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Species | Sander GreenlandSummaryAffiliation: University of California Country: USA Publications
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Living with p values: resurrecting a Bayesian perspective on frequentist statisticsSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Epidemiology 24:62-8. 2013..More generally, P values can be incorporated into a modern analysis framework that emphasizes measurement of fit, distance, and posterior probability in place of "statistical significance" and accept/reject decisions...- Transparency and disclosure, neutrality and balance: shared values or just shared words?Sander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
J Epidemiol Community Health 66:967-70. 2012..Thus, more precision is needed in explicating and implementing such values... - Nonsignificance plus high power does not imply support for the null over the alternativeSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
Ann Epidemiol 22:364-8. 2012..Use of power to analyze and interpret data thus needs more extensive discouragement... 
Prevalence and clustering of metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults in Shanghai, ChinaHe Xu
Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
BMC Public Health 10:683. 2010..Type 2 diabetes is becoming an epidemic in China. To evaluate the prevalence, clustering of metabolic risk factors and their impact on type 2 diabetes, we conducted a population-based study in Shanghai, China's largest metropolitan area...- Null misinterpretation in statistical testing and its impact on health risk assessmentSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
Prev Med 53:225-8. 2011..The example illustrates how inattention to the actual meaning of P-values and confidence limits allow extremely biased prior opinions (including null-spiked opinions) to be presented as if they were objective inferences from the data... 
Accounting for independent nondifferential misclassification does not increase certainty that an observed association is in the correct directionSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Am J Epidemiol 164:63-8. 2006..Thus, such accounting should not increase certainty that an association is present...- Model-based estimation of relative risks and other epidemiologic measures in studies of common outcomes and in case-control studiesSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Am J Epidemiol 160:301-5. 2004..Approximate variance formulas for the resulting estimates allow interval estimation; these intervals can be closely approximated by rapid simulation procedures that require only standard software functions... - Leukemia attributable to residential magnetic fields: results from analyses allowing for study biasesSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Risk Anal 26:471-82. 2006..These analyses support the idea that the public health impact of residential fields is likely to be limited, but both no impact and a substantial impact remain possibilities in light of the available data... - The value of risk-factor ("black-box") epidemiologySander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Epidemiology 15:529-35. 2004.... - Interval estimation by simulation as an alternative to and extension of confidence intervalsSander Greenland
Departments of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Int J Epidemiol 33:1389-97. 2004..Along with simplicity and generality, the ease with which simulation can incorporate these priors is a key advantage over conventional methods... - Bayesian perspectives for epidemiological research: I. Foundations and basic methodsSander Greenland
Departments of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Int J Epidemiol 35:765-75. 2006..It is argued that a criterion for scientific acceptability of a prior distribution is that it be expressible as prior data, so that the strength of prior assumptions can be gauged by how much data they represent... - Bayesian perspectives for epidemiologic research: III. Bias analysis via missing-data methodsSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Int J Epidemiol 38:1662-73. 2009..The approach illustrates how conventional analyses depend on implicit certainty that bias parameters are null and how these implausible assumptions can be replaced by plausible priors for bias parameters... - Designs and analyses for exploring the relationship of magnetic fields to childhood leukaemia: a pilot project for the Danish National Birth CohortSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Scand J Public Health 37:83-92. 2009..We conclude that the approach outlined may be of value not only for this topic but also in other studies of effects of rare exposures and genetic factors on rare outcomes... - Bayesian interpretation and analysis of research resultsSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology and Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Semin Hematol 45:141-9. 2008..Thus, even if frequentist results remain the norm for presentation, the inclusion of Bayesian perspectives in teaching and analysis is strongly recommended... - An overview of relations among causal modelling methodsSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Statistics, UCLA College of Letters and Science, 22333 Swenson Drive, Topanga, CA 90290 3434, USA
