Howard N Hodis

Summary

Affiliation: University of Southern California
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    H N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 132, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Ann Intern Med 135:939-53. 2001
  2. ncbi Hormone therapy and the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    N Engl J Med 349:535-45. 2003
  3. ncbi Long-term effect of estrogen replacement on plasma nitric oxide levels: results from the estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis trial (EPAT)
    Juliana Hwang
    University of Southern California Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Atherosclerosis 181:375-80. 2005
  4. ncbi Antiatherosclerosis interventions in women
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Am J Cardiol 90:17F-21F. 2002
  5. ncbi Alpha-tocopherol supplementation in healthy individuals reduces low-density lipoprotein oxidation but not atherosclerosis: the Vitamin E Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (VEAPS)
    Howard N Hodis
    Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
    Circulation 106:1453-9. 2002
  6. ncbi Determinants of the effect of estrogen on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Menopause 12:366-73. 2005
  7. ncbi Replication of calpain-10 genetic association with carotid intima-media thickness
    Mark O Goodarzi
    Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
    Atherosclerosis 205:503-5. 2009
  8. ncbi Effect of thiazolidinedione treatment on progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in premenopausal women at high risk for type 2 diabetes
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Room 6602 GNH, 1200 North State Street, Los Angeles, California 90089-9317, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1986-91. 2005
  9. ncbi Associations between markers of inflammation and physiological and pharmacological levels of circulating sex hormones in postmenopausal women
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Menopause 17:785-90. 2010
  10. ncbi Effect of pioglitazone on progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-diabetic premenopausal Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
    Atherosclerosis 199:207-14. 2008

Detail Information

Publications72

  1. ncbi Estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    H N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 132, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Ann Intern Med 135:939-53. 2001
    ....
  2. ncbi Hormone therapy and the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    N Engl J Med 349:535-45. 2003
    ..Whether 17beta-estradiol (the endogenous estrogen molecule) alone or administered sequentially with medroxyprogesterone acetate can slow the progression of atherosclerosis is unknown...
  3. ncbi Long-term effect of estrogen replacement on plasma nitric oxide levels: results from the estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis trial (EPAT)
    Juliana Hwang
    University of Southern California Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Atherosclerosis 181:375-80. 2005
    ..In this study, we found no evidence for an estrogen-induced effect on plasma total NO levels which unlikely accounted for the mechanism underlying the 17beta-estradiol atheroprotective effect on subclinical atherosclerosis progression...
  4. ncbi Antiatherosclerosis interventions in women
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Am J Cardiol 90:17F-21F. 2002
    ..Powerful imaging tools for monitoring atherosclerosis progression exist that can be used to help address many questions relating to type, dose, regimen, and timing of HRT...
  5. ncbi Alpha-tocopherol supplementation in healthy individuals reduces low-density lipoprotein oxidation but not atherosclerosis: the Vitamin E Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (VEAPS)
    Howard N Hodis
    Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
    Circulation 106:1453-9. 2002
    ..In contrast, randomized controlled trials have reported conflicting results as to whether vitamin E supplementation reduces atherosclerosis progression and CVD events...
  6. ncbi Determinants of the effect of estrogen on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Menopause 12:366-73. 2005
    ..Although women randomized to estradiol showed improvement in all the markers of carbohydrate metabolism, these factors did not play a significant role in carotid IMT progression...
  7. ncbi Replication of calpain-10 genetic association with carotid intima-media thickness
    Mark O Goodarzi
    Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
    Atherosclerosis 205:503-5. 2009
    ..A prior study in Hispanics found association of haplotypes in the diabetes gene calpain-10 (CAPN10) with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). This study sought to replicate this association in an independent cohort...
  8. ncbi Effect of thiazolidinedione treatment on progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in premenopausal women at high risk for type 2 diabetes
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Room 6602 GNH, 1200 North State Street, Los Angeles, California 90089-9317, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1986-91. 2005
    ..Troglitazone reduced the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis via a mechanism that involved unmeasured mediators of atherosclerosis, either in the circulation or directly in the arterial wall...
