Aaron T Beck

..The results provided tentative support for the validity of the BCIS. Suggestions were made for further investigation of the cognitive processes involved in identifying and correcting erroneous beliefs and misinterpretations...

..We conducted a pilot study to determine whether the association also exists in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis...

..These findings highlight the seriousness of BPD and the risk that individuals diagnosed with this disorder will attempt suicide...

..These effects were independent of depression and positive symptom levels. The results add to the emerging biopsychosocial understanding of negative symptoms and introduce defeatist beliefs as a new psychotherapeutic target...

....

..The cost-effectiveness of conducting follow-up studies to identify suicidal risk factors in psychiatric outpatients beyond three years was questioned...

..7, SD=7.8, p<.001). The Beck Depression Inventory-II appears to be useful for measuring self-reported depression in patients with bipolar I disorders...

..Finally, preliminary findings relate neurocognition, metacognition, and social cognition, as well as reduced hippocampal volume to cognitive insight. A heuristic framework is presented to guide future research...

..Given its multidimensional structure, the scale can be used as a measure of belief profiles associated with BPD and as an aid to conceptualizing beliefs underlying a range of psychopathology associated with patients with BPD...

..This study attempted to assess whether an index of the difference between the wish to die and the wish to live constitutes a risk factor for suicide...

..During the follow-up period, patients with psychotic disorders subsequently attempted suicide at a significantly higher rate than patients without psychotic disorders. The clinical relevance of these findings is discussed...

..Suggestions for future research and applications are presented...

..The CCL-M-R was discussed as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the severity of maladaptive cognitions associated with mania in psychiatric patients...

..Findings from the CT trial support the role of cognitive change during therapy and its continuation after termination...

..These results provide preliminary evidence that the PBI has adequate psychometric characteristics, is useful to assess change in dysfunctional beliefs during treatment, and has the potential to advance cognitive theories of panic...

..These preliminary data suggest that attentional fixation is an important dimension of cognition relevant to panic disorder...

..The comprehensive conceptualization creates the context for targeted psychological treatments...

..In contrast, there were fewer group differences as a function of CSA history among the female suicide attempters. Hopelessness was a significant mediator between CSA history and suicide ideation in both men and women...

..The authors examined the patterns of improvement in cognitive and vegetative symptoms of major depression in individuals treated with cognitive therapy (CT) or pharmacotherapy (PT)...

..Implications for further research with this difficult-to-treat patient population are discussed...

..The results are discussed as indicating that there is a high prevalence of self-reported anxiety in outpatients who are diagnosed with psychotic disorders...

..The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that multiple suicide attempters would exhibit a more severe clinical profile than single suicide attempters...

..I suggest that comprehensive study of the psychological as well as biological correlates of depression can provide a new understanding of this debilitating disorder...

..These findings suggest that even in the context of depression and hopelessness, low self-esteem may add to the risk for suicide ideation...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether self-reported somatic symptoms of depression, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), are more frequent in women than in men with major depressive disorder...

..Suicide attempts constitute a major risk factor for completed suicide, yet few interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide attempts have been evaluated...

..In addition, a measure of beliefs about addiction developed to test mediation of outcome of cognitive therapy was found to correlate moderately with drug use outcomes in both cognitive therapy and individual drug counseling...

..For the extremist Islamists the ultimate goal has been overthrow of the moderate Islamic governments; for the domestic terrorists, destabilization of the national government and reinstitution of the traditional values...

..A BPD beliefs scale constructed from these items showed good internal consistency and diagnostic validity among the 288 study patients. The scale may be used to assist in diagnosis and cognitive therapy of BPD...

..In the longitudinal study, baseline asocial beliefs predicted asocial behavior one year later. Asocial beliefs predict poor social functioning in schizophrenia, and may be modifiable by psychological interventions...

..Although the patients have apparently opted-out of participation in normal activities, we suggest that a psychological intervention that targets these negative attitudes might improve their functioning and quality of life...

..Specifically, higher levels of suicide intent were associated with more lethal attempts but only for those individuals who had more accurate expectations about the likelihood of dying from their attempts...

..Cognitive therapy (often labeled generically as cognitive behavior therapy) is efficacious either alone or as an adjunct to medication and provides a prophylaxis against relapse and recurrence...

..The trade-off between these assumptions is evaluated in the context of two suicide/depression intervention studies...

..Results of this study are discussed as they pertain to the theory and treatment of suicide attempters...

..This study evaluated the success and efficiency of five recruitment strategies for a clinical trial on the efficacy of cognitive therapy for suicidal older men...

..Ratings > 1 for the BDI-II Concentration Difficulty item were discussed as being useful for ruling out possible symptoms of ADHD...

....

..78 and .76. The results (a) indicate that the BDI-II and the RADS have similar psychometric characteristics and (b) support the convergent validity of the BDI-II for assessing self-reported depression in adolescent inpatients...

..CONCLUSIONS: Suicide attempters' reaction to surviving is an important clinical variable that is easily assessed in evaluations that occur following a suicide attempt...

..1%) completed the entire program. Users indicated a high rate of acceptance of this form of computer-assisted therapy, and mean scores on a measure of cognitive therapy knowledge were significantly improved...

..While the present study demonstrated positive effects from treatment, results are limited by the small sample size...

..The results indicate that the BDI-II is a reliable and valid measure of depressive symptoms for African American suicide attempters...

..While limitations of the meta-analytic approach need to be considered in interpreting the results of this review, our findings are consistent with other review methodologies that also provide support for the efficacy CBT...

..We sought to compare the maladaptive beliefs and cognitions of 23 bipolar manic or hypomanic patients, 28 patients with unipolar major depression, and 24 normal adults...

..To outline the cognitive understanding of symptoms of schizophrenia, such as delusions, hallucinations, and emotional withdrawal, and to review the cognitive therapy approach to ameliorating these symptoms...

..This instrument is a promising tool for measuring the role of cognitive change in a broad range of patients experiencing psychosis...

..CONCLUSION: The current study has provided data on the factor structure of the SSI in an older population, demonstrating that suicidal ideation in this group is similar to younger age groups...

....

..These findings bear on the trajectory of suicidal behavior over time, as well as inform the clinical assessment of suicidal patients...

..These findings suggest that depressed and anxious patients differ in their cognitive expectancies about future life events in terms of their own anticipated emotional reactions...

..However, little is understood about the value of CBT for people who are not prescribed antipsychotic medication...

..An enhanced response to CBT would be expected when given with low dose cognitively enhancing atypical antipsychotic medication...

..The findings support clinical approaches targeting depressive cognitions regardless of the presence of manic symptoms...

..Cognitive therapy has been shown to be an important adjunct to standard treatments of schizophrenia...

..The questionnaire had strong convergent validity with other OCD symptom measures but more modest discriminant validity...

..It also showed good internal consistency across studies and high stability in Studies 2 and 3, higher than the BAI's in Study 2. Factor analyses across studies all supported 2 factors, 1 Somatic and 1 Subjective...

..This work points to potentially important areas to target in treatment development for these personality disorders...