Research Topics
| Robert M GrantSummaryAffiliation: University of California Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Accuracy of the TRUGENE HIV-1 genotyping kitRobert M Grant
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
J Clin Microbiol 41:1586-93. 2003..This integrated assay system for the detection of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations has a high degree of accuracy and reproducibility in several laboratories...
AIDS. Promote HIV chemoprophylaxis research, don't prevent itRobert M Grant
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
Science 309:2170-1. 2005- Time trends in primary HIV-1 drug resistance among recently infected personsRobert M Grant
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, PO Box 914100, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
JAMA 288:181-8. 2002..Transmission of multiclass drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may increase with wider use of antiretroviral therapy... - Persistence of primary drug resistance among recently HIV-1 infected adultsJason D Barbour
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94141-9100, USA
AIDS 18:1683-9. 2004..Surveillance and clinical detection of primary resistance is feasible in the first year of infection... - Higher CD4+ T cell counts associated with low viral pol replication capacity among treatment-naive adults in early HIV-1 infectionJason D Barbour
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
J Infect Dis 190:251-6. 2004..The pol RC value of 43% may represent a threshold below which HIV-1 has lowered virulence and is less able to deplete CD4(+) T cell counts... - Persistence of drug-resistant HIV-1 after a structured treatment interruption and its impact on treatment responseSteven G Deeks
University of California San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, 995 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
AIDS 17:361-70. 2003..We therefore studied the long-term treatment outcome to antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of patients who had previously interrupted therapy, focusing on the determinants of treatment success versus failure... - Evolution of phenotypic drug susceptibility and viral replication capacity during long-term virologic failure of protease inhibitor therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adultsJason D Barbour
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
J Virol 76:11104-12. 2002.... - Immunity to HIV-1 is influenced by continued natural exposure to exogenous virusChristian B Willberg
Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
PLoS Pathog 4:e1000185. 2008..Continued sexual exposure to exogenous HIV-1 was associated with increased HIV-1-specific T cell responses, in the absence of systemic super-infection, and correlated with the level and type of exposure... - Interruption of treatment with individual therapeutic drug classes in adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infectionSteven G Deeks
University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco 94110, USA
J Infect Dis 192:1537-44. 2005..We hypothesized that the use of simplified regimens could maintain treatment benefit while preventing viral evolution and reducing drug-related toxicity and costs... - T-cell activation and memory phenotypes in cerebrospinal fluid during HIV infectionJutta K Neuenburg
Department of Neurology, San Francisco General Hospital, General Clinical Research Center at the University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 39:16-22. 2005..In HIV-infection, activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CSF were more abundant than in uninfected controls. As expected, combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduced T cell activation in CSF and blood... - Greater CD4 T-cell gains after one year of antiretroviral therapy are associated with lower HIV-1 pol replication capacityJason D Barbour
Positive Health Program, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
AIDS 20:2123-5. 2006..Viral polRC was measured before starting ART in all subjects. We examined 243 individuals for a median 260 days after initiating ART. Low baseline polRC was associated with greater CD4 T-cell gains independent of virological responses... - Dual pressure from antiretroviral therapy and cell-mediated immune response on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease geneAnnika C Karlsson
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94141, USA
J Virol 77:6743-52. 2003..Our results indicate that both HIV type 1-specific CD8(+) T cells and antiretroviral drugs provide complex pressures on the same amino acid sequence of the HIV protease gene and, thus, can influence viral sequence evolution... - HIV-producing T cells in cerebrospinal fluidJutta K Neuenburg
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 37:1237-44. 2004..In HIV-1 infection, CSF white cell counts seem to contain a large number of uninfected cells. White cell counts and viral load in CSF may result from systemic inflammation and immune activation... - Enrichment of activated monocytes in cerebrospinal fluid during antiretroviral therapyJutta K Neuenburg
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
AIDS 19:1351-9. 2005..Although clinical brain disease is uncommon during combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), autopsy series indicate that HIV-infected brain tissue can contain high numbers of monocytes/macrophages despite ART... - High-risk sexual behavior in adults with genotypically proven antiretroviral-resistant HIV infectionPeter V Chin-Hong
Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 40:463-71. 2005..Although there is an increasing emphasis on understanding high-risk behavior among HIV-infected patients, little work has focused on those with drug-resistant virus... - CD4+ T cell kinetics and activation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who remain viremic despite long-term treatment with protease inhibitor-based therapySteven G Deeks
Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
J Infect Dis 185:315-23. 2002..These data indicate that partial virus suppression reduces CD4(+) cell turnover and activation, thereby resulting in sustained CD4(+) cell gains, and that measurements of T cell dynamics may provide an in vivo marker of viral virulence... - Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with menRobert M Grant
J David Gladstone Institutes, University of California at San Francisco, 1650 Owens St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
N Engl J Med 363:2587-99. 2010..Antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis before exposure is a promising approach for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition... - Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) effects on HIV replication and host immunity: a randomized placebo-controlled studyDonald I Abrams
Community Consortium, Positive Health Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 23:77-85. 2007.... 
