K L Tucker

..05 for all), although they had similar intakes. A large proportion of these elders (>90%) have inadequate intake of alpha-tocopherol, and plasma concentrations were associated with intake patterns...

..These findings suggest that dietary fat has a significant influence on BMD that is dependent on the alleles present for the PPARG gene...

..To reduce the impending burden of disease and disability worldwide, urgent action is needed to understand and to address the nutritional needs of the aging population...

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..There continues to be considerable debate about the role of acid vs. basic components of the diet on the long-term status of bone mineral density...

..Several nutrients are known to affect bone mineral density (BMD). However, these nutrients occur together in foods and dietary patterns, and the overall effects of dietary choices are not well understood...

..Limited data suggest that Puerto Ricans experience greater disability than other ethnic groups, but few studies have examined the factors associated with this apparent difference...

..Low vitamin B-12 status is prevalent among the elderly, but few studies have examined the association between vitamin B-12 status and intake...

..Osteoporosis and related fractures will be growing public health problems as the population ages. It is therefore of great importance to identify modifiable risk factors...

..However, no studies have examined the association between vitamin D status, dementia, and cranial MRI indicators of cerebrovascular disease (CVD)...

..Hispanic elders have a high prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control, leading to inadequate nutritional status, muscle wasting, and impaired function...

..The selection of a dietary assessment method most appropriate for Hispanic adults with/without HIV infection who may be drug abusers remains unclear...

..Vitamin K has been associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of hip fracture. The apolipoprotein (apo) E4 allele (APOE*E4) has been associated with bone fracture through a putative effect on vitamin K transport in blood...

..Despite the growing use of patterning methods in nutritional epidemiology, a direct comparison of factor and cluster analysis methods has not been performed...

..Individual dietary patterns may be important modulators of high iron stores...

..Few studies have examined the association between carotenoid intake (other than beta-carotene) and bone mineral density (BMD)...

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..Results from this population-based sample of elderly individuals suggest that inadequate vitamin D status is an important public health problem, which could be readily addressed by adequate vitamin D intake or sunlight exposure...

..Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Variation in the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) and glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) genes has been associated with fasting plasma triacylglycerol...

..Single-nutrient studies are also needed to explore the mechanisms by which foods may be protective...

..Intakes and biochemical concentrations of carotenoids and tocopherols have been associated with chronic diseases...

..Preventive measures to improve dietary variety, as measured by the dietary variety score, should be evaluated and introduced before nutrition and health complications arise...

..SPONSORSHIP: NIH grants AG12829, DK46124 and T32AG00209, and US Cooperative Agreement number 58-1950-9-001...

..Therefore, vitamin C may have a protective effect on bone health in older adults...

..Pattern analysis is helpful in generating hypotheses regarding the role of diet in obesity, and additional research is needed to understand which elements of our patterns are protective or risk factors for weight gain...

..Analyses of gene-gene interactions may improve understanding of genetically based obesity risk, and underscore the need for further study of groups with multiple ancestral admixtures...

..Dietary fat intake seems to modulate these associations. The results contribute to the understanding of health disparities in this population...

..Given the high frequency of the major alleles in both populations, we suggest that WDTC1 variation may be an important risk factor contributing to obesity in these populations...

..The likely liability in iron nutriture in free-living, elderly white Americans eating a Western diet is high iron stores, not iron deficiency...

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..The accurate measurement of stature is not possible in many frail elderly persons because of problems affecting their ability to stand straight. In such cases, knee height may be used to estimate stature...

..We examined association between energy-adjusted protein intake and hip fracture risk in elders. The risk of hip fracture was reduced in upper quartiles of protein intake when compared with lowest quartile...

..Despite these caveats, these findings support the use of a FFQ for a relative assessment of vitamin K status in population-based studies...

..Because both of these metabolites are known risk factors for CVD, these findings contribute to the evidence that a higher intake of fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of CVD...

