S R Daniels

..We tested for racial differences in age-related growth in waist circumference in a longitudinal cohort of black and white adolescent girls...

..Adolescent obesity is a major public health problem. Treatment options in addition to behavioral therapy could include pharmacotherapy with sibutramine...

..Additional research on alternatives or adjuncts to BMI is needed...

..A key risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the presence of dyslipidemia. Clinical approaches to evaluation and treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents are presented...

..In this paper, I will examine current knowledge regarding the different organ systems that may be impacted by childhood obesity...

..Our objective was to explore the associations between insulin resistance (assessed by glucose infusion rate) and lipids in people with Type 1 diabetes and determine whether adiposity and/or average glycaemia influence these associations...

..Waist circumference is easy to determine and is a useful measure of fat distribution for children and adolescents...

..Early intervention to control blood pressure may be an important factor to improve and prevent progression of LVH in pediatric patients with ESRD...

..04 in blacks (P<.001). Understanding of the determinants of the racial differences in blood pressure could provide the rationale for future interventions to reduce the excess cardiovascular mortality in black compared with white women...

..We sought to evaluate the effects of obesity and obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus on cardiac geometry (remodelling) and systolic and diastolic function in adolescents and young adults...

..Further exploration of how these molecular-cellular mechanisms might increase obesity risk in response to modifiable socioeconomic factors requires the partnership of laboratory and public health researchers...

..Recent national recommendations and screening directives offer pediatricians a comprehensive guide to risk prevention, assessment, and treatment...

..At presentation, the patient had a BMI of 52.3 kg/m(2), a waist circumference of 156 cm, blood pressure of 130/85 mmHg and severe acanthosis nigricans in the cervical and axillary skin folds...

..Further research is needed to better evaluate the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Clinicians should assess left ventricular mass index in the evaluation of pediatric patients with hypertension...

..Studies are needed that evaluate the longer-term impact of intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in young patients...

..To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients participating in an outpatient program for managing childhood and adolescent obesity...

..To review the effects of physical activity on health and behavior outcomes and develop evidence-based recommendations for physical activity in youth...

..Little information is available concerning carotid IMT and the progression of atherosclerosis in adolescents and young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..This may indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Control of obesity and blood pressure elevation offer two approaches for treatment that may prevent left atrial enlargement...

..We sought to determine if arterial stiffness is increased in youth with obesity or T2DM as compared with lean controls...

..In one study, the LCD has also been shown as safe and effective in teens, the study period was only 12 weeks. Furthermore, there is no information on whether the LCD is a practical intervention in a pediatric office setting...

..More than 2 years after menarche, 48.8% of black girls and 9.0% of white girls had small amounts of upper lip hair. This may be more significant in adolescent girls than in older women...

..Subsequent studies of brand of L-tryptophan also contained errors in design, which may have produced biased results and call the conclusions into question. The cause of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome remains unknown...

..The hypothesis of this study was that change in HbA(1c) over 6 years would be associated with change in fasting lipids in adults with type 1 diabetes...

..We conclude that LVH persists in children and adolescents after renal Tx. Control of blood pressure might be an important factor in regression or prevention of progression of LVH in these patients...

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..To examine the relation between baseline fat mass and gain in bone area and bone mass in preschoolers studied prospectively for 4 years, with a focus on the role of physical activity and TV viewing...

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..A 4-year longitudinal study was conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight, detect shifts in body mass index (BMI) distribution, and determine which adolescents were at risk for pathologic weight gain...

..To determine the association between structural cardiac changes and postoperative respiratory complications after adenotonsillectomy for obstructive breathing during sleep...

..Although there are considerable risks of bariatric surgery, early experience suggests that risks are offset by health benefits...

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..There is evidence that the effect of behavioral therapy for weight loss in childhood will be longer lasting than that seen in adults...

..We conclude that obstructive apnea in children is associated with 24-hour BP dysregulation and that, independent of obesity, the frequency of obstructive apnea, oxygen desaturation, and arousal contributes to abnormal BP control...

..To discuss vascular stiffness commonly encountered in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)...

..Based on these data, a very low carbohydrate diet is more effective than a low fat diet for short-term weight loss and, over 6 months, is not associated with deleterious effects on important cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women...

..Exogenous melatonin given to healthy normotensive adults reduces blood pressure. We hypothesized that melatonin increases the decline of blood pressure during sleep in normotensive adolescents with type 1 diabetes...

..The T1-weighted 3D spoiled gradient-echo sequence generated similar ratios of intraabdominal to subcutaneous adipose tissue in a fraction of the acquisition time...

..7. The purpose of this study was to establish a normal value for the pediatric age group and to determine how, if at all, LVM/height(2.7) varies in children...

..This study evaluates the prevalence and predictors of an exercise-induced arm-leg gradient in subjects who have undergone an apparently successful intervention for CoA...

..The differential weight loss is not explained by differences in REE, TEF, or physical activity and likely reflects underreporting of food consumption by the low-fat dieters...

..We examined the relationship of the initial manifestation of puberty in girls with anthropometric measures, as well as age at menarche...