Frequent international travel by men who have sex with men recently diagnosed with HIV-1: potential for transmission of primary HIV-1 drug resistanceHong M Truong
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 50 Beale Street, Suite 1300, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
J Travel Med 15:454-6. 2008..Given the high frequency of international travel and prevalence of primary HIV-1 drug resistance among study participants, prevention strategies should incorporate specific counseling on risk of cross-border transmission...- The role of viral fitness in HIV pathogenesisJason D Barbour
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2:29-34. 2005..The biological basis for elevated CD4+ T-cell counts among those carrying a virus of low pol RC may be because of lowered virus infectivity, or restricted tissue replication... - Research in situRobert M Grant
J. David Gladstone Institutes and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
Nat Methods 4:887-90. 2007 - Routine surveillance for the detection of acute and recent HIV infections and transmission of antiretroviral resistanceHong Ha M Truong
University of California San Francisco, 50 Beale Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
AIDS 20:2193-7. 2006..To estimate the rate of acute and recent HIV infections and the prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance... - Whither or wither microbicides?Robert M Grant
J David Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA
Science 321:532-4. 2008.... - Target cell APOBEC3C can induce limited G-to-A mutation in HIV-1Khaoula Bourara
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
PLoS Pathog 3:1477-85. 2007..Developing drugs that inhibit A3C may be a novel strategy for delaying viral escape from immune or antiretroviral inhibition... - Decline in HIV infectivity following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapyTravis C Porco
San Francisco Department of Public Health, Community Health and Epidemiology Section, San Francisco, CA, USA
AIDS 18:81-8. 2004..048 after the widespread use of HAART- a decline of 60% (P=0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Use of HAART by infected persons in a community appears to reduce their infectiousness and therefore may provide an important HIV prevention tool... - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 superinfection was not detected following 215 years of injection drug user exposureRose Tsui
Blood Systems Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
J Virol 78:94-103. 2004..00, 0.79; P = 0.02), indicating that existing infection conferred a statistically significant level of protection against superinfection with an HIV-1 strain of the same subtype, which was between 21 and 100%... - Emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in patients undergoing structured treatment interruptionsBecky Schweighardt
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
AIDS 16:2342-4. 2002..We concluded that the repeated abrupt termination and resumption of certain antiretroviral drug regimens during STI therapy may lead to the development of drug resistance in chronically HIV-infected individuals... - Sexual seroadaptation: lessons for prevention and sex research from a cohort of HIV-positive men who have sex with menJ Jeff McConnell
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California, United States of America
PLoS ONE 5:e8831. 2010..However, such analyses can be confounded by "seroadaptation"--the restriction of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), especially unprotected insertive UAI, to seroconcordant partnerships... - Distinct patterns of cytokine regulation of APOBEC3G expression and activity in primary lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cellsKim S Stopak
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
J Biol Chem 282:3539-46. 2007..Together, these results highlight the distinct inductive effects of select cytokines on A3G gene expression and A3G complex assembly that occur in natural cellular targets of HIV infection... - Differential persistence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance mutation classesVivek Jain
HIV AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
J Infect Dis 203:1174-81. 2011..The impact of class-specific mutations on this rate of mutation replacement is uncertain... - HIV-1 superinfection and viral diversityKimber L Gross
San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
AIDS 18:1513-20. 2004..The relationship between recombination in cellular infections and recombinant fractions in populations is complex and depends on epidemiological factors and biological factors that can be modeled... - Changes in seroadaptive practices from before to after diagnosis of recent HIV infection among men who have sex with menSnigdha Vallabhaneni
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
PLoS ONE 8:e55397. 2013..We assessed changes in sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM), before and for several years after HIV diagnosis, accounting for adoption of a variety of seroadaptive practices... - Duration and predictors of CD4 T-cell gains in patients who continue combination therapy despite detectable plasma viremiaSteven G Deeks
UCSF AIDS Program, University of California and San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
AIDS 16:201-7. 2002..Sustained elevations in CD4 cell counts commonly occur despite incomplete viral suppression with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy... - Increased thymic mass and circulating naive CD4 T cells in HIV-1-infected adults treated with growth hormoneLaura A Napolitano
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
AIDS 16:1103-11. 2002..CONCLUSION: GH has significant effects on the human immune system, including the reversal of thymic atrophy in HIV-1-infected adults. De-novo T cell production may thus be inducible in immunodeficient adults... - Selective loss of innate CD4(+) V alpha 24 natural killer T cells in human immunodeficiency virus infectionJohan K Sandberg
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94141, USA
J Virol 76:7528-34. 2002..These data indicate that the key immunoregulatory NKT-cell compartment is compromised in HIV-1-infected patients... - Seroconversion following nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis against HIVMichelle E Roland
Positive Health Program at San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA