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..Because of their metabolic function, folate and other one-carbon micronutrients may be important factors in the control of uracil misincorporation...

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..8, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.3). Dietary patterns were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and its components. More research is needed to make appropriate nutritional recommendations for this high-risk population...

..Careful selection of the highest vitamin E source foods within these groups could further increase the likelihood of meeting the current recommended daily allowance...

..Our analysis suggests that following the 2005 FGP may be associated with lower energy and optimal nutrient intake. Careful restriction of discretionary calories appears necessary for appropriate energy intakes to be maintained...

..We aimed to determine the association between polymorphisms in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 cluster with allostatic load parameters, alone, and in interaction with dietary fat intake in Puerto Ricans adults...

..Our data show that the effect of the L162V polymorphism on plasma TG and apoC-III concentrations depends on the dietary PUFA, with a high intake triggering lower TG in carriers of the 162V allele...

..Compliance should be encouraged with record keeping as well as through continuous monitoring and positive reinforcement...

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..2; P for interaction <0.01). Further research is needed to confirm causality of these associations and the observed difference by gender...

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..As in other populations, sources of unbound vitamin B-12 such as supplements and fortified cereal appear to be protective. Dietary intervention programs targeted to the Hispanic population should promote these vitamin B-12 sources...

..In conclusion, the APOA5-1131T>C SNP, which is present in approximately 13% of this population, modulates the effect of fat intake on BMI and obesity risk in both men and women...

..nondeletion), and HMOX-1 (any short vs. both long). We attempted to replicate identified genes in an analysis of heart rate variability and in other outcomes reported in the literature...

..The S-adenosylmethionine synthetase type 1 (MAT1A) gene encodes a key enzyme in one-carbon nutrient metabolism...

..Dietary patterns appear to play an important role in the micronutrient and homocysteine status of these Chinese adults...

..This frequency was consistently high across all cognitive categories. With interviewer administration, this FFQ seems to be a valid method of assessing dietary EPA + DHA intake in older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment...

..21). In conclusion, a truncated apoB was a rare cause of HBLP, whereas the E2/E3 genotype was a much more common cause. A large prospective study is needed to evaluate the incidence of cancer and atherosclerosis in subjects with HBLP...

..The purpose of this analysis is to investigate, in a racially diverse group of homebound elders, the association of multivitamin use with measures of plasma B vitamin concentrations...

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..Our findings support the hypothesis that the association between an MTHFR polymorphism and bone phenotypes depends on folate status...

..In addition, greater physical activity and responsible sunlight exposure should be encouraged to promote vitamin D adequacy...

..Total and central obesity were positively associated with the rice pattern. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the causal nature of these associations...

..Null associations were observed among women. These results suggest a possible protective role of vitamin C for bone health in older men...

..Testing whether patterns measured over a long time period can be used in analytic studies is the next step in assessing the validity of this method...

..Cultural variation in dietary patterns may influence iron availability and body iron stores and contribute to an increased risk for iron deficiency anemia among some Hispanic older adults...

..CONCLUSION: Our study does not support the N-nitroso compound hypothesis, but suggests potential roles for carotenoids and possibly other phytochemicals in reducing risk of adult glioma...

..These findings support previous studies in US adults and suggest that dietary variables other than fat have an important influence on adult body composition...

..Low vitamin B-6 status has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The cardioprotective effects of vitamin B-6 independent of homocysteine suggest that additional mechanisms may be involved...

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..Vitamin B-6 is an important cofactor in many metabolic processes. However, vitamin B-6 intake and plasma status have not been well studied in the Puerto Rican population, a group with documented health disparities...

..The purpose of this study was to examine non-dietary factors that could affect the weight of drug abusers with and without HIV infection...

..These interactions may be relevant to dietary management of obesity...

..We examined the association between the total homocysteine concentration and the risk of hip fracture in men and women enrolled in the Framingham Study...

..Moderate intake of alcohol has been reported to have beneficial effects on bone. However, different classes of alcoholic beverages have not been investigated...

