useful means of interpreting the variety of measures of Hg exposure reported in the literature... - How the house sparrow Passer domesticus absorbs glucoseMin-Hwang Chang
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
J Exp Biol 207:3109-21. 2004.... - Effects of methyl mercury exposure on the growth of juvenile common loonsKevin P Kenow
US Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, 2630 Fanta Reed Road, La Crosse, WI 54603, USA
Ecotoxicology 12:171-82. 2003..Lake-source effects suggest that in ovo exposure to methyl mercury or other factors related to lake pH have consequences on chick development... - Effect of mono-ortho and di-ortho substituted polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners on leopard frog survival and sexual developmentMariana Beatriz Jofré
Area de Biología, Departamento de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
Chemosphere 70:1609-19. 2008..The effects of PCB congeners on sexual differentiation occur at concentrations higher than observed in frogs in the Fox River/Green Bay ecosystem... - The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: high intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller gutsEnrique Caviedes Vidal
Laboratorio de Biología Prof E Caviedes Codelia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, and Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luís Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:19132-7. 2007..It appears that reduced intestinal size and relatively enhanced intestinal paracellular absorption can be added to the suite of adaptations that have evolved in actively flying vertebrates... - Drinking water boosts food intake rate, body mass increase and fat accumulation in migratory blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla)Ido Tsurim
Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P O Box 653, 84105 Beersheba, Israel
Oecologia 156:21-30. 2008..Restricted water availability may also impede the blackcap's dietary shift from insectivory to frugivory, a shift probably necessary for successful pre-migratory fattening... 
Paracellular absorption: a bat breaks the mammal paradigmEnrique Caviedes-Vidal
Laboratorio de Biología Prof E Caviedes Codelia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET, San Luis, Argentina
PLoS ONE 3:e1425. 2008....- Absorption of sugars in the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus): a paradox explainedChristopher R Tracy
Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel
J Exp Biol 210:1726-34. 2007..We estimated that Egyptian fruit bats rely on passive, paracellular absorption for the majority of their glucose absorption (at least 55% of 3OMD-glucose absorption), much more than in non-flying mammals... - Oxidative stress induced in PCB 126-exposed northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiensYue Wern Huang
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409 1120, USA
J Toxicol Environ Health A 70:676-81. 2007..A similar delay in response was reported in fish and may relate to lower metabolic rate and physiological reactions in ectothermic vertebrates... - Electroaffinity in paracellular absorption of hydrophilic D-dipeptides by sparrow intestineJuan G Chediack
Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, , Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Casilla de Correos 226, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
J Comp Physiol [B] 176:303-9. 2006..30+/-0.05 vs. F=0.17+/-0.03). These findings give the first evidence of cation selectivity by the paracellular route in the absorption of hydrosoluble solutes in the small intestine in birds... - Latitudinal trends in digestive flexibility: testing the climatic variability hypothesis with data on the intestinal length of rodentsDaniel E Naya
Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity and Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, CP 6513677, Chile
Am Nat 172:E122-34. 2008..When seen from the perspective of digestive physiology, our analysis is an important piece of evidence on the adaptive value of digestive flexibility in small mammals... - Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) resin increases water demands and reduces energy availability in desert woodrats (Neotoma lepida)Antonio M Mangione
Departamento de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
J Chem Ecol 30:1409-29. 2004..The increased water requirement and energy losses of woodrats consuming a diet with resin could have notable ecological consequences...