  9. ncbi Associations between markers of inflammation and physiological and pharmacological levels of circulating sex hormones in postmenopausal women
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Menopause 17:785-90. 2010
    ..It is not known how sex hormone concentrations relate to the markers of inflammation in postmenopausal women taking or not taking hormone therapy...
  10. ncbi Effect of pioglitazone on progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-diabetic premenopausal Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
    Atherosclerosis 199:207-14. 2008
    ..Pioglitazone slows progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in young Hispanic women at increased risk for type 2 diabetes...
  11. ncbi Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) cosegregates with blood pressure and renal function in hypertensive Hispanic families
    Yi Chun Chen
    Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
    Atherosclerosis 198:160-5. 2008
    ..Since cIMT is correlated with hypertension and microalbuminuria, we tested the hypothesis that there is a genetic basis for the observed relationship between cIMT, blood pressure (BP), and renal function within high risk families...
  12. ncbi Pharmacological treatment of insulin resistance at two different stages in the evolution of type 2 diabetes: impact on glucose tolerance and beta-cell function
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:2846-51. 2004
    ..These findings highlight the role of insulin resistance in the genesis of progressive beta-cell dysfunction during the evolution of type 2 diabetes...
  13. ncbi High-dose B vitamin supplementation and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif 90033, USA
    Stroke 40:730-6. 2009
    ..We determined whether reduction of tHcy levels with B vitamin supplementation reduces subclinical atherosclerosis progression...
  14. ncbi Effect of antihypertensive therapy on progression of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Ling Zheng
    Department of Neurology, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Am J Cardiol 99:956-60. 2007
    ..The antiatherogenic effect of antihypertensive agents, including BP normalization and possible direct vascular wall protection, can be detected by CIMT progression using B-mode ultrasound in patients with DM...
  15. ncbi Relationship between serum levels of sex hormones and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, CHP Suite 222R, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:131-8. 2008
    ..Postmenopausal hormone therapy has been examined extensively in relation to cardiovascular disease. However, research relating serum levels of sex hormones to cardiovascular disease is sparse, and the results are inconclusive...
  16. ncbi Association of the diabetes gene calpain-10 with subclinical atherosclerosis: the Mexican-American Coronary Artery Disease Study
    Mark O Goodarzi
    Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
    Diabetes 54:1228-32. 2005
    ..The fact that the diabetes gene CAPN10 also influences the risk for atherosclerosis shows that inherited factors may underlie the frequent co-occurrence of these two conditions...
  17. ncbi Postmenopausal oral estrogen therapy and blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive subjects: the Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial
    Anne Z Steiner
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California/Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Menopause 12:728-33. 2005
    ..Estradiol may increase systolic blood pressure in younger postmenopausal women, while having the opposite effect in older postmenopausal women...
  18. ncbi Carotid artery intima-media thickness in college students: race/ethnicity matters
    Carrie V Breton
    University of Southern California, Dept of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
    Atherosclerosis 217:441-6. 2011
    ..We aimed to characterize racial/ethnic differences CIMT and other cardiovascular risk factors in a healthy, young-adult population...
  19. ncbi Inflammatory markers and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women (from the Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial)
    Howard N Hodis
    Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Am J Cardiol 101:1131-3. 2008
    ..In conclusion, although unopposed 17beta-estradiol significantly altered hs-CRP and sICAM-1, neither marker was associated with progression of subclinical atherosclerosis...
  20. ncbi Influence of age and obesity on serum estradiol, estrone, and sex hormone binding globulin concentrations following oral estrogen administration in postmenopausal women
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94:4136-43. 2009
    ..Risk of venous thrombosis and stroke is higher in older, overweight, and obese women using HT. However, the impact of age and obesity on estrogen concentrations among HT users is not well defined...
  21. ncbi Does elevated body mass modify the influence of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on atherosclerosis progression: results from the estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis trial
    Wendy J Mack
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
    Atherosclerosis 168:91-8. 2003
    ..To determine whether the estrogen-related reduction in atherosclerosis progression demonstrated in the estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis trial (EPAT) is modified by body mass index (BMI)...
