Kristine Ensrud

..However, the associations between fractional calcium absorption, dietary calcium intake, and risk for fracture have never been studied...

..To test the hypothesis that unintentional weight loss increases the rate of bone loss and risk of hip fracture more than intentional weight loss...

..To test the hypothesis that older women with antiepileptic drug (AED) use have increased rates of bone loss...

..To determine whether current use of central nervous system (CNS)-active medications, including benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and narcotics, increases the risk for subsequent falls...

..In summary, greater frequency of provider visits to hemodialysis patients associates with a small but significant reduction in hospitalizations, but it does not consistently associate with lower risk for death...

..Few patients receive dietary counseling before end-stage renal disease onset; whether such counseling is associated with improved outcomes is unknown...

..5 mg/d is consistent across different categories of CHD risk...

..Although we found almost all fracture types to be related to low BMD, the overall proportion of fractures attributable to low BMD is modest...

..It describes the implications of these issues for the interpretation of intervention effects observed in intervention trials, and provides recommendations for future research...

..CONCLUSION: Improvement in spine bone mineral density during treatment with antiresorptive drugs accounts for a predictable but small part of the observed reduction in the risk of vertebral fracture...

..To determine whether sleep quality is associated with physical function in older men...

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..To investigate the effect of ultralow-dose transdermal estradiol on postmenopausal symptoms and side effects in a cohort of largely asymptomatic postmenopausal women aged 60 to 80 years...

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..Osteoblasts and osteocytes express functional serotonin transporters; serotonin transporter gene disruption in mice results in osteopenia; and SSRI use has been associated with increased risk of hip fracture...

..Serotonin transporters have recently been described in bone, raising the possibility that medications that block serotonin reuptake could affect bone metabolism...

..To ascertain whether depressive symptoms are associated with increased rates of bone loss at the hip...

..To determine whether bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with age-related maculopathy (ARM) risk in older women...

..There was no increase in adverse events among women with impaired renal function treated with alendronate. Alendronate is safe and effective among this group of women with reduced renal function...

..Whether repeat bone mineral density (BMD) measurement adds benefit beyond the initial BMD measurement in predicting fractures in older women is unknown...

..An increased rate of hip fractures has been reported in patients with end-stage renal disease, but the effect of less severe renal dysfunction on fracture risk is uncertain...

..To determine whether poorer visual acuity and contrast sensitivity are independent risk factors for all-cause and traumatic mortality in older women...

..The optimal duration of treatment of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis is uncertain...

..The effect of PTH therapy on serum and urinary calcium levels and the risk of hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria has not been formally evaluated...

..To determine the association between use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and objective measures of sleep disturbances in older community-dwelling women, including women without evidence of depression...

..Studies examining the association between loop diuretics and bone mineral density (BMD) are lacking, particularly those involving men...

..This suggests that the protective effects of ultra-low-dose estrogen therapy on the postmenopausal skeletal health may depend critically on women's endogenous estrogen levels before treatment...

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..In conclusion, raloxifene increases BMD at both the hip and the spine and reduces the risk for vertebral fractures among individuals with CKD. The effect ofraloxifene on hip BMD is greater among those with mild to moderate CKD...

..02). The MMP2 rs2287074 A allele may be associated with a lower likelihood of ARM in older Caucasian women, particularly those who have never used hormone therapy. The role of MMP2 rs2287074 in ARM should be further elucidated...

..To examine the association between depressive symptoms and subjective and objective measures of sleep in community-dwelling older men...

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..Frailty, as defined by the index derived from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS index), predicts risk of adverse outcomes in older adults. Use of this index, however, is impractical in clinical practice...

..Women osteoporotic only at spine would not have been identified from hip BMD measurement alone, and may have a sufficiently high fracture risk to warrant preventive treatment...

..Women with low bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalent vertebral fractures have a greater risk of incident vertebral fractures over the short-term, but their absolute risk of vertebral fracture over the long-term is uncertain...

..This study investigated the association between BMI and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis in a cohort of older Caucasian women enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures...

..Treatment with raloxifene for 5 yr reduced the risk of clinical vertebral fractures, but not nonvertebral fractures, irrespective of the presence or absence of risk factors for fracture...

..Osteoporotic fractures are common among elderly men...

..To describe the association between frailty and health status, the progression of frailty, and the relationship between frailty and mortality in older men...

..However, the predictive validity of this phenotype for fracture outcomes and across risk subgroups is uncertain...

..Hip fracture risk assessment strategies incorporating prior fracture history should also consider elapsed time since those prior fractures...

