Research Topics
| Scott D HalpernSummaryAffiliation: University of Pennsylvania Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Default options in advance directives influence how patients set goals for end-of-life careScott D Halpern
Fostering Improvement in End of Life Decision Science Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Health Aff (Millwood) 32:408-17. 2013....- ICU capacity strain and the quality and allocation of critical careScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Curr Opin Crit Care 17:648-57. 2011..Efforts to counter the untoward consequences for the quality and ethics of critical care delivery are limited by the absence of a specific and validated metric of ICU capacity strain... - Deciphering the appropriateness of defaults: the need for domain-specific evidenceCaroline Mayberry Quill
Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
J Med Ethics 38:721-2. 2012..While the results warrant attention and further investigation, several methodological shortcomings limit the conclusions that can be drawn from this study... - Shaping end-of-life care: behavioral economics and advance directivesScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 33:393-400. 2012..The text suggests potential solutions in need of evaluation, discusses metrics for assessing these interventions' benefits, and considers alternatives to the approaches advocated... 
Lottery-based versus fixed incentives to increase clinicians' response to surveysScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 723 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Health Serv Res 46:1663-74. 2011..To compare the effects of lottery-based and fixed incentives on clinicians' response to surveys...- Determinants of the decision to accept a kidney from a donor at increased risk for blood-borne viral infectionPETER P REESE
University of Pennsylvania, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5:917-23. 2010..This study aimed to identify the proportion of kidney transplant candidates that would accept a kidney from a DIRVI and the factors that influenced this decision... - Perceptions of organ donation after circulatory determination of death among critical care physicians and nurses: a national surveyJoanna L Hart
Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Crit Care Med 40:2595-600. 2012.... 
Empirical assessment of whether moderate payments are undue or unjust inducements for participation in clinical trialsScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, Centers for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Arch Intern Med 164:801-3. 2004..Paying patients to participate in clinical trials is ethically controversial. However, there has been no empirical documentation regarding whether payment represents an undue or unjust inducement...- Informed consent in research to improve the number and quality of deceased donor organsMichael M Rey
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Crit Care Med 39:280-3. 2011.... - Nonconsented human immunodeficiency virus testing among critically ill patients: intensivists' practices and the influence of state lawsScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, 711 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Arch Intern Med 167:2323-8. 2007..Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing can improve care for many critically ill patients, but state laws and institutional policies may impede such testing when patients cannot provide consent... - Motivations of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension to participate in randomized clinical trialsRicki Carroll
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104 6021, USA
Clin Trials 9:348-57. 2012..However, the ability to conduct meaningful randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in such contexts often is limited by difficulties obtaining adequate patient enrollment... - Validation of 6-minute walk distance as a surrogate end point in pulmonary arterial hypertension trialsNicole B Gabler
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Circulation 126:349-56. 2012..We aimed to validate the difference in Δ6MWD against the probability of a clinical event in pulmonary arterial hypertension trials... - Waitlist survival of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis in the model for end-stage liver disease eraDavid Goldberg
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Liver Transpl 17:1355-63. 2011.... - Regulated payments for living kidney donation: an empirical assessment of the ethical concernsScott D Halpern
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 6021, USA
Ann Intern Med 152:358-65. 2010..Although regulated payments to encourage living kidney donation could reduce morbidity and mortality among patients waiting for a kidney transplant, doing so raises several ethical concerns... - Hypertensive patients' willingness to participate in placebo-controlled trials: implications for recruitment efficiencyScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Am Heart J 146:985-92. 2003.... - Race and sex differences in response to endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertensionNicole B Gabler
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiolog, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 723 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Chest 141:20-6. 2012..Differences in endothelin-1 biology between sexes and between whites and blacks may lead to differences in patients' responses to treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs)... - Rule of rescue or the good of the many? An analysis of physicians' and nurses' preferences for allocating ICU bedsRachel Kohn
Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Intensive Care Med 37:1210-7. 2011..To examine intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians' willingness to trade off societal benefits in favor of a small chance of rescuing an identifiable critically ill patient... - Harnessing the power of default options to improve health careScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, The Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, the Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA
