Myles Faith

..This study examined the relationships among BMI, HRQoL, and symptoms of depression in persons with extreme obesity...

..To address this gap, we tested whether infant temperament and eating patterns at the age of 1 year are associated with a greater increase in standardized weight status, and greater obesity risk at 6 years of age...

..Insights may be achieved by testing whether the eating patterns of children are associated with demographic variables or whether they aggregate among family members...

..Parental feeding styles were linked to child weight in cross-sectional studies, which were unable to test the direction of effect. Prospective studies can best establish causal relationships among such variables...

..Longitudinal studies are needed to test underlying causal pathways, including bidirectional causal models, and to substantiate findings in the presence of other obesity risk factors...

..The term BG may misleadingly imply only the classic twin design or just heritability estimation; BG strategies can be adapted creatively to address a range of questions concerning the development of child appetite and eating regulation...

..Two areas of importance are the roles of cultural differences, as well as genes that confer risk for overweight, on the relationship between restriction and child weight status...

..The primary aim of this study was to compare children born at high vs. low risk for obesity with respect to EAH at 5 years of age...

..To illustrate the use and potential efficiency of the co-twin control design for testing behavioral economic theories of child nutrition...

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..Recommendations for future research regarding study samples, measurement and data analysis are provided...

..There are few validated instruments measuring parental beliefs about parent-child feeding relations and child compliance during meals...

..Advances in behavioral science theory and methods can play an important role in advancing understanding of gene-brain-behavior relationships in obesity onset...

..Certain mother-child feeding patterns (MCFPs) may promote childhood obesity and/or disordered eating...

..The genetics of habitual food and beverage intake in early childhood is poorly understood...

..These data suggest that increased activation in the brain's visuospatial and reward circuitry underlies abstinence-induced cravings to smoke, and thereby, may be important in relapse...

..While preliminary, these results suggest a neural mechanism through which these genetic variants may be linked with nicotine dependence, and provide further support for increased biological vulnerability in these subgroups of smokers...

..This study compared 4-year changes in daily energy density (ED; kcal/g) in children born at different risk for obesity, characterized the stability of ED and examined associations between ED and child body composition...

..Future studies testing associations between depression and obesity should be sensitive to the influence of these demographic and socio-economic variables...

..However, the singular impact of this community intervention on correcting energy imbalance may be minimal, having slight impact itself on reducing the national obesity prevalence...

..Increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juice has been associated with overweight in children...

..Moreover, the large gap in available information for certain topics makes MRI measurement a dynamic and growing scientific area of body composition investigation...

..Young children may be more capable of quantitatively reporting feelings of satiety than is commonly believed, if appropriate experimental materials are used...

..Based on suggested skeletal muscle-bone relationships, this study tested the hypothesis that in children and adolescents lean tissue mass (LTM) is a better predictor of total bone mineral content (TBMC) than is FM...

..Young children adjust their short-term intake in response to variations in energy density (ED; kcal/g) from preloads in laboratory studies. It remains unknown whether this compensation also occurs under free-living conditions...

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..Genetically informative designs that infuse innovative behavioral measures may help explain individual differences in eating styles and hopefully promote more effective obesity treatments...

..These results differ from patterns previously observed in males and may reflect sex differences in fat distribution. Research using superior measures of body fat amount and distribution may resolve these discrepancies...

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..Future directions may involve longitudinal assessment of child growth and molecular analyses for specific genes that influence child eating behavior...

..There is a need for longitudinal and mechanistic studies to understand casual pathways and greater collaboration between depression and obesity specialists...

..CONCLUSION: WC is more closely linked to cardiovascular disease risk factors than is BMI...

..To determine whether novelty seeking and depressive symptoms had mediated or indirect effects on adolescent smoking progression through tobacco advertising receptivity...

..Future experiments will validate this scaling procedure for measuring fullness in real eating situations. If successful, this methodology might have applications to the measurement of other bodily sensations in young children...

..National health guidelines advocate increased physical activity in children and adolescents, but specific goals are not being achieved. Data are needed on variables that influence children's decision to be active or sedentary...

..01). Adding joint pain and obesity-related comorbidities into models attenuated BMI-HRQL associations. DISCUSSION: Associations between BMI and HRQL indices were J-shaped. Joint pain and comorbidities may mediate BMI-HRQL associations...

..Analyses revealed that only self-esteem, adult teasing, and ISAS predicted BID. Results highlight the importance of adulthood self-esteem and interpersonal-cultural context--rather than childhood experiences--in predicting adulthood BID...

..The gradients of these changes are inversely related to baseline BMI and do not substantially depend on gender...

..However, power to detect a locus with the lesser (in magnitude) displacement effect does not necessarily increase with extremity of sampling. Combinations of extreme discordant and extreme concordant sibling pairs are briefly discussed...

..Contemplated policy changes should weigh scientific evidence with social judgments and values concerning changes to the environment...

..These subjects will make it possible to assess the effects of behavioral factors over time in a cohort that has been identified as being at high risk for obesity and thereby elucidate critical gene-environmental interactions. ..

..This investigation is designed to provide new insights into environmental manipulations that will induce food substitutions compatible with obesity prevention, while advancing behavioral-economics theory. ..

..In terms of long-term goals, the candidate will obtain the skills to successfully compete for advanced research programs (e.g., FIRST AWARD, RO-1) concerning environmental influences on child eating behavior and adiposity. ..