Int J Epidemiol 31:1030-7. 2002..The different approaches provide complementary perspectives, and can be employed together to improve causal interpretations of conventional statistical results... - Invited commentary: variable selection versus shrinkage in the control of multiple confoundersSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 90095 1772, CA
Am J Epidemiol 167:523-9; discussion 530-1. 2008..No selection or special software is needed for most of these techniques. It thus appears that statistical confounder selection may be an unnecessary complication in most regression analyses of effects... - Commentary: Addressing corporate influence through ethical guidelinesSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology and Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
Int J Epidemiol 37:57-9; discussion 65-8. 2008 - Bayesian perspectives for epidemiological research. II. Regression analysisSander Greenland
Departments of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Int J Epidemiol 36:195-202. 2007..Because these solutions have a frequentist interpretation as "shrinkage" (penalized) estimators, the methods can also be viewed as a means of implementing shrinkage approaches to multiparameter problems... - Quantifying biases in causal models: classical confounding vs collider-stratification biasSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Epidemiology 14:300-6. 2003.... - Generalized conjugate priors for Bayesian analysis of risk and survival regressionsSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, 22333 Swenson Drive, Topanga, California 90290, USA
Biometrics 59:92-9. 2003..The present article illustrates the resulting generalized conjugate analyses using examples from case-control studies of the association of residential wire codes and magnetic fields with childhood leukemia... - Estimating effects from randomized trials with discontinuations: the need for intent-to-treat design and G-estimationSander Greenland
Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Clin Trials 5:5-13. 2008..Furthermore, estimates based on ITT, on-treatment, or per-protocol comparisons can seriously understate harm or benefit... - Prior data for non-normal priorsSander Greenland
Departments of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, LA 90095 1772, USA
Stat Med 26:3578-90. 2007..For more compact representation in regression analyses, the prior data can be compressed into a single data record. The method is illustrated with historical data from a study of electronic foetal monitoring and neonatal death... - The need for reorientation toward cost-effective prediction: comments on 'Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: From area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond' by M. J. Pencina et al., Statistics in Medicine (DOI: 10.1002/Sander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA
Stat Med 27:199-206. 2008 - Bayesian posterior distributions without Markov chainsStephen R Cole
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 7435, USA
Am J Epidemiol 175:368-75. 2012..The transparency of the proposed approach comes at a price of being less broadly applicable than MCMC... - Single nucleotide polymorphisms of 8 inflammation-related genes and their associations with smoking-related cancersSam S Oh
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Int J Cancer 127:2169-82. 2010.... - Racial and ethnic differences in the association of body mass index and survival in maintenance hemodialysis patientsJoni Ricks
Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 58:574-82. 2011..Given the greater survival of maintenance HD patients who are minorities, we hypothesized that increased body mass index (BMI) is associated more strongly with lower mortality in blacks and Hispanics relative to non-Hispanic whites... - Associations between NBS1 polymorphisms, haplotypes and smoking-related cancersSungshim L Park
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 71 225 CHS, Box 951772, 650 Charles E Young Drive, South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Carcinogenesis 31:1264-71. 2010..These hypotheses should be further examined in functional studies... - A case-control study of the association of the polymorphisms and haplotypes of DNA ligase I with lung and upper-aerodigestive-tract cancersYuan Chin Amy Lee
Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Int J Cancer 122:1630-8. 2008..We observed weaker associations between the LIG1 haplotypes and UADT cancers. Our findings suggest the LIG1 haplotypes may affect the risk of lung and UADT cancers... - Mortality prediction by surrogates of body composition: an examination of the obesity paradox in hemodialysis patients using composite ranking score analysisKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA School of Public Health, Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Los Angeles, CA 90509 2910, USA
Am J Epidemiol 175:793-803. 2012..Assuming residual selection bias and confounding were not large, the present results suggest that a considerable proportion of the obesity paradox in dialysis patients might be explained by the amount of decline in muscle mass... - Proper interpretation of non-differential misclassification effects: expectations vs observationsAnne M Jurek
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 0392, USA