..CVD risk factors were fasting insulin, fibrinogen, total to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio, triglycerides (TGs), systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular mass indexed to height2.7...

..The objectives of this study were to determine whether lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with changes in insulin resistance in adolescents over a 3-year period and explore moderators of this effect...

..However, there is little information on what constitutes a diet that simultaneously promotes low fat mass and high bone mass accrual early in life...

..Extreme obesity (BMI >60 kg/m(2)) and hyperinsulinemia followed tumor resection and cranial irradiation. Dietary interventions were unsuccessful, and pharmacologic intervention (i.e. octreotide) only slowed the rate of weight gain...

..Surgical treatment of extreme obesity may be appropriate for some adolescents. We hypothesized that surgical weight loss outcomes may differ by preoperative level of extreme obesity (body mass index [BMI] > or=99th percentile)...

..Increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and stiffness are associated with these adverse outcomes. We compared carotid arteries in youth who were lean, were obese, or had T2DM...

..We hypothesized that gastric bypass would improve parameters of metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in cardiac geometry, systolic and diastolic function before and after weight loss in morbidly obese adolescents...

..Interactions between noncontiguous ACDC haplotypes strongly influence adiponectin levels, suggesting nonadditive and potentially cis relationships between these regions...

..In this study, we hypothesized that sex differences in adiponectin would develop during puberty and would be influenced by level of adiposity...

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..Surgery should be performed in institutions that are equipped to meet the tertiary care needs of severely obese patients and to collect long-term data on the clinical outcomes of these patients...

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..Herein the authors discuss these topics within the context of characteristic bariatric patient profiles and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure, currently the authors' standard operative approach...

..We studied the early changes in left ventricular function across a range of severity of the disorder. A dose-dependent decrease in diastolic function with increased severity of obstructive apnea was demonstrated...

..Indications for operation during adolescence should be conservative until appropriately designed clinical studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these techniques applied to adolescents...

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..We conclude that the present results justify phase III therapeutic trials to determine the utility of melatonin in prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular complications in type 1 diabetes...

..We compared diastolic function and assessed risk factors associated with diastolic dysfunction in children with CRI with those on dialysis...

..However, little is known about the extent of these abnormalities in children after transplantation...

..To document the frequency of glucose intolerance in adolescents in a population-based study of primarily African-American/Non-Hispanic whites in an urban-suburban school district...

..To determine the age of significant divergence in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in adults with and without the metabolic syndrome, and to provide age- and sex-specific childhood values that predict adult metabolic syndrome...

..The purpose of this report was to examine changes in the annual prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in the NGHS cohort from ages 9 to 19 years...

..CONCLUSIONS: Dietetics professionals need to promote the importance of consuming breakfast to all children and adolescents, especially African-American girls...

..However, adolescence is a period of intense physiological change, and therefore stability of the underlying metabolic structure and clinical categorization based on metabolic risk is uncertain...

..To estimate the prevalence and incidence of overweight in African-American and Caucasian girls, and to examine associations between adolescent overweight and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors...

..To determine the extent of misreporting of energy intake (EI) and its anthropometric, demographic, and psychosocial correlates in a bi-racial cohort of young women...

..To examine health and psychosocial correlates of persistent thinness in black and white young adult women...

..Increased prevalence of adolescent obesity requires effective treatment options beyond behavior therapy...

..We examined changes in activity in relation to changes in body-mass index (BMI) and adiposity in a cohort of 1152 black and 1135 white girls from the USA, who were followed up prospectively from ages 9 or 10 to 18 or 19 years...

..To examine the relationship between maternal infant-feeding style and adiposity in childhood and to determine whether feeding style explains any of the association between maternal obesity and childhood adiposity...

..Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered the most accurate measure of adiposity in children, it has rarely been used to examine the relation between infant feeding and adiposity during childhood...

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..To characterize the associations between socioeconomic status (SES), two levels of subjective social status (SSS), and adolescent obesity...

..Lower resting energy expenditure (REE) in African American women may contribute to their obesity. The identification of uncoupling protein (UCP) genes has fueled a search for genes involved in energy metabolism in humans...

..To assess the relation of self-reported current and recalled preadolescent body size to measured BMI (kilograms per meter squared) and interviewer's assessment of body size...

..To examine whether adolescent depressive symptoms predict young adult body mass index (BMI) and obesity in black and white women...

..To describe the prevalence of night eating in a community cohort of black and white girls, using different definitions of night eating as described in the literature...

..To assess the relationship of serum lipid concentrations with glucose control in youth with diabetes mellitus...

..The increasing rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes and the growing importance of metabolic syndrome among adolescents make assessment of CV risk clustering even more urgent in this age group...

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..To examine the associations between demographic and diabetes management variables and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of youths with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)...

..The goal was to determine the diagnostic utility of the National Cholesterol Education Program pediatric guidelines...

..This study examined the changes in body image and weight in young women with an adolescent eating disorder, relative to women without an eating disorder (noED)...

..CONCLUSIONS: Amlodipine effectively lowers systolic BP in a dose-dependent manner in hypertensive children who require drug treatment...