Research Topics
| Peter CummingsSummaryAffiliation: University of Washington Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
State gun safe storage laws and child mortality due to firearmsP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98104 2499, USA
JAMA 278:1084-6. 1997..These laws are controversial, and their effect on firearm-related injuries is unknown...- Misconceptions regarding case-control studies of bicycle helmets and head injuryPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Accid Anal Prev 38:636-43. 2006..In this manuscript we review case-control study design, particularly as it applies to bicycle helmet studies, and review some aspects of the analysis of case-control data... - Responding to reviewers' comments on submitted articlesPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, 325 Ninth Ave, Box 359960, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156:105-7. 2002 
Statistical and design issues in studies of groupsP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98104-2499, USA
Inj Prev 8:6-7. 2002- Ability of parents to recall the injuries of their young childrenP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, USA
Inj Prev 11:43-7. 2005..To estimate the ability of parents to recall the injuries of their children... - Association of driver air bags with driver fatality: a matched cohort studyPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359960, Seattle, WA 98104 2499, USA
BMJ 324:1119-22. 2002..To estimate the association of driver air bag presence with driver fatality in road traffic crashes... - Association of seat belt use with death: a comparison of estimates based on data from police and estimates based on data from trained crash investigatorsP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
Inj Prev 8:338-41. 2002..The aim of this study was to determine whether estimates of seat belt effectiveness differed when based on belt use as recorded by the police and belt use determined by trained crash investigators... - Matched-pair cohort methods in traffic crash researchPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, 325 Ninth Avenue, P O Box 359960, Seattle, WA 98104 2499, USA
Accid Anal Prev 35:131-41. 2003..This paper reviews some of the strengths and limitations of each of these methods, and illustrates their use in simulated and real crash data... - Estimating seat belt effectiveness using matched-pair cohort methodsPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359960, Seattle, WA 98104 2499, USA
Accid Anal Prev 35:143-9. 2003..We conclude that estimates of seat belt effects based upon data prior to 1986 may be biased toward 1 by misclassification... - Car occupant death according to the restraint use of other occupants: a matched cohort studyPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
JAMA 291:343-9. 2004..A car occupant could be killed if struck by another occupant who was catapulted forward, backward, or sideways in a crash... - Matched cohort methods for injury researchPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Epidemiol Rev 25:43-50. 2003 - Trends in childhood injury mortality in Canada, 1979-2002S Y Pan
Evidence and Risk Assessment Division, Centre of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Inj Prev 12:155-60. 2006..To examine national trends in mortality rates for injuries among Canadian children younger than 15 years in 1979-2002... - Drowsiness, counter-measures to drowsiness, and the risk of a motor vehicle crashP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98104 2499, USA
Inj Prev 7:194-9. 2001..This study sought to estimate how drowsiness related factors, and factors that might counteract drowsiness, are related to the risk of a crash... 
The relative merits of risk ratios and odds ratiosPeter Cummings
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 163:438-45. 2009..Because odds ratios are not collapsible, they usually lack any interpretation either as the change in average odds or the average change in odds (the average odds ratio)...- Trends in firearm-related injuries in Washington State, 1989-1995P Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Ann Emerg Med 32:37-43. 1998..To describe the incidence and outcome of firearm-related injuries and to describe trends over time... - Propensity scoresPeter Cummings
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162:734-7. 2008 - A correction: how I fixed my mistakeP Cummings
Inj Prev 13:362-3. 2007 - Trends in unintentional drowning: the role of alcohol and medical careP Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98104 2499, USA
JAMA 281:2198-202. 1999..It has been hypothesized that this decline may be due to decreased use of alcohol in and around water or improved medical treatment after a submersion... - Antilock brakes and the risk of driver injury in a crash: a case-control studyPeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Accid Anal Prev 39:995-1000. 2007..06 (95% confidence interval, 0.95-1.17), compared with a vehicle without antilock brakes. If this estimated association is causal, antilock brakes do not prevent crash-related driver injuries... - Predicting major hemorrhage in patients with pelvic fractureC Craig Blackmore
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
J Trauma 61:346-52. 2006..The objective of this study is to use information available upon presentation to the trauma center to develop a clinical prediction rule to identify subjects with pelvic fracture who are at high risk of major hemorrhage... - Injuries of the head, face, and neck in relation to ski helmet useBeth A Mueller