Int J Epidemiol 34:680-7. 2005..Thus, as noted before, exposure misclassification can spuriously increase the observed strength of an association even when the misclassification process is non-differential and the bias it produced is towards the null... - Dietary flavonoid intake and lung cancer--a population-based case-control studyYan Cui
Office of Health Assessment and Epidemiology, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
Cancer 112:2241-8. 2008..To investigate the associations between commonly consumed flavonoid compounds and lung cancer, the authors conducted a population-based case-control study of 558 lung cancer cases and a group of 837 controls... - Multiple-imputation for measurement-error correctionStephen R Cole
Department of Epidemiology, 615 Norht Wolfe Street, E7640, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Int J Epidemiol 35:1074-81. 2006..There are many methods for measurement-error correction. These methods remain rarely used despite the ubiquity of measurement error... - Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on incident AIDS using calendar period as an instrumental variableLauren E Cain
Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Am J Epidemiol 169:1124-32. 2009..These methods may help resolve discrepancies between observational and randomized evidence... - Role of nutritional status and inflammation in higher survival of African American and Hispanic hemodialysis patientsElani Streja
Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Torrance, CA, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 57:883-93. 2011..We hypothesized that this apparent survival advantage is due to a more favorable nutritional/inflammatory profile in minority hemodialysis patients... - Associations between variants of the 8q24 chromosome and nine smoking-related cancer sitesSungshim Lani Park
Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health, 71 225 CHS, Box 951772, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:3193-202. 2008..Functional and large epidemiologic studies should be conducted to further investigate the association of 8q24 SNPs with smoking-related cancers... - Associations of race/ethnicity with HIV prevalence and HIV-related behaviors among young men who have sex with men in 7 urban centers in the United StatesNina T Harawa
County of Los Angeles, Department of Health Services, Los Angeles, CA 90005, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 35:526-36. 2004..Prevention programs should address risks in steady partnerships, target young men before sexual initiation with male partners, and tailor interventions to men of color and of lower socioeconomic status... - Risk of fractures requiring hospitalization after an initial prescription for zolpidem, alprazolam, lorazepam, or diazepam in older adultsWilliam D Finkle
Consolidated Research, Inc, Los Angeles, California, USA
J Am Geriatr Soc 59:1883-90. 2011..To determine whether zolpidem is a safer alternative to benzodiazepines... - Sensitivity analysis of misclassification: a graphical and a Bayesian approachHaitao Chu
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Ann Epidemiol 16:834-41. 2006..CONCLUSION: By using Bayesian methods, investigators can incorporate uncertainty about misclassification into probabilistic inferences... - Adjustment for response bias via two-phase analysis: an applicationKatherine J Hoggatt
Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Epidemiology 20:872-9. 2009..We use data from a study of air pollution and birth outcomes to illustrate how a 2-phase analysis can yield less biased and more precise results... - Comment concerning "Childhood leukemia and residential magnetic fields: are pooled analyses more valid than the original studies?" (Bioelectromagnetics 27:1-7 [2006])Leeka Kheifets
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
Bioelectromagnetics 27:674-5; discussion 675-6. 2006 - Childhood leukemia, electric and magnetic fields, and temporal trendsLeeka Kheifets
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California 90095 1772, USA
Bioelectromagnetics 27:545-52. 2006.... - Impact of race on hyperparathyroidism, mineral disarrays, administered vitamin D mimetic, and survival in hemodialysis patientsKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
J Bone Miner Res 25:2724-34. 2010..Survival advantages of blacks appear restricted to those receiving higher doses of active vitamin D. Examining the effect of MBD modulation on racial survival disparities of hemodialysis patients is warranted... - The intensity-score approach to adjusting for confoundingBabette Brumback
Departments of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095 1772, USA
Biometrics 59:274-85. 2003..We further extend the methods to accomodate repeated outcomes and time-varying effects of time-varying exposures... - Inpatient treatment of depression and associated hospital chargesDeborah L Ackerman
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 11:219-27. 2002..We evaluated inpatient treatment of depression, prescribing patterns for antidepressants, and associated hospital charges... - Hepatitis C virus and death risk in hemodialysis patientsKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509 2910, USA
J Am Soc Nephrol 18:1584-93. 2007..More diligent efforts to prevent and treat HCV infection may improve outcomes in MHD patients... - Revisiting mortality predictability of serum albumin in the dialysis population: time dependency, longitudinal changes and population-attributable fractionKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509 2910, USA
