Within-subject comparison of real and hypothetical money rewards in delay discountingMatthe W Johnson
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401 1419, USA
J Exp Anal Behav 77:129-46. 2002
..A hyperbolic decay model described the data better than an exponential model...
The behavioral economics of cigarette smoking: The concurrent presence of a substitute and an independent reinforcerM W Johnson
University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Vermont 05401 1419, USA
Behav Pharmacol 14:137-44. 2003
..The results highlight the potential for an independent reinforcer such as money to be more effective at reducing drug use than a pharmacological substitute...
Substitutes for tobacco smoking: a behavioral economic analysis of nicotine gum, denicotinized cigarettes, and nicotine-containing cigarettesMatthew W Johnson
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 38 Fletcher Place, Burlington, VT 05401 1419, USA
Drug Alcohol Depend 74:253-64. 2004
..Furthermore, these findings indicate that alternative reinforcement would be most effective in smoking cessation treatment when combined with high prices for cigarettes...
Moderate drug use and delay discounting: a comparison of heavy, light, and never smokersMatthew W Johnson
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224 6823, USA
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 15:187-94. 2007
..These data suggest that even moderate levels of drug use may be associated with high delay discounting levels...
Replacing relative reinforcing efficacy with behavioral economic demand curvesMatthew W Johnson
University of Vermont, USA
J Exp Anal Behav 85:73-93. 2006
..The demand curve analysis illustrates why concordance between traditional measures is expected under some experimental conditions but not others...
Delay discounting in currently using and currently abstinent cocaine-dependent outpatients and non-drug-using matched controlsSarah H Heil
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA
Addict Behav 31:1290-4. 2006
..These data replicate previous work in cocaine-dependent and other substance abusers compared to non-drug-using controls and suggest that a longer period of abstinence may be required to modify discounting in this population...
Relative abuse liability of hypnotic drugs: a conceptual framework and algorithm for differentiating among compoundsRoland R Griffiths
Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Clin Psychiatry 66:31-41. 2005
....
Relationship between cooperation in an iterated prisoner's dilemma game and the discounting of hypothetical outcomesRichard Yi
University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
Learn Behav 33:324-36. 2005
..Correlations between rate of probability-discounting and cooperation rate in a repeated prisoner's dilemma game versus neither a tit-for-tat nor a random strategy were significant...
Decision-making in state lotteries: half now or all of it later?Forest Baker
University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
Psychon Bull Rev 10:965-70. 2003
..These findings suggest that real-world choices involving large sums of money may be subject to diminishing marginal utility and probability and delay discounting...
Delay discounting in current and never-before cigarette smokers: similarities and differences across commodity, sign, and magnitudeForest Baker
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA
J Abnorm Psychol 112:382-92. 2003
..Current smokers' delay discount rates for monetary outcomes, however, were higher than never-before smokers across all magnitudes and both signs. This trend was also found for delayed health outcomes, but failed to reach significance...
An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic delay-discounting dataMatthew W Johnson
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224 6823, USA
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 16:264-74. 2008
..The algorithm may be used in empirical investigations to improve discounting methodology, and may be used to identify outliers to be removed from analyses...