M Ganguli

..Depression is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. It is less clear whether depression contributes to further cognitive decline over time, independently of incipient dementia...

..To identify characteristics of older primary care patients who were cognitively impaired and who underwent mental status testing by their physicians...

..The context, costs, and objectives of screening a given population should be considered when selecting a screening instrument and a threshold on the scale, whether for clinical or research purposes...

..To estimate the prevalence and examine the course of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), amnestic type, using current criteria, within a representative community sample...

..The objective of this study was to examine associations between discrepancies in health information provided to primary care providers and severity of impairment in older patients with and without dementia...

..To examine the association between alcohol use and cognitive decline in a longitudinal study of a representative elderly community sample free of dementia at baseline...

..To examine the impact of subjective depressive symptoms on objective performance on tests of several cognitive domains, in a community-based sample of older adults...

..Performance on cognitive tests can be affected by age, education, and also selection bias. We examined the distribution of scores on several cognitive screening tests by age and educational levels in a population-based cohort...

..To estimate and compare the frequency and prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and related entities using different classification approaches at the population level...

..At the population level, changes in both directions are observable in functional status, with different neuropsychological measures predicting the direction of change...

..Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been defined in several ways...

..Alzheimer disease (AD) is considered a leading cause of death, but few studies have examined the contribution of AD to mortality based on follow-up of representative US cohorts...

..The APOE*E4 allele of the gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) has been reported as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD) to varying degrees in different ethnic groups...

..Selection methods vary greatly in ease and cost-effectiveness. The effects of selection factors associated with subjects' recruitment into studies can introduce bias and seriously limit the generalizability of results...

..To examine the association between denture wearing and use of dental services, oral function limitations, and medical and cognitive status in a community-based cohort of rural older adults enrolled in an epidemiological study...

..However, the relatively short duration of follow-up, cultural factors, and other potential confounders suggest caution in interpreting this finding...

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..The association of this drug with cognitive impairment in persons without dementia highlights its potential for causing adverse reactions in older adults...

..By contrast, increasing age has little effect on lexical decision. Thus, our data suggest that the SCOLP shows promise as a tool to help distinguish between normal aging and the early stages of dementia...

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..In conclusion, we observed no association between either the intronic deletion polymorphism or the Ile1000Val polymorphism of A2M and AD in our case-control cohort...

..These findings might help us understand the underlying evolution of the early neurodegenerative process. They highlight the importance of executive dysfunction early in the disease process and might facilitate early detection of AD...

..Exercise may have implications for prevention of cognitive decline...

..Our data show no effect of this cathepsin G polymorphism in AD. Characterization of additional polymorphisms in this gene may provide more conclusive answers...

..0002). Although we have been unable to replicate the reported GWAS association with AD risk in our sample, we have identified two new associations with AAO and disease duration that need to be confirmed in additional studies...

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..For instance, it is possible that older adults with dementia would be less likely to participate in a study of dementing disorders...

..CONCLUSIONS: In both Indian and American samples, lower DBP was inversely related to cognitive impairment, although not significantly in the latter. Low BP may be an effect of, or a potential risk factor for, degenerative brain disease...

..43. This is a potential candidate gene for AD as this is expressed in the brain and is involved in lipid metabolism. These findings need to be confirmed in additional samples...

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..Dementia screening is currently recommended only for symptomatic patients...

..Attrition from mortality is common in longitudinal studies of the elderly. Ignoring the resulting non-response or missing data can bias study results...

..To examine whether there is an association between engagement in reading and hobbies and dementia risk in late life...

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..To compare, in a longitudinal cohort study, declines in specific cognitive domains on their ability to predict time to death, in the presence and absence of dementia, and to explore an explanatory role for vascular disease...

..We report population-based normative data on these tests from two combined ethnically divergent, cognitively normal, representative population samples of older adults...

..It is not yet known how broadly this work will generalize to the community at large...

..We examined the association between CHF and cognitive performance in stable outpatients recruited from primary care...

..As the survivors are de facto a largely healthy and motivated group, their data can be considered population-based healthy norms and may serve as a reference for other studies conducting repeated evaluations using the same tests...

..To identify predictors of institutionalization in a community-based cohort of older adults...

..Depression, functional disability, cognitive impairment, and self-rated health all predict mortality in the elderly population. There is no consensus on their relative contributions when examined together...

..To compare the use of lipid-lowering drugs in community-dwelling older adults with and without dementia...

..To our knowledge, there has not yet been any systematic study of the prevalence of SAA and its effect on cognition in a community-based population...

..Longitudinally, age, sex, social support, alcohol use, and gambling are predictive of future gambling activity. The results revealed that gambling may offer a forum of social support to older adults who are often isolated as they age...

..3, 95% confidence interval = 1.4-20.9). History of stroke/TIA had little effect on the likelihood of having AD in subjects without an APOE*4 allele...

..The aim of this study was to explore associations between 2 specific cognitive domains and aspects of medication management among older primary care patients...

..In this largely illiterate community, with a low prevalence of dementia, the combination of cognitive tests and a functional ability questionnaire had substantial value for population screening...

..Simple balance tests can help assess falls risk, particularly in cognitively impaired elderly who have elevated falls risk and might not accurately recall previous falls...

..A greater number of distal supports were associated with higher hospitalization rates and emergency contacts among the participants diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder, but not among those diagnosed with schizophrenia...

..RESULTS: Hemoglobin was inversely associated with AD after adjustment for age, sex, and literacy. CONCLUSION: Low hemoglobin is associated with AD and should be investigated further as a modifiable risk factor...

..CONCLUSIONS: This report addresses issues particularly relevant to data management and quality assurance at developing country sites, and to collaborations between sites in developed and developing countries...

..This review will address what is known and what has yet to be determined about MCI from the perspectives of the classic 7 uses of epidemiology...

..To identify factors associated with sustained benzodiazepine use in older adults...

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..To test the Mini-Cog, a brief cognitive screening test, in an epidemiological study of dementia in older Americans...

..Other definitions and subtypes of mild cognitive impairment need to be studied as potential prodromes of Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia...

..Cognitive impairment in general is known to predict functional disability, but it is not clear whether performance on specific cognitive domains predicts future disability trends among nondemented elderly persons...

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..100 years after the first description, Alzheimer's disease is one of the most disabling and burdensome health conditions worldwide. We used the Delphi consensus method to determine dementia prevalence for each world region...

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..They will also assist in formulating appropriate policies and guidelines for early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of excess disability. ..

..Each trainee will develop an independent research project application as part of the training and be evaluated on acquired knowledge, skills, and productivity. ..

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..Additional objectives are to refine cognitive screening methodology, particularly for distinguishing normal from abnormal decline, and to explore the pharmacoepidemiology of cognitive impairment and dementia...

..This knowledge is needed so that individuals in the larger community can be appropriately targeted for prevention and early intervention strategies. ..