Clin Infect Dis 41:1507-13. 2005..We sought to describe the occurrence and circumstances of HIV seroconversion following nonoccupational PEP... - HIV-related neuropathology, 1985 to 1999: rising prevalence of HIV encephalopathy in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapyJutta K Neuenburg
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 31:171-7. 2002..Although combination therapies decrease overall mortality and prevalence of CNS opportunistic infections, these therapies may be less active in preventing direct HIV-1 effects on the brain... - Antiretroviral agents used by HIV-uninfected persons for prevention: pre- and postexposure prophylaxisRobert M Grant
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology and University of California, San Francisco, USA
Clin Infect Dis 50:S96-101. 2010..Future implementation, if warranted, will be guided by the results of clinical trials in progress and engagement of communities exposed to HIV... - Progress toward a human CD4/CCR5 transgenic rat model for de novo infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1Oliver T Keppler
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94141, USA
J Exp Med 195:719-36. 2002..Transgenic rats also displayed a low-level plasma viremia early in infection. Thus, transgenic rats expressing the appropriate human receptor complex are promising candidates for a small animal model of HIV-1 infection... - Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV: unproven promise and potential pitfallsAlbert Y Liu
HIV Research Section, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, Calif 94102, USA
JAMA 296:863-5. 2006 - Real-time quantitation of HIV-1 p24 and SIV p27 using fluorescence-linked antigen quantification assaysMatthew S Hayden
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
AIDS 17:629-31. 2003..The speed, simplicity, and wide dynamic range of FIAQ assays makes them superior to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for many applications performed in research laboratories... - Drug resistance mutations in HIV-1Jonathan M Schapiro
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Top HIV Med 11:92-6. 2003 - Performance characteristics of the TRUGENE HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and the Opengene DNA Sequencing SystemDaniel R Kuritzkes
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
J Clin Microbiol 41:1594-9. 2003..The TRUGENE HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and OpenGene DNA Sequencing System consistently generate highly accurate sequence data when tested with IMC-derived HIV and patient samples... - Absence of HBV and HCV, HTLV-I and -II, and human herpes virus-8 activation after allogeneic RBC transfusion in patients with advanced HIV-1 infectionDavid M Asmuth
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Suite 6200 PSSB, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
Transfusion 43:451-8. 2003.... - Detection of acute HIV infectionsJeffrey D Klausner
N Engl J Med 353:631-3; author reply 631-3. 2005 - Increased human T-lymphotropic virus type II proviral load following highly active retroviral therapy in HIV-coinfected patientsEdward L Murphy
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 33:655-6. 2003 - High levels of adherence do not prevent accumulation of HIV drug resistance mutationsDavid R Bangsberg
Epidemiology and Prevention Interventions Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco General Hospital, California, USA
AIDS 17:1925-32. 2003..Exceptionally high levels of adherence will not prevent population levels of drug resistance... - A decrease in drug resistance levels of the HIV epidemic can be bad newsMaria S Sanchez
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Bull Math Biol 67:761-82. 2005..Our results call for improved efforts to control the epidemic in developed nations, and highlight the usefulness of drug resistant strains as epidemiological markers... - Resistance testing in drug-naive HIV-infected patients: is it time?Frederick M Hecht
Clin Infect Dis 41:1324-5. 2005 - Randomized, controlled trial of therapy interruption in chronic HIV-1 infectionEmmanouil Papasavvas
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
PLoS Med 1:e64. 2004..Based on these findings, we suggest that further clinical research on the long-term consequences of TI strategies to decrease drug exposure is warranted... - Genotypic resistance and immunologic outcomes among HIV-1-infected women with viral failureStephen J Gange
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41:68-74. 2006.... - HIV drug-resistant strains as epidemiologic sentinelsMaria S Sanchez
University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 12:191-7. 2006..Our study highlights how drug resistance markers can be used as epidemiologic sentinels to devise public health solutions... - Linking HIV and antiretroviral drug resistance surveillance in Peru: a model for a third-generation HIV sentinel surveillanceJavier R Lama
Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Lima, Peru
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 42:501-5. 2006..HIV drug resistance surveillance is limited by recruitment and selection bias and by limited information regarding HIV incidence rates, secondary resistance, and treatment prevalence... - Antiretroviral therapy for hepatitis B virus-HIV-coinfected patients: promises and pitfallsVivian Levy
Stanford University Division of Infectious Diseases, USA
Clin Infect Dis 43:904-10. 2006.... - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces DNA replication stress in vitro and in vivoErik S Zimmerman
Division of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
J Virol 80:10407-18. 2006..We report that infected cells in vivo display an aberrant cell cycle profile whereby a majority of cells have a 4N DNA content, consistent with the onset of G2 arrest... - Virological evaluation of the 'Ottawa case' indicates no evidence for HIV-1 superinfectionJonathan B Angel
Ottawa Health Research Institute and The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
AIDS 18:331-4. 2004..Whether HIV-1 superinfection contributes to disease progression or the spread of drug-resistant HIV-1 remains unknown... - Lack of persistent drug-resistant mutations evaluated within and between treatment interruptions in chronically HIV-1-infected patientsEmmanouil Papasavvas
Wistar Institute and the Philadelphia Field Initiating Group for HIV-1 Trials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
AIDS 17:2337-43. 2003.... - Chemoprophylaxis of HIV infection: moving forward with cautionRobert M Grant
J Infect Dis 194:874-6. 2006