  22. ncbi Subclinical atherosclerosis is weakly associated with lower cognitive function in healthy hyperhomocysteinemic adults without clinical cardiovascular disease
    Nicole M Gatto
    Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9010, USA
    Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 24:390-9. 2009
    ..It is not well known whether subclinical atherosclerosis is an independent risk factor for lower cognitive function among individuals without clinically evident CVD...
  23. ncbi Progression of carotid artery intima-media thickening in HIV-infected and uninfected adults
    Judith S Currier
    Center for Clinical AIDS Research and Education, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    AIDS 21:1137-45. 2007
    ..To compare the rate of change in intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery among uninfected subjects and HIV-infected subjects receiving or not receiving protease inhibitor (PI) regimens over a 144 week period...
  24. ncbi Metabolic syndrome and cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults without diabetes
    Nicole M Gatto
    Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9010, USA
    Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 15:627-41. 2008
    ..We examined the cross-sectional association between MetS and six areas of cognitive function in healthy cognitively intact adults without diabetes (n = 853, mean age 61 years) randomized in two intervention trials...
  25. ncbi Relation of Framingham risk score to subclinical atherosclerosis evaluated across three arterial sites
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
    Am J Cardiol 102:825-30. 2008
    ..Evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis in different arterial sites in addition to FRS may be useful in targeting subjects for lifestyle and other interventions...
  26. ncbi Elevated subclinical atherosclerosis associated with oophorectomy is related to time since menopause rather than type of menopause
    Wendy J Mack
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
    Fertil Steril 82:391-7. 2004
    ..To compare common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) between women who had natural menopause with those who had surgical menopause and to correlate IMT with time since menopause...
  27. ncbi Relation of progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis to risk of cardiovascular events (from the Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study)
    Cheryl Vigen
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
    Am J Cardiol 95:1277-82. 2005
    ..12) or category 3 (HR 0.81, p = 0.17). These results indicate that quantitative coronary angiographic changes are associated with cardiovascular events and support the long-term benefit of early intervention to decrease atherosclerosis...
  28. ncbi Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist treatment on subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes
    Howard N Hodis
    Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, USA
    Diabetes Care 29:1545-53. 2006
    ..To determine the effect of thiazolidinedione treatment on subclinical atherosclerosis progression in insulin-requiring patients with clinical characteristics suggesting type 2 diabetes...
  29. ncbi Childhood air pollutant exposure and carotid artery intima-media thickness in young adults
    Carrie V Breton
    Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, 2001 N Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
    Circulation 126:1614-20. 2012
    ..Exposure to ambient air pollutants increases risk for cardiovascular health outcomes in adults. The contribution of childhood air pollutant exposure to cardiovascular health has not been thoroughly evaluated...
  30. ncbi Isoflavone soy protein supplementation and atherosclerosis progression in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
    Howard N Hodis
    USC Keck School of Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC132, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Stroke 42:3168-75. 2011
    ..We determined whether ISP reduces subclinical atherosclerosis assessed as carotid artery intima-media thickness progression...
  31. ncbi Hip fracture in postmenopausal women after cessation of hormone therapy: results from a prospective study in a large health management organization
    Roksana Karim
    Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Menopause 18:1172-7. 2011
    ..We evaluated the impact of HT cessation on hip fracture incidence in a large cohort from the Southern California Kaiser Permanente health management organization...
  32. ncbi Subclinical atherosclerosis in Latino youth: progression of carotid intima-media thickness and its relationship to cardiometabolic risk factors
    Claudia M Toledo-Corral
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    J Pediatr 158:935-40. 2011
    ..To assess carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) change over 2 years in overweight Latino adolescents and examine its relationship to cardiometabolic risk...
