Research Topics
| Antoine BecharaSummaryAffiliation: University of Southern California Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Decision making, impulse control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: a neurocognitive perspectiveAntoine Bechara
Institute for the Neurological Study of Emotion and Creativity, Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 2520, USA
Nat Neurosci 8:1458-63. 2005....
An fMRI study of risk-taking following wins and losses: implications for the gambler's fallacyGui Xue
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 1061, USA
Hum Brain Mapp 32:271-81. 2011..This has significant implications for our understanding of the gambler's fallacy and human decision making under risk...- The impact of prior risk experiences on subsequent risky decision-making: the role of the insulaGui Xue
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 1061, USA
Neuroimage 50:709-16. 2010..These findings suggest that the insula plays an important role in activating representations of homeostatic states associated with the experience of risk, which in turn exerts an influence on subsequent decisions... - Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th-grade Chinese adolescent smokersLin Xiao
Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, USA
Nicotine Tob Res 10:1085-97. 2008..Intervention targeting affective decision making might hold promise for reducing adolescents' risks for substance use... - Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkersC Anderson Johnson
Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, United States
Neuropsychologia 46:714-26. 2008.... 
Affective decision-making predictive of Chinese adolescent drinking behaviorsLin Xiao
Department of Psychology, Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 15:547-57. 2009..These findings suggest that deficits in affective decision making may be important independent determinants of compulsive drinking and potentially addictive behavior in adolescents...- Decision making in children and adolescents: impaired Iowa Gambling Task performance in early adolescenceDana G Smith
Department of Psychology, Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, USA
Dev Psychol 48:1180-7. 2012..This trajectory is in stark contrast with the linear development of memory, speed of processing, and other cognitive abilities over the ages... - A neuropsychological approach to understanding risk-taking for potential gains and lossesIrwin P Levin
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA
Front Neurosci 6:15. 2012..Taken together, these studies support a clear functional dissociation between risk-taking for gains and risk-taking for losses, and further dissociation at the neural level... - The Iowa Gambling Task in fMRI imagesXiangrui Li
Department of Psychology, Dana and David Dornsife Cognitive Neuroscience Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90089 2520, USA
Hum Brain Mapp 31:410-23. 2010..These results have implications for using the IGT to study abnormal mechanisms of decision making in a variety of clinical populations... - Failure to learn from repeated mistakes: persistent decision-making impairment as measured by the iowa gambling task in patients with ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesionsSamantha M Waters-Wood
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 2520, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 18:927-30. 2012..These results validate the clinical observations that VMPFC dysfunction does not appear to be subject to autonomous recovery over time in real-life. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1-4)... - The gambler's fallacy is associated with weak affective decision making but strong cognitive abilityGui Xue
National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
PLoS ONE 7:e47019. 2012..Our result provides a novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the GF, which highlights the significant role of affective mechanisms in adaptive decision-making... - Smoking cessation after brain damage does not lead to increased depression: implications for understanding the psychiatric complications of vareniclineDaniel Tranel
Department of Neurology, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Cogn Behav Neurol 25:16-24. 2012..However, the cause of depression and related symptoms in persons who quit smoking after taking varenicline remains uncertain, because smoking cessation itself can cause such symptoms... - A somatic marker perspective of immoral and corrupt behaviorMona Sobhani
Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 2520, USA
Soc Neurosci 6:640-52. 2011.... - Amygdala contribution to selective dimensions of emotionGary G Berntson
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2:123-9. 2007..The relative lack of emotional arousal to negative stimuli may account for many of the clinical features of amygdala lesions... - Functional dissociations of risk and reward processing in the medial prefrontal cortexGui Xue
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 1061, USA
Cereb Cortex 19:1019-27. 2009..e., aversion to uncertainty vs. approach to rewarding outcomes), where the relative strengths of these signals determine behavioral decisions involving risk and uncertainty... - Patients with Huntington's disease have impaired awareness of cognitive, emotional, and functional abilitiesKarin F Hoth