..High homocysteine and low B vitamin concentrations have been linked to the risk of vascular disease, stroke, and dementia and are relatively common in older adults...

..Low dietary vitamin K intake has been associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in men and women. Few data exist on the association between dietary vitamin K intake and bone mineral density (BMD)...

..Investigation of genetic or other factors associated with this apparent excess risk of systolic hypertension among elderly Hispanics, particularly among women, is warranted...

..To determine the efficacy of high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) on glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes...

..Current research on diet and bone status supports encouragement of balanced diets with plenty of fruit and vegetables, adequate dairy and other protein foods, and limitation of foods with low nutrient density...

..Traffic exposure may increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk via systemic inflammation and elevated blood pressure, two important clinical markers for managing disease progression...

..Still, dietary pattern research has great potential for use in nutrition policy, particularly as it demonstrates the importance of total diet in health promotion...

..Our findings suggest that the relative intake of lutein and zeaxanthin may be important to age-related macular degeneration risk. Future studies are needed to assess the individual associations of lutein and zeaxanthin in eye health...

..In addition, they extend these findings by demonstrating that the combination of both behaviors is more protective than either alone, suggesting that their beneficial effects are mediated by different mechanisms...

..Because of the potential importance of carotenoids as protective factors against chronic diseases, more attention to food-related practices associated with carotenoid intake in differing population groups is warranted...

..We examined associations between television viewing and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among a representative sample of Caribbean-origin Hispanic elders living in Massachusetts...

..Elevated homocysteine is a strong risk factor for osteoporotic fractures among elders, yet it may be a marker for low B-vitamin status...

..We further propose that the association between life stress, physiologic response and chronic conditions is modified by nutritional status, with a focus on B vitamins and antioxidant vitamins...

..Apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) variation is associated with plasma triglycerides (TGs). However, little is known about whether dietary fat modulates this association...

..Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an abundant fatty acid in the brain. In the diet, DHA is found mostly in fatty fish. The content of DHA has been shown to be decreased in the brain and plasma of patients with dementia...

..We conclude that the use of opiates or combined opiates and cocaine does not increase the risk of weight loss in the presence or absence of HIV infection. Exclusive cocaine use may exacerbate weight loss in HIV-infection...

..Studies identifying associations between diet quality and mortality are beginning to quantify the importance of eating a variety of healthful foods and are helping to refine that advice...

..Avoidance of a sedentary lifestyle additionally reduces the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome...

..To compare associations of lean fish vs fatty fish (tuna or other fish) intake with dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) and in relation to APOE epsilon4 status in the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study (CHCS)...

..The combination of lifestyle factors that accompany heavy television use appear to place children at risk of obesity and poor nutritional status...

..In conclusion, while few elderly Ecuadorians were underweight, obesity was common. Micronutrient deficiencies were prevalent and may contribute to reduced immunological responses in this population...

..There are limited data about dietary intakes and plasma lipids of elderly US Hispanics...

..It is not clear whether the observed associations between homocysteine and cognitive measures are causal or whether they are due to homocysteine, to independent actions of the B vitamins, or to both...

..73) for men with high dairy intakes compared with those with low dairy intakes. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that calcium intake within moderate limits is not associated with a notably increased risk of prostate cancer...

..Dietary intake is a critical environmental exposure when considering the effect of many genetic factors on disease risk. However, dietary intake is a complex and changing measure that requires particular care in assessment...

..Many studies have not considered possible concurrent HIV disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between drug abuse and dietary intake in Hispanic Americans with and without HIV infection...

..CONCLUSIONS: This analysis, in which we used current energy intake as a surrogate for past prediagnostic intake, suggests a higher risk of prostate cancer with increased energy intake...

..Particulate air pollution has been related to cardiovascular death and hospital admission, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated...

..Few studies have examined predictors of meeting health guidelines in pregnancy among Latina women...