  33. ncbi A genome-wide scan for carotid artery intima-media thickness: the Mexican-American Coronary Artery Disease family study
    Dai Wang
    Medical Genetics Institute, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, SSB 378, Los Angeles, Calif 90048, USA
    Stroke 36:540-5. 2005
    ..To systematically identify the genetic determinants of CIMT, we performed a genome-wide scan using data from 91 2-generation Mexican American families ascertained via a parent with CAD diagnosed...
  34. ncbi Brachial artery vasoreactivity is associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal anatomical measures of atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease
    Nicole M Gatto
    University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9010, United States
    Atherosclerosis 196:674-81. 2008
    ....
  35. ncbi Unopposed estradiol therapy in postmenopausal women: results from two randomized trials
    Anne Z Steiner
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Obstet Gynecol 109:581-7. 2007
    ..To estimate the rates of endometrial hyperplasia, bleeding episodes, and interventions among menopausal women receiving unopposed oral estradiol or placebo therapy with ultrasound monitoring over 3 years...
  36. ncbi Time from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes to initiation of insulin therapy is related to carotid artery intima-media thickness
    Ling Zheng
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, CHP-218, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9010, USA
    Atherosclerosis 170:293-9. 2003
    ..Longitudinal data are needed to determine the effect of early initiation of insulin therapy on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis among persons with diabetes...
  37. ncbi Physical activity and sex hormone levels in estradiol- and placebo-treated postmenopausal women
    Farzana Choudhury
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Menopause 18:1079-86. 2011
    ..The crucial yet complex relationship between physical activity and physiologic and pharmacologic sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women has not been investigated sufficiently...
  38. ncbi Ambient air pollution and atherosclerosis in Los Angeles
    Nino Kunzli
    Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033 9013, USA
    Environ Health Perspect 113:201-6. 2005
    ..Given the leading role of cardiovascular disease as a cause of death and the large populations exposed to ambient PM2.5, these findings may be important and need further confirmation...
  39. ncbi Atherosclerosis imaging methods: assessing cardiovascular disease and evaluating the role of estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis
    Howard N Hodis
    Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Am J Cardiol 89:19E-27E; discussion 27E. 2002
    ..The results demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol significantly reduces the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy, postmenopausal women when compared with placebo...
  40. ncbi Persistence of the metabolic syndrome and its influence on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight Latino children
    Claudia M Toledo-Corral
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9073, United States
    Atherosclerosis 206:594-8. 2009
    ..The objective of this study was to examine the influence of persistence of the metabolic syndrome (Mets) and its individual components over a 3-year period on carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in overweight Latino children...
  41. ncbi Carotid artery intima-media thickness and HIV infection: traditional risk factors overshadow impact of protease inhibitor exposure
    Judith S Currier
    Center for Clinical AIDS Research and Education, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    AIDS 19:927-33. 2005
    ..The impact of HIV infection and exposure to antiretroviral therapy on the development of subclinical atherosclerosis is incompletely understood...
  42. ncbi Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) as a coronary atherosclerosis risk factor in HIV-infected men: multicenter AIDS cohort study
    Rulin C Hechter
    Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
    Atherosclerosis 223:433-6. 2012
    ..58, 95% CI=1.06-2.36). Our findings suggest HSV-2 may be a risk factor for subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in HIV-infected men. Infection with multiple herpesviruses may contribute to the increased burden of atherosclerosis...
  43. ncbi Polymorphisms in genes involved in estrogen and progesterone metabolism and mammographic density changes in women randomized to postmenopausal hormone therapy: results from a pilot study
    Sarah J Lord
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Breast Cancer Res 7:R336-44. 2005
    ..Identifying genetic variants that determine increases in mammographic density in hormone users may be important in understanding hormonal carcinogenesis of the breast...
  44. ncbi Mildly elevated TSH and cognition in middle-aged and older adults
    Jan A St John
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Thyroid 19:111-7. 2009
    ..The objective of this study was to assess the relation between TSH levels in the normal to mildly elevated range (0.3-10.0 mIU/L) and several domains of cognitive function...