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Epidemiology 19:270-6. 2008..We studied the association of helmet use with injuries of the head, face, and neck among skiers and snowboarders involved in falls and collisions... - Association of helmet use with death in motorcycle crashes: a matched-pair cohort studyDaniel C Norvell
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
Am J Epidemiol 156:483-7. 2002..The authors suggest that conditional Poisson regression is useful for the analysis of traffic crash data, where occupants are naturally matched in a vehicle and where crash-related confounders may be difficult or impossible to measure... - Severe injury among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white children in Washington stateCatherine J Karr
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195 9739, USA
Public Health Rep 120:19-24. 2005..This study describes injury incidence and severity among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white infants, children, and adolescents with serious traumatic injuries in Washington State... - Emergency department analgesia for fracture painJulie C Brown
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, School of Medicine and the Children s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
Ann Emerg Med 42:197-205. 2003..Among children, we compare treatment between pediatric and nonpediatric facilities... - Association of first- and second-generation air bags with front occupant death in car crashes: a matched cohort studyCarin M Olson
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
Am J Epidemiol 164:161-9. 2006..10 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.93) (p = 0.20 for comparison of aRRs). The differences in aRRs between first- and second-generation air bags among other subgroups were small and not statistically significant... - Association of alcohol-related laws with deaths due to motor vehicle and motorcycle crashes in the United States, 1980-1997Andres Villaveces
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Am J Epidemiol 157:131-40. 2003..86, 0.90) and administrative license revocation laws (adjusted RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.98). Overall motorcycle mortality was lower when administrative license revocation laws were in effect (adjusted RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98)... - A comparison of reviewers selected by editors and reviewers suggested by authorsFrederick P Rivara
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
J Pediatr 151:202-5. 2007..To compare reviews done by editor-selected reviewers with reviews by author-suggested reviewers, examining the quality, timeliness, and recommendations of the 2 sets of reviewers... - Comparison of reporting of seat belt use by police and crash investigators: variation in agreement by injury severityMelissa A Schiff
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359960, Seattle, WA 98104 2499, USA
Accid Anal Prev 36:961-5. 2004..To evaluate agreement between police and trained investigators regarding seat belt use by crash victims, according to injury severity... - Association of hospital trauma designation with admission patterns of injured childrenMonica S Vavilala
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98104 2499, USA
J Trauma 57:119-24; discussion 124. 2004..The purpose of this study was to estimate whether formal adoption of a statewide trauma system was associated with hospital admission patterns of injured children... - Smoking before the first pregnancy and the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysisLisa A DeRoo
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
Am J Epidemiol 174:390-402. 2011..While these small summary risk ratios may represent causal effects, residual confounding could readily produce estimates of this size in the absence of any causal effect... - Air bags and passenger fatality according to passenger age and restraint usePeter Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
Epidemiology 13:525-32. 2002..Some children have been killed by air bags, leading to advice that young children should not sit in front of an active air bag... - Observational studies in radiologyC Craig Blackmore
Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Box 359728, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 183:1203-8. 2004 - Ampicillin use in infant fever: a systematic reviewJulie C Brown
Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 0371, USA
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156:27-32. 2002..To estimate the prevalence of perinatal Listeria monocytogenes and enterococcal infections in outpatient febrile infants and to evaluate the need to treat with ampicillin... - Passenger seating position and the risk of passenger death or injury in traffic crashesKathleen M Smith
Department of Emergency Medicine, Mary Bridge Children s Hospital, 315 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Tacoma, WA 98405 0987, USA
Accid Anal Prev 36:257-60. 2004..To estimate the association of passenger seat position with the risk of death and serious injury for passengers in traffic crashes... - Passenger seating position and the risk of passenger death in traffic crashes: a matched cohort studyK M Smith
