David Alberts

..The results of epidemiologic studies indicate that higher intakes or blood concentrations of folate are associated with a lower risk of colorectal neoplasia; however, only one study assessed the role of homocysteine...

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..The Gynecologic Oncology Group has studied >20 cytotoxic drugs or drug combinations in the second-line, phase II setting of advanced, drug resistant cervix cancer...

..The censoring could be dependent of risk of recurrence if the reasons of having early colonoscopy are associated with recurrence. This can complicate estimation of the recurrence rate...

..Thus, the inability of the high WBF intervention to reduce colorectal adenoma recurrence may be a consequence of its lack of effect on fecal aqueous-phase secondary bile acid concentrations...

..This trial was designed to evaluate IFN-gamma 1b plus carboplatin and paclitaxel in treatment-naive ovarian cancer (OC) and primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) patients...

..Despite the improvement in progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer associated with platinum-taxane chemotherapy, strategies are needed to prevent the greater than 70% recurrence rate...

..We hypothesized that dose escalation of vitamin A to 50000 or 75000 IU/day would be both safe and more efficacious in skin cancer chemoprevention...

..We conducted a phase III, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of UDCA to evaluate its ability to prevent colorectal adenoma recurrence...

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..The study summarizes results of karyometric measurements in epithelial cells of the colorectal mucosa to document evidence of a field effect of preneoplastic development among patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma or adenoma...

..The proceedings of this workshop summarize both research trial results and practical implementation issues associated with intraperitoneal therapy discussed at this workshop...

..We conclude that imatinib mesylate as a single agent does not appear to have useful clinical activity in c-Kit and/or PDGFR positive, recurrent ovarian cancer in heavily pretreated patients with ovarian cancer...

..Mitigating drug toxicities with the use of cytoprotectants such as amifostine and preventing infection with the use of agents, such as amifostine and pegfilgrastim, are discussed in detail...

..To study the human pharmacokinetics and in vitro cytotoxicity of Apomine, an p.o. administered, nonmyelosuppressive agent that selectively inhibits cell proliferation and induces tumor cell apoptosis through the farnesoid X receptor...

..Topical DFMO for 6 months can reduce the number of AK lesions and skin spermidine concentrations in high-risk participants and deserves additional study as a skin cancer chemopreventive agent...

..We conducted a randomized trial to determine whether dietary supplementation with wheat-bran fiber reduces the rate of recurrence of colorectal adenomas...

..To compare the in vitro cytotoxicity of nedaplatin, an investigational platinum analog, with that of the standard platinum agents, cisplatin and carboplatin, against fresh human, epithelial ovarian cancers...

..However, a tentative discriminant function (DF I,3) derived from the characteristics of the extreme cases correctly classified approximately 64% of nonrecurrent and 83% of recurrent cases using a Bayesian decision boundary...

..To assess the changes in the nuclear chromatin pattern concomitant with progressive sun damage in skin biopsies ranging from sun-exposed, normal-appearing skin to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)...

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..Our goal is to develop agents for use in combination and/or incorporation into sunscreens to improve chemoprevention efficacy and reduce skin cancer incidence...

..To present the rationale for applying different sequences of multivariate analysis algorithms to determine if and where, in the large and high-dimensional data space, events have led to change in karyometric features...

..To determine whether low-dose topical applications of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) with or without Triamcinolone (Fougena, Melville, New York, U.S.A.) to moderately sun-damaged skin with actinic skin keratoses are efficacious...

..The plethora of agents currently available present difficult choices for physicians. The present effort seeks to examine the role of one of these agents, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin...

..However, this effect may be limited to individuals with lower triglyceride levels...

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..Additional interrater reliability tests utilizing larger test sets and a rigorous statistical design should be undertaken to establish its portability...

..This should be taken into consideration in assessing the efficacy of chemopreventive intervention...

..This study was designed to establish estimates of the smallest effects due to chemopreventive intervention detectable by karyometry in skin biopsies...

..Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a depth resolved imaging modality that may aid in identifying sun damaged skin and the precancerous condition actinic keratosis (AK)...