  45. ncbi The phytoestrogen equol increases nitric oxide availability by inhibiting superoxide production: an antioxidant mechanism for cell-mediated LDL modification
    Juliana Hwang
    School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 34:1271-82. 2003
    ..Decreased O(2)(-*) production resulted in increased free NO levels (but not total NO production) indicating that decreased reactions between O(2)(-*) and NO are an outcome of equol's antioxidant activity in cell culture...
  46. ncbi Carotid artery intima-media thickness after raloxifene treatment
    Wendy J Mack
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    J Womens Health (Larchmt) 16:370-8. 2007
    ....
  47. ncbi 17beta-Estradiol reverses shear-stress-mediated low density lipoprotein modifications
    Juliana Hwang
    Department of Biomedical Engineering and Cardiovascular Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90081, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 41:568-78. 2006
    ..Thus, E(2) plays an indirect antioxidative role. In addition to upregulation of endothelial (.-)NO synthase and downregulation of Nox4 expression, E(2) influences LDL modifications via lipid peroxidation and protein nitration...
  48. ncbi Gonadotropin and Sex Steroid Levels in HIV-Infected Premenopausal Women and Their Association With Subclinical Atherosclerosis in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS)
    Roksana Karim
    PhD, Departments of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, 1640 Marengo Street, HRA 300, Los Angeles, California 90033
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:E610-8. 2013
    ..Further research is warranted to understand the impact of endocrine dysregulation on the accelerated cardiovascular disease risk in HIV-infected women...
  49. ncbi The role of progestogens in regulating matrix metalloproteinase activity in macrophages and microglial cells
    Juliana Hwang-Levine
    Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, PSC 612, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Neurochem Res 36:1870-5. 2011
    ....
  50. ncbi Role of annexin II in estrogen-induced macrophage matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity: the modulating effect of statins
    Juliana Hwang
    Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
    Atherosclerosis 189:76-82. 2006
    ..Prevention of E(2)-mediated activation of MMP-9 by simvastatin suggests that concurrent statin use may account for early event risk of myocardial infarction seen with hormone therapy in recent clinical trials...
  51. ncbi Preservation of pancreatic beta-cell function and prevention of type 2 diabetes by pharmacological treatment of insulin resistance in high-risk hispanic women
    Thomas A Buchanan
    Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
    Diabetes 51:2796-803. 2002
    ..The protective effect was associated with the preservation of pancreatic beta-cell function and appeared to be mediated by a reduction in the secretory demands placed on beta-cells by chronic insulin resistance...
  52. ncbi Heritability of subclinical atherosclerosis in Latino families ascertained through a hypertensive parent
    Anny H Xiang
    Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA
    Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 22:843-8. 2002
    ..Heritability is particularly evident in younger family members, suggesting that acquired factors contribute progressively to IMT variability with aging...
  53. ncbi Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy as antiatherosclerotic therapy
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California School of Medicine, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 132, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Curr Atheroscler Rep 4:52-8. 2002
    ....
  54. ncbi Postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease in perspective
    Howard N Hodis
    Harry J Bauer and Dorothy Bauer Rawlins Professor of Cardiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Clin Obstet Gynecol 51:564-80. 2008
    ..These studies showed that young postmenopausal women with menopausal symptoms who use HT for long periods of time have lower rates of mortality and coronary heart disease than comparable postmenopausal women who do not use HT...
  55. ncbi Postmenopausal hormone therapy in clinical perspective
    Howard N Hodis
    Department of Medicine and the Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Menopause 14:944-57. 2007
    ....
  56. ncbi A "window of opportunity:" the reduction of coronary heart disease and total mortality with menopausal therapies is age- and time-dependent
    Howard N Hodis
    Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Brain Res 1379:244-52. 2011
    ....
  57. ncbi Assessing benefits and risks of hormone therapy in 2008: new evidence, especially with regard to the heart
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Cleve Clin J Med 75:S3-12. 2008
    ..These data have led to recommendations that the benefits of HT exceed the risks when initiated in menopausal women younger than 60 years...
