D Hedeker

..These mixed-effects location scale models have useful applications in many research areas where interest centers on the joint modeling of the mean and variance structure...

..Wide-spread dissemination of evidence-based obesity treatment faces multiple challenges including cost, access, and implementing the programmatic characteristics on a large scale...

..The study aim is to determine which combination of two behavior change goals--one dietary, one activity--yields greatest overall healthy lifestyle change...

..Modeling these variances can shed light on interesting hypotheses in substance abuse research...

..These mixed-effects location scale models have useful applications in many research areas where interest centers on the joint modeling of the mean and variance structure...

..We consider this problem in a simple two-group design where interest centers on comparing the groups in terms of the binary outcome at a single timepoint...

..Estimation of the individual random effects is accomplished using an empirical Bayes approach. Examples illustrating usage and features of MIXREG are provided...

..An analysis of a dataset where students are clustered within schools is used to illustrate features of random-effects analysis of clustered grouped-time survival data...

..Data from a smoking cessation study are used to illustrate application of this model for analysis of longitudinal substance use data...

..An analysis of a psychiatric data set, in which homeless adults with serious mental illness are repeatedly classified in terms of their living arrangement, is used to illustrate features of the model...

..006). Variation in palatability or hunger did not explain these differences in snack reward value. Findings indicate that nicotine deprivation is associated with a heightened reward value of appealing snack foods for female smokers...

..Process emission rates with production activity data allow estimation of dust exposure in similar facilities, and help direct development of exposure control strategies...

..The long-rejected construct of food addiction is undergoing re-examination...

..We present an application using a data set from psychiatric research. We conclude that the proposed method may be a promising tool for handling incomplete longitudinal or clustered ordinal outcomes...

..Results showed that the AAYP intervention effects on adolescent drug use were mediated by normative beliefs of prevalence estimates, friends' drug use behavior, perceived friends' encouragement to use, and attitudes toward the behavior...

..Political will is needed to prepare US society to collectively support community-based long-term needs, given the difficulty of preparing ourselves fully for common, but often unexpected, functional declines in later life...

..Linear and nonlinear models are illustrated using an example involving a study of the relationship between mood and smoking...

..For men, the enhanced condition produced better abstinence rates through 15 months and lower relapse rates. For women, the basic condition was better. History of depression did not interact with condition...

..Family support did not interact with cohort or time...

..Results indicate that lower pretreatment PM may inhibit long-term cessation. Smokers with lower baseline PM may benefit from treatment that increases PM...

....

..We also present an application using a data set from obesity research. We conclude that the proposed method is a promising tool for handling incomplete longitudinal or clustered binary outcomes under ignorable non-response mechanisms...

..3 times more likely to be smoking (p = .02). Further research is warranted to determine why high-dose fluoxetine produces continuing effects that oppose tobacco abstinence...

..This article aimed to demonstrate how ordinary use of generalized estimating equations (GEE) can be problematic if the assumption of missing completely at random (MCAR) is not met...

..Findings support both unitary and domain-specific aspects of adherence and suggest that among smokers, smoking and eating behaviors may have similarities unshared by physical activity...

..Performance by black infants averaged 2 points higher than that of other infants. CONCLUSIONS: The TIMP can discriminate among infants with differing risks for motor developmental delay...

..The authors offer recommendations for improving the analytic quality of behavioral health RCTs to ensure that evidence about behavioral treatments is highly weighted in systematic reviews...

....

..This approach is a useful strategy for observational studies of treatment effectiveness. It is capable of adjusting for selection bias, incorporating multiple observations per subject, and comparing effectiveness of ordinal doses...

..The random effects are normally distributed in this instance. Features of this model are illustrated using data from a school-based smoking prevention trial and an Alzheimer's disease clinical trial...

..We tested whether acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) triggers depressive symptoms in euthymic, unmedicated smokers and nonsmokers with and without history of major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..In addition, type I error rate and statistical power are examined. The approach is illustrated by applying it to a longitudinal, observational study of maintenance treatment of major depression...

..Results support a modest, short-term effect of fluoxetine on smoking cessation and consideration of alternative models for handling missing data...

..Yet little evidence supports this view, and nicotine's effect on positive affect deficiency in depression remains largely unstudied...

..There is increasing evidence linking cigarette craving and smoking behavior to serotonergic neurotransmission...

..Familial features of bipolar disorder should help define more homogeneous subtypes, but there are few data indicating which clinical features of bipolar disorder are the most familial...

..Substantial individual variability in levels of smoking was observed. These findings provide new insights into college smoking, and have implications for assessment, policy, intervention, and future directions for research...

..The approach is illustrated in an evaluation of the effectiveness of somatic treatments for major depression in a longitudinal, observational study of affective disorders...

..Although likelihood-based statistical models such as mixed-effects models can accommodate incomplete data, the assumption of ignorable attrition is usually required for valid inferences...

..Compromising brain serotonin via ATD appears to intensify smoking behavior in nicotine-dependent individuals directly, rather than indirectly through changes in either mood or psychopathologic symptoms...

..e., continuous, ordinal, nominal, counts), structures (i.e., univariate or multivariate) and from a variety of designs (i.e., 2-level or 3-level). ..