..Limited data exist regarding the actual risk of developing advanced adenomas and cancer after polypectomy or the factors that determine risk...

..Collectively, these data suggest that COX-2 may play a functional role in metastases of melanoma, and treatment with COX-2 inhibitors may be efficacious for malignant melanoma...

..The methodology lends itself to cost-efficient screening of compounds for chemopreventive efficacy...

..To establish whether karyometry was likely to detect change in the proportion of abnormal cells in random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA) specimens from high-risk women in a 6-month prevention trial with an aromatase inhibitor...

..5) at initiation of platinum-based chemotherapy are likely to become more anemic during treatment and should be considered for prophylactic erythropoietin therapy as an alternative to transfusion...

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..Its use can monitor the impact of chemopreventive agents on the earliest events in progression to cancer...

..d-Limonene is a natural component of a variety of foods and beverages and is found mainly in citrus fruits. However, d-limonene is not assessed by any nationally available analysis database...

..Validation of murine models in human skin will aid in development of effective skin cancer chemoprevention and prevention strategies...

..We conducted this clinical study to determine the effect of repeated green tea polyphenol administration on a major group of detoxification enzymes, glutathione S-transferases (GST)...

..This study evaluates the association between participant self-reported study diary records and the weight of the medication vessel at each study visit, in the setting of a phase IIb topical chemoprevention trial...

..Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effect of anthropometric measures of obesity on adenoma after polypectomy...

..49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.81) were associated with reduced SCC risk. More studies are needed to elucidate the function of RBC fatty acids so that recommendations can be made to alter the human diet for cancer prevention...

..In all comparisons, women had higher kappa values than men. These results suggest that self-reported measures of skin cancer risk are reasonably reliable for use in screening subjects into studies...

..In summary, the results of this study show a moderate, nonsignificant inverse association between serum 25(OH)D levels and reduced risk for colorectal adenoma recurrence, particularly among women...

..07-2.82) and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.03-2.75). Our results support a meat mutagen exposure hypothesis as a potential mechanism for recurrence of clinically significant adenomatous polyps...

..Tea catechin concentrations in plasma and urine samples collected after dosing were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis...

..Evidence for an association between dietary fiber and colorectal neoplasia has been equivocal, and some data suggest that there may be sex differences in response to fiber...

..There was substantial case-to-case heterogeneity in these invasive lesions...

..Our finding, suggesting that multivitamins or supplemental folate only benefit individuals with lower plasma folate concentrations, should be taken into consideration when designing and interpreting results of intervention studies...

..To test whether histologically normal epithelium within ovarian inclusion cysts and stroma exhibit changes in nuclear chromatin pattern that indicate the presence of occult ovarian lesions...

..S.D. for the assay was less than 12 and 5%, respectively. This assay has been applied to the analysis of celecoxib levels in plasma samples collected from healthy participants entered into a Phase II clinical study...

..This phase II trial evaluated bevacizumab plus erlotinib in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer; exploratory biomarker analyses, including that of tumor vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), were also done...

..These COX-2 data have contributed to initiation of clinical trials testing COX-2 inhibitors for the chemoprevention of a wide variety of cancers that overexpress COX-2...

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..Finally, the evidence for a relationship between pancreatic cancer and diet remains sparse and warrants additional investigation...

..Celecoxib has been approved for the management of familial adenomatous polyposis and is under investigation for the management of sporadic colorectal polyps and for its potential as a chemopreventive agent for other cancers...

..We re-evaluated the effect of UDCA in men and women separately, based on sex-specific differences in bile acid metabolism and suspected variation in etiologic factors contributing to colorectal cancer risk...

..038). These results are the first to show partitioning of sulindac and metabolites to human breast tissue and the first evidence for a potential dose-dependent effect of sulindac on growth differentiation factor 15 levels in NAF...

..These results suggest that whereas our karyometric analyses can detect a modest effect of POH in sun-damaged skin, improved delivery into the epidermis may be necessary...

