James Becker

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..These data suggest that at least some of the effects of HIV on the brain can be fully reversed with treatment...

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..We examined the feasibility of acquiring state-of-the-art brain MRI images at a community hospital, and attempted to cross-validate two independent approaches to image analysis...

..The purpose of this study was to characterize brain volumetric differences in HIV seropositive and seronegative men and to determine effects of age, cardiovascular risk, and HIV infection on structural integrity...

..In order to identify novel loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Spanish population...

..To determine the relationship between depressed mood and the development of Alzheimer disease in cognitively normal individuals...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cognitive performance, risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and HIV infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy...

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..In addition, a substantial proportion of older depressed individuals who are cognitively intact when depressed are likely to be impaired one year later, although their depression has remitted...

..However, HIV viral load at study entry was significantly higher among those participants who had developed cognitive impairment one year later. CONCLUSION: Age is a significant risk modifier for prevalent neuropsychological disorder...

..Both groups reported increased memory problems with advancing age. This preliminary work suggests a substantial prevalence of psychiatric and neurocognitive problems among middle-aged and older HIV-infected individuals...

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..Further studies of neuropsychological functioning in remitted LLD patients are needed to parse episode-related and persistent factors and to relate them to underlying neural dysfunction...

..4% for black women. CONCLUSION: The CHS has developed a methodology for longitudinal studies of dementia in large cohorts and represents the largest study of dementia including cognitive testing, MRI and genetic markers...

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..To examine the incidence of dementia in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study...

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..The HRF of MNCD/HAD subjects did not return to baseline after 16s, suggesting subtle alterations in neuronal function, which may affect event-related fMRI studies...

..The purpose of this article is to present ASL imaging features of 38 elderly cognitively normals (CN) with their rCBF values and an averaged profile of targeted anatomic regions rCBF values...

..To examine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of written advance planning among patients with or at risk for dementia-imposed decisional incapacity...

..Successful management of these conditions, especially if combined with other therapeutic interventions, could extend the dementia-free time and decrease the burden to the patient, family, and to society...

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..The relationship between athlete reports of symptoms, neurophysiological activation, and neuropsychological functioning is investigated in a sample of high school athletes...

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..To describe the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors (CEIs) on the natural course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using clinically meaningful outcomes...

..The authors tested the hypothesis that impaired executive functioning leads to high rates of relapse and recurrence in late-life depression...

..Recognition of inherent potential confounds in the use of PET in aging studies is essential to the proper interpretation of these data...

..To examine the risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a longitudinal population study-the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study...

..To examine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its diagnostic classification in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Cognition Study...

..Education and race were independently associated with psychosis. However, while education was associated with psychosis in mild/moderate stages, race was associated with psychosis in moderate/severe stages...

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..g., aggression, agitation) and sleep disorders in AD. Although the use of SHA has a proven deleterious effect on patients with AD, their use has increased over the past two decades...

..Therefore, there is a need for a better definition of VaD. This is extremely important to better understand its risk factors, as well as to create homogenous cohorts suitable for drug trials...

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..02, p=0.01) and anterior ventral striatum [t(9)=2.37, p=0.04] in AD. No group differences (AD versus MCI) were detected in laterality [F (1, 15)=0.15, p=0.7] or asymmetry [F (1, 15)=0.7, p=0.42]...

..These data also suggest that these structural abnormalities precede the development of Alzheimer disease...

..To characterize the functional neuroanatomy of late-life depression (LLD) by probing for both episodic and persistent alterations in the executive-control circuit of elderly adults...

..We believe that current criteria for DLBs are useful when DLBs occur in isolation, but have low sensitivity when Lewy bodies coexist with the pathological abnormalities of Alzheimer disease...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data provide further evidence of structural brain abnormalities in geriatric depression, particularly in patients with a longer course of illness...

..To evaluate the risk of incident physical disability and the decline in gait speed over a 6-year follow-up associated with a low ankle-arm index (AAI) in older adults...

..The use of fully deformable registration methods, cohort atlases, and user-defined manual tracings are recommended for highest performance in fully automated hippocampus segmentation...

..Limitations are discussed regarding the applicability of the data. Those with a need to factor out the effects of practice, test-retest reliability and other statistical confounds will find the information within this article useful...

..This provides converging evidence that older adults do not form associative links between items within pairs and supports the hypothesis that an associative deficit contributes to age-related memory decline...

..To examine associations between cognitive and affective impairments and rehabilitation participation during stroke rehabilitation...

..To fully understand the effects of an image processing methodology on the comparisons of regional patterns of brain perfusion over time and between subject groups...

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..This is a noninvasive technique that does not require either injections or ionizing radiation and can measure absolute rCBF rates over the entire brain...

..To examine the association between self-awareness of cognitive impairment and age, selected mood disorders, and type and severity of cognitive impairment in a sample of individuals with HIV/AIDS and at risk for HIV...

..Instead, we hypothesize that the DIPC may support domain-general executive processes, while the VIPC may support phonological encoding-recoding processes central to a variety of language tasks...

..We conclude that HIV prevention efforts should target modifiable attitudes (reduced concern about HIV and safer sex fatigue) and increases in sexual risk-taking of MSM, particularly among HIV+ men having sex with serodiscordant partners...

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..Patients with diabetes had faster VBR change. Ventricular expansion may accelerate late in the progression from normal cognitive function to dementia, and may be modulated by diabetes...

..To perform TBM, we developed a new MRI-based analysis technique that uses fluid image warping, and a new alpha-entropy-based information-theoretic measure of image correspondence, called the Jensen-Rényi divergence (JRD)...

..Strengths and weaknesses of these different imaging measures for basic neuroscience and drug trials are discussed...

..This high-throughput method for morphometric studies further motivates the combination of genetic and neuroimaging strategies in predicting AD progression and treatment response...

..To examine the incidence and risk factors for anal cancer in a multicenter cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men followed between 1984 and 2006 (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study)...

..Thus, the accuracy of the two methods examined for determining clinically significant change among HIV+ cohorts differs depending upon their similarity with the normative sample...

..Larger ventricles in healthy subjects may indicate susceptibility to, or progression of, dementia-related pathology...

..We (1) identified regions with greatest differences between AIDS patients and healthy controls and (2) correlated specific 3D patterns of structural differences with measures of immune system deterioration and cognitive decline...

..Using permutation tests, we show that the symmetrization of image registration statistically reduces skewness in the log-Jacobian map...

..We apply a manifold version of Hotelling's T2 test to the strain matrices. Our results complement those found from the determinants of the Jacobians alone and provide greater power in detecting group differences in brain structure...

..2-4.7). Results underscore the importance of avoiding TB by using preventive interventions such as treatment of latent TB infection, particularly in populations with a large prevalence of HIV/TB co-infected individuals...

..These results are compared to the ones found using the 'best' control, B. Statistics on both shapes are evaluated using cumulative distribution functions of the p-values in maps of inter-group differences...

..These studies demonstrate that HIV-infected individuals on ART with breakthrough viremia have significantly higher levels of circulating infected monocytes, the precursors of tissue macrophages...

..They provide an approach to gauge the impact of AIDS on the living brain and show that the brain is still vulnerable to infection even when patients are receiving antiretroviral therapy...

..By studying MCMD in detail, and the factors that predict transition to MCMD and HAD, it may be possible to provide information useful to the development of rational treatment strategies directed at cognitive dysfunction. ..

..By carefully characterizing the neuropsychological deficits (including those identified using brain imaging technology) we will be better able to understand the interactive effects of agingand HIVIAIDS. ..

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