..As in women, lumbar spine BMD in men is only weakly associated with risk of hip fracture. Regardless of whether sex-specific or female reference values were used, T scores indicated different risks of fractures in men than in women...

..Validation of such an approach would require intervention trials in patients with prior wrist fracture...

..Studies are needed to determine whether treatment of vision and hearing impairment can decrease the risk for cognitive and functional decline...

..Clinicians should be alert to factors other than BMD that place older women at a high risk of hip fracture...

..The long-term effects of the selective estrogen-receptor modulator raloxifene hydrochloride on glycemic control and markers of cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown...

..However, among women who discontinued alendronate and took placebo in the extension, BMD remained higher, and reduction in bone turnover was greater than values at FIT baseline, showing persistence of alendronate's effects on bone...

..The purpose of this analysis was to compare the effects of two dietary supplements derived from red clover to placebo on lipids and bone turnover markers in symptomatic menopausal women...

..1% and 1.8%, respectively; p < or = 0.0001 versus placebo) with 2.5 mg ibandronate after 24 months. Oral ibandronate is a promising option for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss...

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..We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study of parathyroid hormone and alendronate to test the hypothesis that the concurrent administration of the two agents would increase bone density more than the use of either one alone...

..Physical activity has been related to reduced mortality, but it is not clear whether changes in physical activity affect mortality among older women...

..Use of central nervous system (CNS) active medications may increase the risk for fractures. Prior studies are limited by incomplete control of confounders...

..To determine whether older women with diabetes have an increased risk of falls and whether known risk factors for falls account for any increased risk...

..The decreased vertebral fracture risk in yr 4 alone was not different from that observed in the first 3 yr...

..Identifying elderly drivers who are at risk for automobile crashes may help direct interventions to reduce their high rate of injuries and deaths...

..Risk factors and low BMD should be useful to help focus efforts to prevent these fractures...

..7%/yr in those with weight loss; test for trend, P < 0.001). Older men who experience weight loss have increased rates of hip bone loss, even among overweight and obese men undergoing voluntary weight reduction...

..To test the association between self-reported sleep and nap habits and risk of falls and fractures in a large cohort of older women...

..Relations of femoral neck dimensions and vBMD to age differed from those in the shaft, indicating that patterns of bone modeling and remodeling in the neck and shaft are distinct...

..5. These conclusions are robust to reasonable changes in fracture rates, assumed fracture disutility, discount rates, relative risk of fracture attributable to vertebral deformity, alendronate cost, and drug adherence...

..Black women have a lower rate of fracture than white women, but whether bone mineral density (BMD) predicts fracture risk as well in black women as it does in white women is not established...

..Confirmation of these findings is needed in other populations and with additional markers within and flanking the NOS3 gene region...

..To determine whether higher adiposity is associated with greater breast cancer risk in older postmenopausal women...

..To investigate the cost-effectiveness of universal bone densitometry in women aged 65 and older combined with alendronate treatment for those diagnosed with osteoporosis (femoral neck T-score < or = -2.5)...

..To examine the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of falls...

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..In the continuation of this trial, we asked whether antiresorptive therapy is required to maintain gains in bone mineral density after one year of therapy with parathyroid hormone (1-84)...

..The proportion of deformities clinically diagnosed ranged from <15% for milder deformities to nearly 30% for more severe deformities...

..Treatment guidelines recommend drug treatment to prevent fractures for some postmenopausal women who have low bone mass (osteopenia) but do not have osteoporosis or a history of clinical fractures...

..There was no association between postmenopausal oophorectomy and the risk of hip or vertebral fractures...

..We studied the association of beta-blocker use with BMD and fractures in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. beta-blocker use and BMD are unrelated in this cohort, and associations with fracture risk are inconsistent...

..To examine the relationship between diabetes and the incidence of functional disability and to determine the predictors of functional disability among older women with diabetes...

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..We will also supplement the bank of MrOS specimens to allow for testing of future hypotheses concerning the role of sleep in the development of age-related diseases and conditions. ..

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..Continued study of this unique cohort is likely to produce important advances in understanding and preventing fractures in older women...

..We propose using our archived DNA specimens and existing data about hip and vertebral fractures, breast cancer, bone mass, serum sex hormones and lipoproteins to determine whether these ER variations have biological importance. ..

..The SOF Coordinating Center was funded for 5 years; SOF clinical centers for 3 years. In order to meet these aims, two years of support is requested for the SOF clinical centers. ..