D L Dunner

..We report on the characteristics and outcomes of a large cohort of patients with a level of treatment resistance that is very substantial and who were treated for 2 years with standard care...

..The aims of this work were to assess the efficacy and tolerability of controlled-release paroxetine (paroxetine CR) in the treatment of outpatients with severe major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..As the armamentarium for treating BPD increases, it allows for the possibility of choosing drugs on the basis of their tolerability as well as their efficacy, rather than on efficacy alone...

..This study investigated the rate of hypomania, mania, and hypomanic-like symptoms observed during treatment with duloxetine in patients with major depression...

..In addition, they have shown effectiveness and tolerability in small-scale and open-label trials and case studies with pediatric and geriatric bipolar patients...

..Research does tend to agree that lithium is efficacious in decreasing suicidal behavior in patients with affective disorders...

..This paper renews the diagnostic status of dysthymic disorder, treatment studies, and makes suggestions for the classification of chronic forms of depression for DSM-V...

..This article discusses pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of depression in the elderly population...

..Successful management of medications for the patient with bipolar disorder is a challenge, but increased effort and vigilance by clinicians mean a reduced risk of hospitalization and fewer office visits for patients...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the duration of periods of euthymia in patients with dysthymia...

..Since side effects can affect compliance, recognition and treatment of early and late-appearing side effects are important aspects of lithium pharmacotherapy...

..Newer treatments, such as the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, may prove to be of greatest benefit for individuals with chronic mood disorders...

..The impact of co-existing multiple anxiety disorders, depression, or a history of substance abuse will be discussed with a view to choosing the appropriate management strategy. Treatment options will be reviewed...

..Anxiety disorders negatively impact the course of bipolar disorders. The high prevalence and risk rate of comorbid anxiety disorders in bipolar patients highlight the need for greater clinical attention to this population...

..However, in the course of reviewing the literature on this topic, very few studies have separated patients into these distinct depressive subtypes. Further studies are needed to indicate if these subtypes can be meaningfully separated...

..However, the patients described in the literature have not had treatment-resistant depression...

..Depressive episodes are common in patients who experience BSDs, and increasingly treatment approaches designed specifically for bipolar depression are being studied...

..Our hypothesis was that patients with BPD NOS would be more similar to other bipolar patients than major depressive disorder (MDD) patients in terms of age of onset, history of suicidal behavior and family history of BPD...

..Efficacy in these three key symptom domains may in turn explain the high probabilities of remission (43-57%) observed in these studies...

..The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of psychotherapy, nefazodone, and their combination on subjective measures of sleep in patients with chronic forms of major depression...

..Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a treatment for depression has shown statistically significant effects, but the clinical significance of these effects has been questioned...

..The adverse events causing discontinuation during the extension phase were generally not unique to the extension phase. Few patients experienced significant weight gain...

..Compared with sham, TMS was associated with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the SAFTEE pain item during the study. The reduction in pain could not be explained by the antidepressant effects...

..This study examined whether lithium (Li) and valproic acid (VPA) treatment modulated these chemicals...

..Depressed patients who experience antidepressant-associated hypomania are truly bipolar...

..The study of treatment resistance among nonrapid-cycling bipolar patients merits further research...

..Bipolar disorder (BD) has substantial morbidity and incompletely understood neurobiological underpinnings...

..This study compared efficacy of nefazodone, psychotherapy, and their combination in improving psychosocial functioning in chronically depressed outpatients...

..To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive ziprasidone in subjects with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (DSM-IV criteria) without psychotic features...

..The implications of these findings for the evaluation of current treatment guidelines and dissemination are discussed...

..Various criteria for response and remission were employed. These findings are intended to give guidelines for a subsequent treatment study of dysthymic patients with citalopram using a double-blind placebo-controlled strategy...

..This paper reviews the literature to examine the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for rapid cycling in bipolar disorder...

..These findings suggest that behavioral activation may be nearly as enduring as cognitive therapy and that both psychotherapies are less expensive and longer lasting alternatives to medication in the treatment of depression...

..Addition of a noradrenergic intervention in patients poorly or partially responsive to SSRIs may improve outcomes, but few well-controlled studies testing this hypothesis have been reported...

..To compare the effects of starting doses of duloxetine taken with or without food on tolerability and efficacy in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..To test the long-term efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended-release (ER) in preventing recurrence in patients with major depression...

..To report second-year results from the 2-year maintenance phase of a long-term study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release (ER) in preventing recurrence of depression...

..We evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release (ER) and fluoxetine in the acute and continuation phases of treatment...

..Maintenance therapy considerations for clinicians include assessing treatment guidelines, addressing nonadherent patients, and measuring medication treatment response...

..CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that olanzapine was effective in reducing symptoms of mania and well tolerated in patients with bipolar I disorder with a rapid-cycling course...

..As nefazodone-mediated blockade of serotonin-2 receptors may directly relieve insomnia associated with depression, we examined the more specific effects of CBASP and nefazodone, singly and in combination, on sleep disturbances...

..8%). Somnolence was significantly greater among the patients taking active medication (15.4%), compared with placebo (4.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Nefazodone is well-tolerated and is an effective maintenance therapy for chronic forms of MDD...

..Although the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most common pharmacologic intervention for late-life depression, few placebo-controlled trials have assessed the efficacy of SSRIs for this condition...

..Treatment with nefazodone, CBASP, and combined treatment improved sexual interest/satisfaction, with greatest improvement observed with combined treatment...

..The 2 conditions also differed significantly on change in depressive symptoms over time. These findings support the use of CBASP as a maintenance treatment for chronic forms of MDD...

..A continuation study of an extract of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) for depression was performed in follow-up to an acute study that found no significant difference between St. John's wort extract and placebo...

..Global patient ratings such as the PGI-I, as opposed to specific item-based ratings, provide less valid findings...

..Our results suggest that psychotherapy may be an essential element in the treatment of patients with chronic forms of major depression and a history of childhood trauma...

..COMB was associated with less symptom re-emergence during the continuation phase than either monotherapy, particularly for partial remitters...

..This study was conducted to explore differences in cortical thickness between subjects with bipolar disorder and healthy comparison subjects using cortical surface-based analysis...

..The findings more generally demonstrate the sensitivity of the SPHARM analytic technique for detecting subtle anatomical shape differences in small brain regions in the absence of volume differences...

..Decreased gray matter density in the right inferior frontal gyrus, which processes nonverbal and intrinsic functions, supports nondominant hemisphere dysfunction as a component of bipolar disorder...

..This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) enlargement in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy comparison subjects...

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..The objective of the current multisite study was to compare relatively higher doses of sertraline (i.e., 150 mg/day) and venlafaxine extended release (XR) (225 mg/day) in outpatients with major depressive disorder...