..Correlation with long term clinical outcome is needed to validate meaningful combinations of informative biomarkers...

..Degree of misreporting among participants in chemoprevention trials is unknown. We assessed the level of discrepancy between self-reported smoking exposure and plasma cotinine among participants in a chemoprevention trial...

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..These analyses confirm the results of the original intent to treat analyses and raise an interesting question related to the potential for increased risk for patients in the first quartile of retinol dose...

..Whether a plant-based diet without specific energy goals will result in weight loss or changes in body composition in women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer has not been fully explored...

..However, there was no significant difference between lesions appearing on the POH treated forearm vs. the placebo-treated forearm...

..It is unclear if the risk factors associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw among cancer patients taking bisphosphonates also are possible risk factors among patients receiving these medications for other indications...

..To assess the ability of karyometric analysis to demonstrate progression of actinic damage as a function of sun exposure in individuals with actinic keratoses (AKs) and to evaluate the stability of that assessment over a 3-month period...

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..The objectives of this study were to determine whether participants in the Wheat Bran Fiber (WBF) trial exhibited changes in diet over time, and whether these changes were differential by assigned treatment group...

..Further clinical development of resveratrol for cancer prevention should consider evaluation of lower doses of resveratrol to minimize adverse metabolic drug interactions...

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..The method described here is illustrated with an example from a colon polyp prevention study...

..Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency has been observed among populations in the northern United States. However, data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in areas of high sun exposure, such as Arizona, are limited...

..02) than for nonadvanced recurrence (P(trend) = 0.10). These results suggest that, once an adenoma is removed, higher IGF-I levels reduce the odds of the formation of new lesions in the colorectum...

..Tumor angiogenesis likely plays a critical role in early development of melanoma, and intermediate biomarkers of angiogenesis could be useful as chemoprevention and prognostic markers...

..We conducted this clinical study to determine the effect of repeated green tea catechin administration on human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme activities...

..We investigated the role of dietary and supplemental sources of calcium and vitamin D in the etiology of adenoma recurrence...

..Therefore, we examined whether baseline fiber intake affected colorectal adenoma recurrence or modified the effect of treatment group in the WBF trial participants...

..In future Phase III chemoprevention trials of celecoxib, weight gain should be carefully monitored, and participants should be made aware of this potential side effect before study entry...

..To derive an objective, numeric measure for the progression of intraepithelial and invasive squamous cell cervical lesions...

..Three phase 1 clinical trials of a superpotent melanotropic peptide, melanotan-1 (MT-1, or [Nle(4)-D-Phe(7)]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) were performed to demonstrate safety for MT-1 therapy combined with UV-B light or sunlight...

..The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wheat bran fiber (WBF) supplementation on bone loss in older people...

..Secondary analyses of data from a large randomized clinical trial have suggested that intake of the trace element selenium reduces risk of colorectal neoplasia, but epidemiologic studies have not shown a consistent protective association...

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..We assessed 2 polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene (C677T and A1298C) in relation to colorectal adenoma recurrence and conducted analyses to investigate their joint effects with plasma and dietary markers of folate status...

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..To explore p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and polyamine content as biomarkers in skin cancer chemoprevention trials, we evaluated their expression in early stages of UV-induced squamous cell tumorigenesis...

..The results of this nested case-controlled study provide potential mechanisms by which a high fruit and vegetable, low-fat diet might reduce the recurrence rate of or early-stage breast cancer...

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..In this series confined to patients with minimal residual disease after initial therapy subjected to second-line intraperitoneal treatment, it appears to identify a poor prognostic (positive) subset for survival...

..The regimen demonstrated significant activity in endometrial cancer, comparable to other multi-agent chemotherapy programs in terms of response rate and survival, and with a favorable toxicity profile...

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..Our previous preliminary studies suggested suppression of some or all of the ISGF-3 proteins in skin SCC...

..Continued capacity building and future collaboration will also be woven into this conference to serve as a stone to build upon in the future. ..

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..The renewal outlined in this application is critical to keep us working to accomplish our mission. ..