N Engl J Med 357:1340-4. 2007 - Current trends in living donor liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitisDavid Seth Goldberg
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Transplantation 91:1148-52. 2011..To overcome such barriers in the post-MELD era, clinicians might refer patients with PSC, relative to patients without PSC, for living donor transplants more frequently... - Informing candidates for solid-organ transplantation about donor risk factorsScott D Halpern
Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
N Engl J Med 358:2832-7. 2008 - Willingness of patients to switch from conventional to daily hemodialysis: looking before we leapScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Am J Med 116:606-12. 2004.... - The epidemiology of intensive care unit readmissions in the United StatesSydney E S Brown
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 6021, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 185:955-64. 2012..The incidence of intensive care unit (ICU) readmissions across the United States is unknown... - Longer-term outcomes after kidney transplantation from seronegative deceased donors at increased risk for blood-borne viral infectionPETER P REESE
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Transplantation 91:1211-7. 2011..Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C to transplant recipients has drawn attention of the use of allografts from seronegative donors at increased risk for blood-borne viral infection (DIRVI)... - Inadequate hepatitis B vaccination and post-exposure evaluation among transplant surgeons: prevalence, correlates, and implicationsScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA
Ann Surg 244:305-9. 2006..Requiring documentation of HBV vaccination and immunity to maintain operating room privileges may protect surgeons, their patients, and operating room staff... - Determinants of transplant surgeons' willingness to provide organs to patients infected with HBV, HCV or HIVScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104 6021, USA
Am J Transplant 5:1319-25. 2005..HIV-infected patients should have equal access to organs unless or until evidence emerges that they fare substantially worse than other potential recipients... - Twenty-four-hour intensivist staffing in teaching hospitals: tensions between safety today and safety tomorrowMeeta Prasad Kerlin
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Chest 141:1315-20. 2012..Furthermore, we suggest that there remains sufficient uncertainty about these benefits and risks that it is both necessary and ethical to study the effects in earnest... - Physicians' preferences for active-controlled versus placebo-controlled trials of new antihypertensive drugsScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
J Gen Intern Med 17:689-95. 2002..To evaluate physicians' preferences for referring patients to, and using information from, active-controlled trials (ACTs) versus placebo-controlled trials (PCTs) of new antihypertensive drugs... - Commentary: Improving response rates to mailed surveys: what do we learn from randomized controlled trials?Scott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Int J Epidemiol 32:637-8. 2003 - The continuing unethical conduct of underpowered clinical trialsScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 108 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
JAMA 288:358-62. 2002..In both cases, investigators must inform prospective subjects that their participation may only indirectly contribute to future health care benefits... - Towards evidence based bioethicsScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; 115 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA
BMJ 331:901-3. 2005 - Prospective preference assessment: a method to enhance the ethics and efficiency of randomized controlled trialsScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Control Clin Trials 23:274-88. 2002..It is concluded that PPA is a feasible approach to a more democratic and efficient research process and that its adoption would be consistent with current trends in health care... - Smallpox vaccination: a national survey of emergency health care providersWorth W Everett
Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
Acad Emerg Med 10:606-11. 2003..Although emergency health care providers are among the first targeted for vaccination, little is known about how these providers view the risks and benefits of SP vaccination... - Evaluating preference effects in partially unblinded, randomized clinical trialsScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 108 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Clin Epidemiol 56:109-15. 2003..It is concluded that investigators could use these methods to quantify potential preference effects in partially unblinded RCTs, and thereby more accurately estimate the specific effects of treatments... - HIV testing without consent in critically ill patientsScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA
JAMA 294:734-7. 2005 - Development of an e-mail database of US intensive care physiciansScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Crit Care 22:28-31. 2007..We sought to develop an e-mail database for all intensivists associated with US training programs in critical care medicine (academic intensivists) and to determine the feasibility of using this database to survey intensivists... - Prospective preference assessment of patients' willingness to participate in a randomized controlled trial of intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus proton therapy for localized prostate cancerAnand Shah
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 83:e13-9. 2012..To investigate patients' willingness to participate (WTP) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with proton beam therapy (PBT) for prostate cancer (PCa)... - Willingness of dialysis patients to participate in a randomized controlled trial of daily dialysisAjay K Israni
