Kristine E Ensrud

..To determine the association between use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and objective measures of sleep disturbances in older community-dwelling women, including women without evidence of depression...

..Treatment with raloxifene for 5 yr reduced the risk of clinical vertebral fractures, but not nonvertebral fractures, irrespective of the presence or absence of risk factors for fracture...

..Osteoporotic fractures are common among elderly men...

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..To examine the association between kidney function and cognitive impairment and decline in elderly men...

..008). Similar results were found at both the distal and midshaft of the radius. The findings of this study suggest the importance of maintaining levels of physical activity and muscle strength in older men to prevent bone fragility...

..Vitamin D deficiency and frailty are common with aging, but the association between these conditions is uncertain...

..5. These conclusions are robust to reasonable changes in fracture rates, assumed fracture disutility, discount rates, relative risk of fracture attributable to vertebral deformity, alendronate cost, and drug adherence...

..Use of central nervous system (CNS) active medications may increase the risk for fractures. Prior studies are limited by incomplete control of confounders...

..To determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and frailty status in older men...

..To test the hypothesis that sleep disturbances are independently associated with frailty status in older men...

..Frailty, as defined by the index derived from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS index), predicts risk of adverse outcomes in older adults. Use of this index, however, is impractical in clinical practice...

..We tested the hypothesis that lower 25(OH)D levels are associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment and risk of cognitive decline...

..Serotonin transporters have recently been described in bone, raising the possibility that medications that block serotonin reuptake could affect bone metabolism...

..Vitamin D deficiency is common among older adults, but the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and rates of bone loss is uncertain...

..These data demonstrate that older men with T2DM have bone strength that is low relative to body weight at the cortical-rich midshaft of the radius despite no difference in cortical vBMD...

..To investigate the cost-effectiveness of universal bone densitometry in women aged 65 and older combined with alendronate treatment for those diagnosed with osteoporosis (femoral neck T-score < or = -2.5)...

..Hip fracture risk assessment strategies incorporating prior fracture history should also consider elapsed time since those prior fractures...

..These results should be confirmed in other populations...

..Women osteoporotic only at spine would not have been identified from hip BMD measurement alone, and may have a sufficiently high fracture risk to warrant preventive treatment...

..Confirmation of these findings is needed in other populations and with additional markers within and flanking the NOS3 gene region...

..Validation of such an approach would require intervention trials in patients with prior wrist fracture...

..TCA use was associated with a higher risk of nonspine fracture, but this association was in part explained by confounding factors...

..We determined the association between the magnitude of creatinine increase after cardiac surgery and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), CKD progression, and death...

..The clinical value of measuring testosterone and estradiol in older men with osteoporosis and of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) in older men with testosterone or estradiol deficiency is uncertain...

..Clinicians should be alert to factors other than BMD that place older women at a high risk of hip fracture...

..To examine the association between depressive symptoms and subjective and objective measures of sleep in community-dwelling older men...

..Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and osteoporosis are chronic illnesses that increase in prevalence with aging and certain metabolic disorders. The association between PAD, rates of bone loss, and fracture risk in older men is uncertain...

..An increased rate of hip fractures has been reported in patients with end-stage renal disease, but the effect of less severe renal dysfunction on fracture risk is uncertain...

..There is increasing evidence linking phosphorus and calcium levels to a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population...

..However, the predictive validity of this phenotype for fracture outcomes and across risk subgroups is uncertain...

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..To ascertain whether depressive symptoms are associated with increased rates of bone loss at the hip...

..Older men with less robust RAR and earlier acrophase timing have modestly higher all-cause and CVD-related mortality rates. Further research should examine potential biological mechanisms underlying this association...

..To examine the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of falls...

..The aim of this study was to determine the effect of escitalopram on insomnia symptoms and subjective sleep quality in healthy perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with hot flashes...

..To determine whether greater frequency and severity of hot flashes are independently associated with insomnia symptoms and objective measures of disrupted sleep among healthy postmenopausal women with hot flashes...

..In conclusion, raloxifene increases BMD at both the hip and the spine and reduces the risk for vertebral fractures among individuals with CKD. The effect ofraloxifene on hip BMD is greater among those with mild to moderate CKD...

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..To test the hypothesis that non-frail older men with poorer sleep at baseline are at increased risk of frailty and death at follow-up...

..This suggests that the protective effects of ultra-low-dose estrogen therapy on the postmenopausal skeletal health may depend critically on women's endogenous estrogen levels before treatment...

..7%/yr in those with weight loss; test for trend, P < 0.001). Older men who experience weight loss have increased rates of hip bone loss, even among overweight and obese men undergoing voluntary weight reduction...

..However, among women who discontinued alendronate and took placebo in the extension, BMD remained higher, and reduction in bone turnover was greater than values at FIT baseline, showing persistence of alendronate's effects on bone...

..Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between mild reductions in renal function and SDB is uncertain...

..The proportion of deformities clinically diagnosed ranged from <15% for milder deformities to nearly 30% for more severe deformities...

..To examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and objective measures of physical performance...

..To test the hypothesis that unintentional weight loss increases the rate of bone loss and risk of hip fracture more than intentional weight loss...

..Treatment guidelines recommend drug treatment to prevent fractures for some postmenopausal women who have low bone mass (osteopenia) but do not have osteoporosis or a history of clinical fractures...

..However, it is uncertain whether prediction with FRAX models is superior to that based on parsimonious models...

..Identifying elderly drivers who are at risk for automobile crashes may help direct interventions to reduce their high rate of injuries and deaths...

..To characterize prescribing of carvedilol and controlled-release (CR) metoprolol for veterans with heart failure who were predominantly elderly (aged > or = 65) and to compare the time to first hospitalization or death...

..CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that phytoestrogens available as soy foods, soy extracts, and red clover extracts do not improve hot flushes or other menopausal symptoms...

..To determine whether current use of central nervous system (CNS)-active medications, including benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and narcotics, increases the risk for subsequent falls...

..The purpose of this analysis was to compare the effects of two dietary supplements derived from red clover to placebo on lipids and bone turnover markers in symptomatic menopausal women...

..To determine whether older women with diabetes have an increased risk of falls and whether known risk factors for falls account for any increased risk...

..There was no association between postmenopausal oophorectomy and the risk of hip or vertebral fractures...

..083). CONCLUSIONS: Loss of vision among elderly women increases the risk of frequent falls. Prevention or correction of visual loss may help reduce the number of future falls...

..1% and 1.8%, respectively; p < or = 0.0001 versus placebo) with 2.5 mg ibandronate after 24 months. Oral ibandronate is a promising option for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss...

..The decreased vertebral fracture risk in yr 4 alone was not different from that observed in the first 3 yr...

..The optimal duration of treatment of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis is uncertain...

..We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study of parathyroid hormone and alendronate to test the hypothesis that the concurrent administration of the two agents would increase bone density more than the use of either one alone...

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..The long-term effects of the selective estrogen-receptor modulator raloxifene hydrochloride on glycemic control and markers of cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus are unknown...

..Physical activity has been related to reduced mortality, but it is not clear whether changes in physical activity affect mortality among older women...

..Studies are needed to determine whether treatment of vision and hearing impairment can decrease the risk for cognitive and functional decline...

..To determine whether bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with age-related maculopathy (ARM) risk in older women...

..There was no increase in adverse events among women with impaired renal function treated with alendronate. Alendronate is safe and effective among this group of women with reduced renal function...

..Whether repeat bone mineral density (BMD) measurement adds benefit beyond the initial BMD measurement in predicting fractures in older women is unknown...

..In the continuation of this trial, we asked whether antiresorptive therapy is required to maintain gains in bone mineral density after one year of therapy with parathyroid hormone (1-84)...

..To determine whether poorer visual acuity and contrast sensitivity are independent risk factors for all-cause and traumatic mortality in older women...

..The effect of PTH therapy on serum and urinary calcium levels and the risk of hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria has not been formally evaluated...

..To determine whether higher adiposity is associated with greater breast cancer risk in older postmenopausal women...

..As in women, lumbar spine BMD in men is only weakly associated with risk of hip fracture. Regardless of whether sex-specific or female reference values were used, T scores indicated different risks of fractures in men than in women...

..Relations of femoral neck dimensions and vBMD to age differed from those in the shaft, indicating that patterns of bone modeling and remodeling in the neck and shaft are distinct...

..Black women have a lower rate of fracture than white women, but whether bone mineral density (BMD) predicts fracture risk as well in black women as it does in white women is not established...

..Osteoblasts and osteocytes express functional serotonin transporters; serotonin transporter gene disruption in mice results in osteopenia; and SSRI use has been associated with increased risk of hip fracture...

..Studies examining the association between loop diuretics and bone mineral density (BMD) are lacking, particularly those involving men...

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..Risk factors and low BMD should be useful to help focus efforts to prevent these fractures...

..To examine the relationship between diabetes and the incidence of functional disability and to determine the predictors of functional disability among older women with diabetes...

..Women with low bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalent vertebral fractures have a greater risk of incident vertebral fractures over the short-term, but their absolute risk of vertebral fracture over the long-term is uncertain...

..We studied the association of beta-blocker use with BMD and fractures in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. beta-blocker use and BMD are unrelated in this cohort, and associations with fracture risk are inconsistent...

..To describe the association between frailty and health status, the progression of frailty, and the relationship between frailty and mortality in older men...

..This study investigated the association between BMI and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis in a cohort of older Caucasian women enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures...

..To test the association between self-reported sleep and nap habits and risk of falls and fractures in a large cohort of older women...