Nephrol Dial Transplant 20:1880-8. 2005..However, serum albumin may change over time. Hence, its time-varying associations with outcome may be different... - Association of morbid obesity and weight change over time with cardiovascular survival in hemodialysis populationKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509 2910, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 46:489-500. 2005..However, the association between changes in weight over time and prospective mortality is not known... - Multivariate meta-analysis of controlled drug studies for obsessive-compulsive disorderDeborah L Ackerman
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 90095 1772, USA
J Clin Psychopharmacol 22:309-17. 2002..Meta-analyses can help characterize responders and nonresponders. The authors urge investigators to provide summaries of patient characteristics, especially baseline severity, age at onset, and duration of OCD, by patients' response... - Reverse epidemiology of hypertension and cardiovascular death in the hemodialysis population: the 58th annual fall conference and scientific sessionsKamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif 90509 2910, USA
Hypertension 45:811-7. 2005..Although these associations may not be causal, they call into question whether treatment goals for the general population can be applied to dialysis patients or other similar populations... - Estimating bias from loss to follow-up in the Danish National Birth CohortNaomi Greene
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Epidemiology 22:815-22. 2011..Our methods and results may inform bias analyses in future pregnancy cohort studies... - Matched cohort methods for injury researchPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Epidemiol Rev 25:43-50. 2003 - Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and neurodegenerative disease: a meta-analysisXimena Vergara
From the Department of Epidemiology Drs Greenland, Kheifets, and Oksuzyan, University of California, Los Angeles UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA Department of Statistics, Los Angeles, Calif Dr Greenland, Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea Dr Cho and the Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto, Calif Drs Vergara and Mezei
J Occup Environ Med 55:135-46. 2013..Results differ between studies using proxy exposure based on occupational titles and estimated MF levels. We conducted a meta-analysis of occupational MF NDD, primarily Alzheimer disease (AD), and motor neuron diseases (MNDs) studies... - Socioeconomic status and childhood leukaemia: a reviewCharles Poole
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, 27599 7435, USA
Int J Epidemiol 35:370-84. 2006..A long-held view links higher socioeconomic status (SES) to higher rates of childhood leukaemia. Some recent studies exhibit associations in the opposite direction... - Using donor-specific antibodies to monitor the need for immunosuppressionJunichi Hoshino
Terasaki Foundation Laboratory, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Transplantation 93:1173-8. 2012..The usual measures of function--such as serum creatinine levels--are not sensitive enough to detect rejection in a timely manner... - Age of minority sexual orientation development and risk of childhood maltreatment and suicide attempts in womenHeather L Corliss
Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Am J Orthopsychiatry 79:511-21. 2009..Implications for services, interventions, and further research to address maltreatment disparities for sexual minorities are discussed... - Dependence of confounding on the target population: a modification of causal graphs to account for co-actionW Dana Flanders
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Ann Epidemiol 21:698-705. 2011..We propose a simple modification of DAG rules to overcome this limitation... - Risk factors, confounding, and the illusion of statistical controlNicholas J S Christenfeld
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 0109, USA
Psychosom Med 66:868-75. 2004..Statistical adjustment serves a useful function, but it cannot transform observational studies into natural experiments, and involves far more subjective judgment than many users realize... - Polymorphism of Xeroderma Pigmentosum group G and the risk of lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx, larynx and esophagusYan Cui
Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Int J Cancer 118:714-20. 2006..7, 38). In conclusion, our study suggests that the XPG Asp1104Asp genotype may be associated with decreased susceptibility to lung cancer and SCCOLE... - Dissecting effects of complex mixtures: who's afraid of informative priors?Duncan C Thomas
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 9011, USA
Epidemiology 18:186-90. 2007..In doing so - and by directly incorporating into our analyses information from other studies or allied fields - we can improve our ability to distinguish true causes of disease from noise and bias... - Regarding: a cohort study of systemic and local complications following implantation of testicular prosthesesLisa J Herrinton
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA, USA
Ann Epidemiol 13:73-7. 2003 - Factors affecting hepatitis vaccination refusal at a sexually transmitted disease clinic among men who have sex with menEllen T Rudy