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
Kidney Int 65:990-8. 2004..However, there is concern that difficulties recruiting patients may prevent the successful completion of such trials if patients believe the inconveniences of daily dialysis outweigh any potential health benefits... - Epidemiologic studies of adverse effects of anti-retroviral drugs: how well is statistical power reportedScott D Halpern
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 14:155-61. 2005..Future research is needed to determine whether the observed paucity of industry-sponsored observational studies of anti-retroviral ADEs extends to other clinical areas, and if so, to identify the causes of this phenomenon... - Fairness and wellness incentives: what is the relevance of the process-outcome distinction?Harald Schmidt
Leonard Davis Institute Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Prev Med 55:S118-23. 2012.... - Rationing in the intensive care unit: to disclose or disguise?Michael J Young
Center for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Crit Care Med 40:261-6. 2012..Specifically, research is needed to determine how best to operationalize disclosure processes so as to maximize prospective benefits to patients and surrogates and minimize burdens on clinicians and intensive care units... - The law, policy, and ethics of employers' use of financial incentives to improve healthKristin M Madison
Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
J Law Med Ethics 39:450-68. 2011..The ACA sets the stage for a broad-based research and implementation agenda through which we can learn to structure incentive programs to not only promote public health but also address prevalent concerns... - Randomized trial of 5 dollars versus 10 dollars monetary incentives, envelope size, and candy to increase physician response rates to mailed questionnairesScott D Halpern
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Med Care 40:834-9. 2002..Including smaller incentives in more questionnaires may maximize total responses... - No child left behind: Enrolling children and adults simultaneously in critical care randomized trialsScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine SDH, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Crit Care Med 37:2638-41. 2009..We sought to evaluate the ethical, methodologic, and practical arguments for and against studying critical care interventions in adults and children simultaneously rather than sequentially... - The future of the orthopaedic clinician-scientist: part II: Identification of factors that may influence orthopaedic residents' intent to perform researchJaimo Ahn
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 3400 Spruce Street, 2 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Bone Joint Surg Am 92:1041-6. 2010..Therefore, we sought to assess resident opinions regarding plans and incentives for future research and the opinions of academic chairs who must support them... - Incentive models to increase living kidney donation: encouraging without coercingAjay K Israni
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Am J Transplant 5:15-20. 2005..We recommend the use of the expense reimbursement model along with these safeguards, in order to increase rates of living kidney donation... - Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patientsScott D Halpern
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
N Engl J Med 347:284-7. 2002 - Health care waste management: a neglected and growing public health problem worldwideMichael O Harhay
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
Trop Med Int Health 14:1414-7. 2009.... - Deceased organ donation consent rates among racial and ethnic minorities and older potential donorsDavid S Goldberg
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Crit Care Med 41:496-505. 2013.... - Misclassification of pulmonary hypertension due to reliance on pulmonary capillary wedge pressure rather than left ventricular end-diastolic pressureScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical CareMedicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Chest 136:37-43. 2009..We sought to determine the calibration, discrimination, and diagnostic accuracy of PCWP, using simultaneously measured left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) as the "gold standard.".. - Preevent vaccination against smallpox: a survey of pediatric emergency health care providersWorth W Everett
Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Centers for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Pediatr Infect Dis J 23:332-7. 2004..A greater understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of pediatric health care workers toward preevent smallpox vaccination will assist in the development of future bioterrorism preparedness programs... - Decisions devoid of data?Scott D Halpern
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
Am J Bioeth 6:55-6; discussion W51-3. 2006 - The ethics of randomized clinical trials in pulmonary arterial hypertensionScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6021, USA
Proc Am Thorac Soc 5:631-5. 2008.... - Terminal withdrawal of life-sustaining supplemental oxygenScott D Halpern
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA
JAMA 296:1397-400. 2006 - A systematic review to inform institutional decisions about the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the H1N1 influenza pandemicMatthew D Mitchell
Center for Evidence Based Practice, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Crit Care Med 38:1398-404. 2010.... - Utility of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria in predicting the onset of septic shock in hospitalized patients with hematologic malignanciesAnthony Mato
Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Cancer Biol Ther 8:1095-1100. 2009..The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria have not been validated in patients with hematologic malignancies (HM)...