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
Inj Prev 12:83-6. 2006..To estimate the association of passenger seating position with the risk of death for passengers in traffic crashes. Design, setting,.. - Comparison of three instructional methods for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of an automatic external defibrillator to high school studentsS Reder
Resuscitation 69:443-53. 2006..To evaluate new instructional methods for teaching high school students cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) knowledge, actions and skills... - The effect of organized systems of trauma care on motor vehicle crash mortalityA B Nathens
Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98104 2499, USA
JAMA 283:1990-4. 2000..Despite calls for wider national implementation of an integrated approach to trauma care, the effectiveness of this approach at a regional or state level remains unproven... - Changes in traffic crash mortality rates attributed to use of alcohol, or lack of a seat belt, air bag, motorcycle helmet, or bicycle helmet, United States, 1982-2001P Cummings
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Inj Prev 12:148-54. 2006..Increased presence of air bags, motorcycle helmets, and bicycle helmets were associated with smaller reductions... - Effect of a ban on carrying firearms on homicide rates in 2 Colombian citiesA Villaveces
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, and the Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
JAMA 283:1205-9. 2000..Homicide is a leading cause of death in Colombia, with much of the fatal interpersonal violence concentrated in the country's largest cities. Firearms are involved in as much as 80% of homicides in Colombia... - Firearm safety counseling in primary care pediatrics: a randomized, controlled trialD C Grossman
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
Pediatrics 106:22-6. 2000..Physicians have been encouraged to counsel families about risks associated with gun ownership, but the effectiveness of physician counseling regarding gun safety is unknown... - Incidence and outcome of injury in Ghana: a community-based surveyC N Mock
Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Bull World Health Organ 77:955-64. 1999..In rural areas, agricultural injuries contributed the largest burden of morbidity, and should be a priority for prevention efforts... - Predictors of physician compliance with a published guideline on management of febrile infantsD M Zerr
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Pediatr Infect Dis J 18:232-8. 1999.... - Psychiatric illness and subsequent traumatic brain injury: a case control studyJ R Fann
Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:615-20. 2002..To determine whether psychiatric illness is a risk factor for subsequent traumatic brain injury (TBI)... - Injuries and death of children in rollover motor vehicle crashes in the United StatesF P Rivara
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, University of Washington, WA 91804, USA
Inj Prev 9:76-80. 2003..There is an increased awareness of the problem of rollover crashes, but few data on children involved in rollover crashes in the United States... - Characteristics of drowning by different age groupsL Quan
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
Inj Prev 9:163-8. 2003..While it is known that the risk of unintentional drowning varies with age, the manner in which drowning episode characteristics vary by age has not been well described. Such information might be useful for prevention... - Smoking during first pregnancy and breast cancer: a case-control study using Washington State registry dataLisa A DeRoo
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Ann Epidemiol 21:53-5. 2011..To examine whether smoking during first pregnancy, a time of potential vulnerability to tobacco mutagens, is associated with breast cancer... - Studying injuries with case-control methods in the emergency departmentP Cummings
Department of Epidemiology, School of Community Medicine and Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Ann Emerg Med 31:99-105. 1998..With careful attention to the selection of study subjects, valid case-control studies of the causes of some injuries can be conducted in the ED... - Do parents value drowning prevention information at discharge from the emergency department?L Quan
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
Ann Emerg Med 37:382-5. 2001..We determined parent recall and perceived usefulness of drowning prevention messages included in routine computer-generated discharge instructions... - Erectile dysfunction after a long-distance cycling event: associations with bicycle characteristicsJoseph R Dettori
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington and Department of Urology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, USA
J Urol 172:637-41. 2004..We conducted a prospective cohort study to examine the relationship between bicycle characteristics and the occurrence of erectile dysfunction... - Association between acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantsTodd D Freudenberger
Department of Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Blood 102:3822-8. 2003..These results have important implications for the care of patients who develop respiratory symptoms after HSC transplantation and may help elucidate the pathogenesis of idiopathic BOOP... - Cervical spine injuries among submersion victimsR S Watson