Departments of Health Services and Epidemiology, UCLA, School of Public Health, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1772, USA
Sex Transm Dis 30:411-8. 2003..However, vaccination rates in STD clinics remain less than optimal... - HIV prevalence among foreign- and US-born clients of public STD clinicsNina T Harawa
Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, HIV Epidemiology Program, Los Angeles, CA 90005, USA
Am J Public Health 92:1958-63. 2002..We examined differences in HIV seroprevalence and the likely timing of HIV infection by birth region... - A review of multilevel theory for ecologic analysesSander Greenland
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA
Stat Med 21:389-95. 2002..Multilevel effects also severely complicate causal interpretations of model coefficients... - Do differences in relationship and partner attributes explain disparities in sexually transmitted disease among young white and black women?Nina T Harawa
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
J Adolesc Health 32:187-91. 2003..Although characteristics of sexual partners and relationships often differed by race, this did not explain racial disparities in STDs... - Increased risk of serious injury following an initial prescription for diphenhydramineWilliam D Finkle
Consolidated Research, Inc, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 89:244-50. 2002..Diphenhydramine may be associated with excess risk of injury relative to nonsedating H1-receptor antagonists... - A study of the effectiveness of a workplace violence intervention for small retail and service establishmentsCarri Casteel
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 7505, USA
J Occup Environ Med 50:1365-70. 2008..Examine the effectiveness of a robbery and violence prevention program in small businesses in Los Angeles... - Causation and causal inference in epidemiologyKenneth J Rothman
Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
Am J Public Health 95:S144-50. 2005..Causal inference in epidemiology is better viewed as an exercise in measurement of an effect rather than as a criterion-guided process for deciding whether an effect is present or not... - How far from non-differential does exposure or disease misclassification have to be to bias measures of association away from the null?Anne M Jurek
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Int J Epidemiol 37:382-5. 2008..In light of such examples, we advise that evaluation of misclassification should not be based on the assumption of exact non-differentiality unless the latter can be deduced logically from the facts of the situation... - Marijuana use and the risk of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers: results of a population-based case-control studyMia Hashibe
IARC, Lyon, France
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:1829-34. 2006.... - Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis and Bayesian analysis of smoking as an unmeasured confounder in a study of silica and lung cancerKyle Steenland
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Am J Epidemiol 160:384-92. 2004..15, 1.78). Bayesian results were similar (95% posterior limits: 1.13, 1.84). The authors believe that these types of analyses, which make explicit and quantify sources of uncertainty, should be more widely adopted by epidemiologists... - Choosing effect measures for epidemiologic dataSander Greenland
J Clin Epidemiol 55:423-4; author reply 424-5. 2002 - Curious phenomena in Bayesian adjustment for exposure misclassificationPaul Gustafson
Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z2
Stat Med 25:87-103. 2006..We focus on the simple setting of unmatched case-control analysis with binary exposure and without adjustment for confounders, though much of our discussion should be relevant more generally... - Associations between changes in hemoglobin and administered erythropoiesis-stimulating agent and survival in hemodialysis patientsDeborah L Regidor
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509-2910, USA
J Am Soc Nephrol 17:1181-91. 2006..Falling hemoglobin and requiring higher ESA doses were associated with decreased survival. Randomized clinical trials are required to examine these associations... - [The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology [STROBE] statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies]Erik von Elm
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine ISPM, University of Bern, Berna, Switzerland
Gac Sanit 22:144-50. 2008..We hope that the STROBE statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies... - The Hanford Thyroid Disease Study: an alternative view of the findingsF Owen Hoffman
SENES Oak Ridge, Inc, Center for Risk Analysis, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
Health Phys 92:99-111. 2007..We recommend that the HTDS results be interpreted as inconclusive rather than as evidence for little or no disease risk from Hanford exposures... - Bias formulas for external adjustment and sensitivity analysis of unmeasured confoundersOnyebuchi A Arah
Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Ann Epidemiol 18:637-46. 2008..The authors review and derive a set of parallel simple formulas for bias factors in the risk difference, risk ratio, and odds ratio from studies with an unmeasured polytomous confounder and a dichotomous exposure and outcome... - [The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies]Erik von Elm