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 29:365-76. 2007..Future studies will benefit also from examining the association between awareness and cognition in larger samples... - Decision making and free will: a neuroscience perspectiveKelly Burns
Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Behav Sci Law 25:263-80. 2007..Using the criminal law as an example, we discuss how new discoveries in neuroscience can serve as a tool for reprioritizing our society's legal intuitions in a way that leads us to a more effective and humane system... - Exploring the neurological substrate of emotional and social intelligenceReuven Bar-On
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Brain 126:1790-800. 2003.... - Alcohol cues increase cognitive impulsivity in individuals with alcoholismXavier Noel
Clinic of Addictions, C H U Brugmann, Free University of Brussels ULB, Salle 72, 4, Place Van Gehuchten, 1020, Brussels, Belgium
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 192:291-8. 2007..We tested the hypothesis that alcoholics exhibit greater cognitive disinhibition when the response to be suppressed is associated with alcohol-related information... - Executive functions among individuals with methamphetamine or alcohol as drugs of choice: preliminary observationsRaul Gonzalez
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60622, USA
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 29:155-9. 2007..These preliminary findings suggest that self-reported drug of choice on admission to treatment may be associated with different patterns of executive performance during early recovery... - Response inhibition deficit is involved in poor decision making under risk in nonamnesic individuals with alcoholismXavier Noel
Clinic of Addictions, Brugmann Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
Neuropsychology 21:778-86. 2007..These results underline the important role that response inhibition plays in decision making, especially in risky situations, when knowledge of the probability of a given outcome becomes available (i.e. decisions under risk)... - Neurocognitive deficits related to poor decision making in people behind barsEldad Yechiam
Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Psychon Bull Rev 15:44-51. 2008..The present cognitive model provides a novel way for building a bridge between cognitive neuroscience and complex human behaviors... - Are all drug addicts impulsive? Effects of antisociality and extent of multidrug use on cognitive and motor impulsivityJasmin Vassileva
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60622, USA
Addict Behav 32:3071-6. 2007..Results suggest that a subclinical form of antisociality may have a paradoxically facilitating effect on decision-making and cognitive impulsivity among SDIs... - Neural correlates of adaptive decision making for risky gains and lossesJoshua A Weller
Decision Research, Eugene, Oregon 97401, USA
Psychol Sci 18:958-64. 2007..This research further demonstrates the role of emotion in decision competence... - Time course of attention for alcohol cues in abstinent alcoholic patients: the role of initial orientingXavier Noel
Clinic of Addictions, Brugmann Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 4 Place Van Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:1871-7. 2006..Here, we examine 2 distinct components of attention in abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals and social drinkers of alcohol, that is to say, the initial orienting to alcohol-related cues, and the maintenance of attention to them... - Executive dysfunction in substance dependent individuals during drug use and abstinence: an examination of the behavioral, cognitive and emotional correlates of addictionAntonio Verdejo-Garcia
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 12:405-15. 2006..Cognitive, behavioral, and emotional measures were moderately correlated... - The role of emotion in decision-making: evidence from neurological patients with orbitofrontal damageAntoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Brain Cogn 55:30-40. 2004..The implications of this theoretical framework for the normal and abnormal development of the orbitofrontal cortex are also discussed... - The dark side of emotion in decision-making: when individuals with decreased emotional reactions make more advantageous decisionsBaba Shiv
Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 23:85-92. 2005.... - Cognitive impulsivity and HIV serostatus in substance dependent malesEileen M Martin
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 10:931-8. 2004..Implications of these findings for future basic and applied studies of HIV and substance dependence are discussed... - Impaired decision making related to working memory deficits in individuals with substance addictionsAntoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Neuropsychology 18:152-62. 2004..M. Martin et al., 2003). The authors suggest that the prefrontal cortex hosts multiple distinct mechanisms of decision making and inhibitory control and that ISDs may be affected in any one or combination of them... - Investment behavior and the negative side of emotionBaba Shiv