  58. ncbi Association of hepatitis C virus and HIV infection with subclinical atherosclerosis in the women's interagency HIV study
    Phyllis C Tien
    Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
    AIDS 23:1781-4. 2009
    ..Further follow-up is needed to clarify whether HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection may be associated with a greater risk of carotid plaque...
  59. ncbi The ratio of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity to the concentration of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 protein in diabetes: adding insult to injury
    Burton E Sobel
    Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
    Coron Artery Dis 13:275-81. 2002
    ..This study was performed to delineate the relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) activity and PAI-1 protein to characterize the functional importance of elevated PAI-1 in diabetes...
  60. ncbi What is the cardioprotective role of hormone replacement therapy?
    Howard N Hodis
    Atherosclerosis Research Unit, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 132, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Curr Atheroscler Rep 5:56-66. 2003
    ..Observations made from epidemiologic studies will have to be appropriately tested in randomized, controlled trials before any real conclusions can be drawn as to whether hormone replacement is cardioprotective...
  61. ncbi Dysfunctional HDL and progression of atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected and -uninfected adults
    Theodoros Kelesidis
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
    Lipids Health Dis 12:23. 2013
    ..Dysfunctional HDL has increased redox activity and reduced antioxidant properties, but it is unknown whether abnormal HDL function is associated with progression of atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected subjects...
  62. ncbi Environmental tobacco smoke and carotid arterial stiffness
    Wendy J Mack
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Prev Med 37:148-54. 2003
    ..We used baseline data from the Vitamin E Atherosclerosis Prevention Study to evaluate the association between ETS exposure and arterial stiffness among 227 healthy adult nonsmokers...
  63. ncbi Progression of carotid intima-media thickness in a contemporary human immunodeficiency virus cohort
    Jason V Baker
    Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 53:826-35. 2011
    ..Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Predictors of atherosclerotic disease progression in contemporary patients have not been well described...
  64. ncbi Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: implications for nutrigenetics
    Hooman Allayee
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics 2:140-8. 2009
    ....
  65. ncbi Low CD4+ T-cell count as a major atherosclerosis risk factor in HIV-infected women and men
    Robert C Kaplan
    Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
    AIDS 22:1615-24. 2008
    ..To assess the association of HIV infection, HIV disease parameters (including CD4+ T-cell counts, HIV viral load, and AIDS) and antiretroviral medication use with subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis...
  66. ncbi Potential role of platelet FcgammaRIIA in collagen-mediated platelet activation associated with atherothrombosis
    David C Calverley
    Department of Medicine and the Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Box B171, Denver, CO 80262, USA
    Atherosclerosis 164:261-7. 2002
    ..Increased platelet FcR expression may therefore contribute towards risk for atherothrombotic events...
  67. ncbi Early onset of subclinical atherosclerosis in young persons with type 1 diabetes
    Jody S Krantz
    Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, USA
    J Pediatr 145:452-7. 2004
    ..Risk factors for increased carotid IMT in these younger patients include diabetic complications and HDL cholesterol and the LDL/HDL ratio, which may be sex-specific...
  68. ncbi Randomized controlled trial evidence that estrogen replacement therapy reduces the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women without preexisting cardiovascular disease
    Howard N Hodis
    Circulation 108:e5; author reply e5. 2003
  69. ncbi Response to: 'carotid intima-media thickness: assessment of sub-clinical atherosclerosis in HIV-infected patients'
    Judith S Currier
    AIDS 20:311. 2006
  70. ncbi Putting the latest data into practice: case studies and clinical considerations in menopausal management
    Margaret McKenzie
    Women's Health Center, OB/GYN and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
    Cleve Clin J Med 75:S25-33. 2008
  71. ncbi Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification
    Howard N Hodis
    N Engl J Med 357:1252-3; author reply 1254. 2007
  72. ncbi Estrogen and progestogen use in postmenopausal women: July 2008 position statement of The North American Menopause Society
    Wulf H Utian
    Menopause 15:584-602. 2008
    ..The benefit-risk ratio for menopausal HT is favorable close to menopause but decreases with aging and with time since menopause in previously untreated women...