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine ISPM, University of Bern, Berna, Suiza
Rev Esp Salud Publica 82:251-9. 2008..We hope that the STROBE statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies... - Erythropoietin, iron depletion, and relative thrombocytosis: a possible explanation for hemoglobin-survival paradox in hemodialysisElani Streja
Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509 2910, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 52:727-36. 2008..High doses of human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) to achieve hemoglobin levels greater than 13 g/dL in patients with chronic kidney disease appear to be associated with increased mortality... - Bounds on potential risks and causal risk differences under assumptions about confounding parametersYasutaka Chiba
Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
Stat Med 26:5125-35. 2007..With perfect compliance in one treatment group, the direction of effect becomes identifiable under our assumptions. Although the assumptions are not themselves identifiable, they are nonetheless reasonable in some situations... - The performance of random coefficient regression in accounting for residual confoundingPaul Gustafson
Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z2, Canada
Biometrics 62:760-8. 2006.... - Longitudinal associations between dietary protein intake and survival in hemodialysis patientsChristian S Shinaberger
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509-2910, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 48:37-49. 2006..Whether the association between time-varying protein intake and survival is causal or a consequence of anorexia secondary to MICS or other factors needs to be explored further in interventional trials... - Exposure-measurement error is frequently ignored when interpreting epidemiologic study resultsAnne M Jurek
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 715, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Eur J Epidemiol 21:871-6. 2006..One important source of error in study results is error in measuring exposures. When interpreting study results, one should consider the impact that exposure-measurement error (EME) might have had on study results... - Acceptance of HIV testing and counseling among unmarried young adults in Northern ThailandChuleeporn Jiraphongsa
Field Epidemiology Training Program, Division of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
AIDS Educ Prev 14:89-101. 2002..11%. Factors associated with HIV-TC acceptance were ever having had a sexually transmitted disease, being previously married, intention to get tested, and having partici pated in AIDS-related activities... - Serum and dialysate potassium concentrations and survival in hemodialysis patientsCsaba P Kovesdy
Division of Nephrology, Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salem, Virginia, USA
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2:999-1007. 2007..Controlling serum potassium is an important goal in maintenance hemodialysis patients. We examined the achievement of potassium balance through hemodialysis treatments and the associated fluctuations in serum potassium... - Multiple comparisons and association selection in general epidemiologySander Greenland
Int J Epidemiol 37:430-4. 2008 - Explaining the association of maternal age with Cesarean delivery for nulliparous and parous womenIlana F Gareen
Center for Statistical Sciences and the Department of Community Health, Brown University School of Medicine, Box G H, Providence, RI 02912, USA
J Clin Epidemiol 56:1100-10. 2003..We used data on 6,805 live births from the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey to examine the positive association between maternal age and Cesarean delivery... - A cohort study of systemic and local complications of toe prosthesesGail Husson
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, USA
Am J Orthop 32:585-92. 2003..Nonimplant patients were more often diagnosed with derangement of foot or ankle and delayed postoperative healing. We did not find a general association between implants and connective tissue diseases... - Improved estimation of controlled direct effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding of intermediate variablesSol Kaufman
Department of Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo NY 14214, USA
Stat Med 24:1683-702. 2005..An alternate 'limit-modified crude' estimator can never perform less favourably than the stratified estimator, and often has lower RMSB... - Epidemiologic review of marijuana use and cancer riskMia Hashibe
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
Alcohol 35:265-75. 2005..Despite the challenges, elucidation of the association between marijuana use and cancer risk is important in weighing the benefits and risks of medical marijuana use and to clarify the impact of marijuana use on public health... - Radiation exposure and thyroid cancerF Owen Hoffman
JAMA 296:513; author reply 514. 2006 - A method to automate probabilistic sensitivity analyses of misclassified binary variablesMatthew P Fox
Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Int J Epidemiol 34:1370-6. 2005..Misclassification bias is present in most studies, yet uncertainty about its magnitude or direction is rarely quantified...