Stanford University, CA 94305 5015, USA
Psychol Sci 16:435-9. 2005.... - Delayed nonmatch-to-sample performance in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative polydrug abusersEileen M Martin
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago and Chicago Veterans Health Care System West Side Division, 60612, USA
Neuropsychology 17:283-8. 2003..HIV-associated WM defects are not critically dependent on the amount of time stimulus representations must be maintained and might be attributed to impaired encoding or retrieval of stimulus representations... - Cognitive biases toward alcohol-related words and executive deficits in polysubstance abusers with alcoholismXavier Noel
Clinic of Addictions, Brugmann Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
Addiction 100:1302-9. 2005..To study cognitive biases for alcohol-related cues on executive function tasks involving mental flexibility and response inhibition in polysubstance abusers with alcoholism... - Risky business: emotion, decision-making, and addictionAntoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
J Gambl Stud 19:23-51. 2003..Using neurocognitive criteria could lead to more accurate subtyping of addictive disorders, and perhaps serve as a guide for more specific, and potentially more successful, behavioral and pharmacological interventions... - Asymmetric functional roles of right and left ventromedial prefrontal cortices in social conduct, decision-making, and emotional processingDaniel Tranel
Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA
Cortex 38:589-612. 2002.... - Impulsivity and decision makingAriane Zermatten
Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
J Nerv Ment Dis 193:647-50. 2005..This suggests that premeditation is related to decision making influenced by somatic (or emotional) markers... - Impairments of emotion and real-world complex behavior following childhood- or adult-onset damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortexSteven W Anderson
Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 12:224-35. 2006..Greater focus on the contribution of emotional dysfunction to the real-world competencies of patients with damage in the VM region may sharpen their neuropsychological assessment and facilitate rehabilitation efforts... - Decision-making and addiction (part I): impaired activation of somatic states in substance dependent individuals when pondering decisions with negative future consequencesAntoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Neuropsychologia 40:1675-89. 2002..Thus, the dysfunctional VM cortex underlying the "myopia" for the future in some SDI may be one of the principle mechanisms underlying the transition from casual substance taking to compulsive and uncontrollable behavior... - Decision-making and addiction (part II): myopia for the future or hypersensitivity to reward?Antoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Neuropsychologia 40:1690-705. 2002..A third sub-population is hypersensitive to reward, so that the presence or the prospect of receiving, reward dominates their behavior... - Using cognitive models to map relations between neuropsychological disorders and human decision-making deficitsEldad Yechiam
Indiana University, IN, USA
Psychol Sci 16:973-8. 2005..These findings demonstrate the potential contribution of cognitive models in building bridges between neuroscience and behavior... - Decision-making and impulse control after frontal lobe injuriesAntoine Bechara
Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
Curr Opin Neurol 18:734-9. 2005..The present review highlights recent progress made in this area of research... - The neurology of social cognitionAntoine Bechara
Brain 125:1673-5. 2002 - Decisions under ambiguity and decisions under risk: correlations with executive functions and comparisons of two different gambling tasks with implicit and explicit rulesMatthias Brand
Department of Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 29:86-99. 2007..Results have impact on the interpretation of deficient IGT performance in patients with frontal lobe dysfunctions... - Role of the amygdala in decision-makingAntoine Bechara
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 985:356-69. 2003.... - Emotion-based decision-making in healthy subjects: short-term effects of reducing dopamine levelsSerge Sevy
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, and Psychiatry Research Department, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 188:228-35. 2006..So far, it is unclear what aspects of addictive behaviors are related to a dopaminergic dysfunction... - The effects of vagus nerve stimulation on decision-makingColeman O Martin
Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA
Cortex 40:605-12. 2004..Although these results should be viewed as preliminary, they suggest that the vagus nerve is a conduit for afferent somatic signals that can influence decision-making... - Psychophysiological anticipation of positive outcomes promotes advantageous decision-making in normal older personsNatalie L Denburg
Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa 52242 1053, USA