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
J Trauma 51:658-62. 2001..We hypothesized that C-spine injury is unlikely in submersion victims who do not sustain high-impact injuries... - Assessment of volume of hemorrhage and outcome from pelvic fractureC Craig Blackmore
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle 98104, USA
Arch Surg 138:504-8; discussion 508-9. 2003..Measurement of pelvic hemorrhage on computed tomographic (CT) scans can estimate the pelvic fracture component of total patient blood loss and predict the need for angiography... - Effectiveness of a community-based multifactorial intervention on falls and fall risk factors in community-living older adults: a randomized, controlled trialAnne Shumway-Cook
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62:1420-7. 2007..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-month community-based intervention on falls and risk factors (balance, lower extremity strength, and mobility) in community-living older adults... - Reviewing manuscripts for Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent MedicinePeter Cummings
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156:11-3. 2002 - Predicting time to subsequent pregnancyRachel Gold
Department of Epidemiology, Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Division of Research and Data Analysis, University of Washington UW School of Public and Community Medicine, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
Matern Child Health J 9:219-28. 2005..Women in poverty may benefit from avoiding closely spaced pregnancies. This study sought to identify predictive factors that could identify women at risk for closely spaced pregnancies... - Do "whiplash" victims with neck pain differ from those with neck pain and other symptoms?A F Tencer
Orthopedic Sciences Laboratory, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med 45:203-14. 2001..Odds ratios (OR) were derived from logistic regression. Only pre-existing lumbar spinal degeneration was associated with having arm symptoms (OR = 9.6, CI = 1.1, 83.6) or low back pain (OR = 23.3, CI = 2.6, 206.7) along with neck pain... - Risk factors for pilot fatalities in general aviation airplane crash landingsP S Rostykus
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, USA
JAMA 280:997-9. 1998..Most pilots survive airplane crash landings in small airplanes. Factors associated with pilot death have not been well studied... - Re: "Using head-on collisions to compare risk of driver death by frontal air bag generation: a matched-pair cohort study"Carin M Olson
Am J Epidemiol 167:885-6; author reply 886-7. 2008 - Association of rear seat safety belt use with death in a traffic crash: a matched cohort studyMotao Zhu
Bureau of Injury Prevention, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12204, USA
Inj Prev 13:183-5. 2007..To estimate the association of rear seat safety belt use with death in a traffic crash... - Re: "Estimating the relative risk in cohort studies and clinical trials of common outcomes"Peter Cummings
Am J Epidemiol 159:213; author reply 214-5. 2004 - Effects of differences between peer reviewers suggested by authors and by editorsPeter Cummings
JAMA 296:1231; author reply 1231-2. 2006 - The association of third molars with mandibular angle fractures: a meta-analysisBeate P Hanson
AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO ASIF Center, Davos Platz, Switzerland
J Can Dent Assoc 70:39-43. 2004..To estimate the relative risk of mandibular angle fractures among people with a lower third molar compared with those without a lower third molar... - Publication bias: the problem and some suggestionsFrederick P Rivara
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156:424-5. 2002 - External hip protectors and risk of hip fracturePeter Cummings
JAMA 290:884; author reply 884-5. 2003 - Writing informative abstracts for journal articlesPeter Cummings
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:1086-8. 2004 - Freeway speed limits and traffic fatalities in Washington StateEric M Ossiander
Washington State Department of Health, Olympia 98504 7812, USA
Accid Anal Prev 34:13-8. 2002..In 1987 individual states in the USA were allowed to raise speed limits on rural freeways from 55 to 65 mph. Analyses of the impact of the increased speed limits on highway safety have produced conflicting results... - Meta-analysis based on standardized effects is unreliablePeter Cummings
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:595-7. 2004 
Loperamide therapy for acute diarrhea in children: systematic review and meta-analysisSu Ting T Li
Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
PLoS Med 4:e98. 2007..Loperamide is widely used in adults for acute diarrhea. However, its use in children has been discouraged by the World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics owing to concerns over safety and efficacy in young children...- Hip protectors and hip fracturePeter Cummings
JAMA 298:2139; author reply 2139. 2007 - Reporting statistical information in medical journal articlesPeter Cummings
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157:321-4. 2003 - Studies should report estimates of treatment effects with confidence intervalsPeter Cummings
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 161:518-9. 2007 - Early exposure to marijuana and risk of later drug usePeter Cummings
JAMA 290:329; author reply 330-1. 2003