Robert Haile

..A subset of these SNPs, selected upon their main effects on contralateral breast cancer risk was further evaluated for interaction with treatment modalities and estrogen receptor (ER) status...

..We review the literature and discuss study design options and features that should be considered in future studies...

..Understanding the effect of oral contraceptives on risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers is important because oral contraceptive use is a common, modifiable practice...

..The results suggest that at least part of the protective effect of NSAIDs on the risk of colorectal adenoma involves a COX-mediated pathway...

..To investigate whether oral contraceptive (OC) use and postmenopausal hormones (PMH) are associated with an increased risk of developing asynchronous bilateral breast cancer among women diagnosed with breast cancer younger than 55 years...

..These results reinforce the importance of distinguishing between the underlying causes of MSI in studies of etiology and prognosis...

..Overall, our results do not provide evidence for a role of common genetic variants in VDR or GC in susceptibility to CRC...

..Therefore, it is unclear whether current hits are modified by environmental exposures or whether there are additional hits whose effects are dependent on environmental exposures...

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..These findings highlight the potential complex role of folate in prostate cancer and the possibly different effects of folic acid-containing supplements vs natural sources of folate...

..04). Our data suggest that the effects of smoking and alcohol may vary depending on the genetic background of proteins that participate in the base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair pathways...

..Our findings support the idea that although moderate doses of folate may be protective compared with deficiency, at some point of sufficiency, supplementation provides no additional benefit...

..Our findings indicate that the MTHFR genotype does not change adenoma risk in a manner similar to its effect on colorectal cancer, and does not modify the effect of folate supplementation on metachronous adenoma risk...

..In this study, we examined the associations between dietary and circulating plasma levels of vitamins B(2), B(6), and B(12) and risk colorectal adenomas...

..These data suggest that common variants may play important roles in the risk of CRC...

..Little is known about the relationships between global hypomethylation and lifestyle, demographics, dietary measures, and genetic factors...

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..In this study, we evaluated the association between these factors and CBC risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation carriers and non-carriers...

..In conclusion, we found no significant evidence that genetic variants in FOLR1, GGH, FPGS and SLC19A1 are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer...

..Folate-associated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) may play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Variation in FOCM genes may explain some of the underlying risk of colorectal cancer...

..The MTHFR C677T TT genotype is associated with a 15% to 18% reduction in colorectal cancer risk, but it is not clear if other variants of the gene are associated with colorectal cancer risk...

..Folate-associated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) is an important pathway in colorectal neoplasia risk but data on genetic variation in this pathway are largely limited to studies of single SNPs in selected genes...

..Carcinogens generated during meat cooking have been implicated as causal agents and can induce oxidative DNA damage, which elicits repair by the base excision repair (BER) pathway...

..Reports have suggested that these associations may differ by tumor molecular subtype, with stronger associations for microsatellite unstable (MSI-H) tumors...

..These findings highlight the possible contribution of diets high in red meat to the formation of lesions that elicit the NER pathway, such as carcinogen-induced bulky adducts...

..1-0.6; c.6348-54T>C RR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.8]. These data suggest that some alleles of ATM may exert an antineoplastic effect, perhaps by altering the activity of ATM as an initiator of DNA damage responses or a regulator of p53...

..Laboratory and epidemiologic data suggest that aspirin has an antineoplastic effect in the large bowel...

..The risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has been examined in many studies, but relatively little attention has been paid to the degree to which the risk may vary among carriers...

..However, less is known about how long the risk is reduced and the impact of factors such as age and menopausal status...

..49 (95% CI, 0.28-0.85)]. We did not identify any association with consumption of individual HCAs and colorectal adenoma risk. These results support the hypothesis that BP contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis...

..CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that calcium supplementation may have a more pronounced antineoplastic effect on advanced colorectal lesions than on other types of polyps...

..Three genes (ATM, BRCA1, and BRCA2) encode products that are essential for the normal cellular response to DSBs, but predispose to breast cancer when mutated...

..Although these nutrients are inter-related metabolically in bone and in the normal intestine, their potential interactions in large-bowel carcinogenesis are not well understood...

..Finally, we report novel mutations in the ATM gene identified both in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and in patients with unilateral or bilateral breast cancer...

..28-1.56; 138 cases and 258 controls). Consistency of the results across all three of the studies is potentially compatible with a protective effect of the polymorphism, mimicking aspirin...

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..We determined the incidence of CRC in patients under colonoscopic surveillance and examined the circumstances and risk factors for CRC and adenoma with high-grade dysplasia...

..However, it is not known how accurately patients are able to self-report the presence or absence of adenomas following colonoscopy...

..Laboratory and epidemiological data suggest that folic acid may have an antineoplastic effect in the large intestine...

..Women with an initial breast cancer diagnosis are at elevated risk of developing subsequent cancer in the contralateral breast. Studies of reproductive factors and contralateral breast cancer (CBC) have provided inconsistent results...

..Calcium supplementation has been shown to decrease the risk of recurrence of colorectal adenomas in randomized trials. However, the duration of this protective effect after cessation of active supplementation is not known...

..The more pronounced effect of 325 mg aspirin in individuals with higher BMI suggests a possible protective role of anti-inflammatory aspirin against increased adipose-driven cytokines among obese subjects...

..Previous research suggests that the G315A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) gene may be a genetic marker for risk of colorectal neoplasia and may also modify the association of aspirin use with risk...

..In the current study, the authors investigated associations with K-ras mutation in incident sporadic colorectal adenomas that occurred during a chemoprevention trial of calcium supplementation...

..Calcium and aspirin have both been found to be chemopreventive against colorectal neoplasia. However, the joint effect of the two agents has not been well investigated...

..We concluded that DNA derived from PET that archived for less than 18 years can be used successfully for detecting BRCA1 gene mutations if quality control is strictly maintained...

..Genotyping will primarily involve SNP-based haplotypes. For both pathways, analyses of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions will be included as appropriate. ..

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..Genotyping will primarily involve SNP-based haplotypes. For both pathways, analyses of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions will be included as appropriate. ..

..In addition, by completing this pilot study, we will demonstrate the feasibility of conducting the larger full-scale study. ..

..Thomas and Cortessis, we will apply this method to data generated by this study. ..

..We propose no new mutation screening in the current proposal. We believe this is a scientifically defensible compromise and hope that it will allow us to begin this important study. ..

..Peter Laird, that is more sensitive and quantitative than other assay with our ongoing study will provide a powerful means of addressing important questions about methylation and its role on cancer etiology. ..