Int J Psychophysiol 61:19-25. 2006.... - Skin conductance responses are elicited by the airway sensory effects of puffs from cigarettesNasir H Naqvi
Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
Int J Psychophysiol 61:77-86. 2006..The implications of these findings for the classical conditioning model, as well as for other learning models, are discussed... - Iowa gambling task in schizophrenia: a review and new data in patients with schizophrenia and co-occurring cannabis use disordersSerge Sevy
Department of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, 75 59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY, 11004, USA
Schizophr Res 92:74-84. 2007..To test this hypothesis, we compared schizophrenia patients with (SCZ((+))) or without (SCZ((-))) cannabis use disorders, to healthy subjects, on measures of cognition and IGT performance... - Does gender play a role in functional asymmetry of ventromedial prefrontal cortex?Daniel Tranel
Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, IA, USA
Brain 128:2872-81. 2005..men may use a more holistic, gestalt-type strategy, and women may use a more analytic, verbally-mediated strategy. Such differences could reflect asymmetric, gender-related differences in the neurobiology of left and right VMPC sectors... - Characteristics of prospective memory deficits in HIV-seropositive substance-dependent individuals: preliminary observationsEileen M Martin
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 29:496-504. 2007..These preliminary data provide new and unique findings regarding the components of executive function mediated by prefrontal cortical systems that are impaired among HIV+ SDIs and their relevance to "real-world" behaviors... - Negative emotion-driven impulsivity predicts substance dependence problemsAntonio Verdejo-Garcia
Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences Research Unit, Institut Municipal d Investigacio Medica, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
Drug Alcohol Depend 91:213-9. 2007..Thus, our results could have important implications for novel treatment approaches for substance dependence focused on emotional regulation... - The orbitofrontal cortex, real-world decision making, and normal agingNatalie L Denburg
Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 1053, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1121:480-98. 2007..Finally, we present data demonstrating that poor decision makers are more likely to fall prey to deceptive advertising, suggesting compromise of real-world judgment and decision-making abilities... - The influence of executive functions, sensation seeking, and HIV serostatus on the risky sexual practices of substance-dependent individualsRaul Gonzalez
University of Illinois Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, M C 912, 1601 W Taylor Street, Room 408, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
J Int Neuropsychol Soc 11:121-31. 2005..Our findings indicate that continued risk behavior among HIV+ drug users may be driven by sensation seeking (a personality trait common among drug users); however, the impact of executive functions is less clear... - Electrophysiological correlates of reward prediction error recorded in the human prefrontal cortexHiroyuki Oya
Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:8351-6. 2005..The finding implicates this brain region in the acquisition of choice bias by means of a continuous updating of expectations about reward and punishment... - Neural correlates of envisioning emotional events in the near and far futureArnaud D'Argembeau
Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Liege, Boulevard du rectorat 3 B33, Liege, Belgium
Neuroimage 40:398-407. 2008..On the other hand, the caudate might support more concrete simulations of action plans to achieve rewarding situations in the near future...
Research Grants
- Changes in Addictive Behaviors after Brain LesionsAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2009....
- Residual Effects of Ecstasy on Decision-Making & DrivingAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2007..On the social front, the study helps shed more light on how to identify individuals who may present a risk to others and to themselves on the road. ..
- Changes in Addictive Behaviors after Brain LesionsAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2004..Thus, the proposed research is a beginning of a novel approach with potential for developing more effective therapies for breaking the vicious cycle of addiction. ..
- COGNITIVE AND NEURAL MECHANISMS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSEAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2004..abstract_text> ..
- PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF DECISION-MAKINGAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2002..abstract_text> ..
- COGNITIVE AND NEURAL MECHANISMS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSEAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2000..Thus, this research is a beginning that may guide the future development of pharmacotherapeutic strategies that help improve the methods of treatment and prevention of substance abuse. ..
- Changes in Addictive Behaviors after Brain LesionsAntoine Bechara; Fiscal Year: 2010....