D Lester

..Students living on campus were more depressed and suicidal than those living with their parents...

..It was concluded that the two sets of measures may tap the same cognitive mind set...

..The sexual acts involved in the murders by the suicides seemed to be more deviant in some aspects, such as committing more bizarre sexual acts or more often taping the murder...

..The results suggest the deaths from suicide had a more profound impact on the survivors than the natural deaths and results in greater emotional distress...

..Replicable sex differences in response to the items were identified which may merit further study...

..Lower Ego-Grasping scores appear to be associated with better psychological health. The scale has been translated and used with Korean, Kuwaiti, and Turkish students, indicating that the scale can be useful in cross-cultural studies...

..In a sample of 149 undergraduate students, measures of religiosity and spirituality were positively associated with measures of depression, mania, and past suicidal ideation...

..quot; In contrast, I continue to assert that it is unfair to impose restrictions and moral judgments on death-choices when they are not imposed upon life-choices that also carry the risk of emotional harm to others...

..In samples of organ donors, homicide victims had significantly more individuals with type O and type B than organ donors in general, while suicides did not differ...

..An analysis of trends over a 3-yr. period in the letters of Vincent Van Gogh to his sister as the time of his suicide approached identified 8 trends, including an increase in words concerned with anxiety and words concerned with the past...

..The noteworthy pattern is that mention of failure with women was immediately followed in his diary by denigration of his literary work. Other features of his life, such as the loss of his father when he was six, are also discussed...

..The Kuwait University Anxiety Scale was administered to 138 American college students and three meaningful factors identified, somewhat different from those identified by Abdel-Khalek in 2000...

..Similarly, several criteria for rationality were proposed and suicide was seen as sometimes meeting these criteria. Thus, suicide can be sometimes conceptualized as a "good" death...

..Some illustrations are given of how studies of indigenous peoples can be used both to test existing theories of suicide and generate new theories of suicide...

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..In a sample of 124 American undergraduate students, approval of egg donation was predicted by age, sex, and Neuroticism scores (R2=.14), while approval of sperm donation was predicted only by age of this sample (R2=.07)...

..Using criteria proposed for heroes by Blau, et al. (2009), it is argued that suicide bombers (especially men) may fit the criteria for heroes...

..It is argued that it is important to conduct comparable sociological studies in samples of nations so that the general trends and deviations from these trends can be observed and efforts made to explain these phenomena...

..Blood type was the strongest predictor of national suicide rates...

..Cases of individuals who completed suicide are presented, together with examples of the suicide notes they left. The lack of protest suicide is noted...

..Attention is drawn to a website honoring those veterans of the war who have committed suicide: www.suicidewall.com..

..A text analysis of 261 suicide notes from Australia identified 13 differences by sex and 24 by age in a set of 74 content variables...

..Reasons for the low rate of completed suicide in Muslims are reviewed, including differences in values and socio-economic status...

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..The issue of whether it is more useful to focus on societal interventions to prevent suicide or individual-centered approaches is discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of each approach are explored...

..The belief in the inheritance of suicide was not associated with manic-depressive tendencies or religiosity in a sample of 120 college students...

..A text analysis of 33 pairs of genuine and simulated suicides indicated that simulated notes are less concerned with others, focus more on the reasons for their suicide, and use more negations (such as no and not)...

..The meaning of this response might be studied...

..69 American undergraduates (M(age) = 22.1 yr., SD = 5.9) viewed suicide bombers and guerilla fighters who kill civilians more negatively than they view protest suicide and guerilla fighters who kill soldiers...

..A text analysis of 40 suicide notes from Germany identified differences in the suicide notes by men and women. Notes by men were less concerned with causation and insight and more concerned with communication and other people...

..Examples are provided of crisis intervention by e-mail. Finally, some caveats are presented based on experiences with crisis intervention by telephone...

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..A classification of suicidal memes is proposed and the relationship between memes and archetypes of suicide is discussed. It is suggested that the terminology of meme theory can sharpen research into imitation effects in suicide...

..For 49 college students, cognitive complexity as measured by George Kelly's REP Grid technique was associated with Judging-Perceiving scores on the Keirsey-Bates Temperament Sorter...

..A classification scheme for completed suicide is proposed based on the classification of first, second, and third degree murder and voluntary and involuntary manslaughter...

..None of the murderers but half of the attempted murderers were found not guilty, or guilty then released. Mothers used drowning more than did fathers and were more likely to be found not guilty...

..The reliability of a 19-item scale to measure manic experience was explored in 138 undergraduates. Cronbach alpha was .77, and five factors were identified, indicating heterogeneity in the items...

..The suicide rate in 1990 of the nine major regions in Scotland was not associated with marriage, birth, mortality, or infant mortality rates...

..Brief case descriptions from journalists are presented to illustrate the role of traumatic experiences, the sense of being a burden to their families, and shame and humiliation in female suicide bombers...

..Experiences with telephone counseling are used to illustrate potential problems for e-therapy: therapy becoming conversational, problems of transference and countertransference, and the effects of client's control and immediacy of contact...

..In a sample of 138 college students, the personal finance behaviors of impulse control and organization were negatively associated with the use of recreational drugs and with scores on measures of depression, mania, and anxiety...

..Applying models proposed for how people categorize objects, it is argued that both experts and lay people use a prototypical approach rather than a feature comparison approach for defining suicide...

..In a sample of 43 male undergraduates, scores on religiosity in a Muslim context and death anxiety (Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety) were not associated...

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..Individuals who have attempted suicide in the past have lower cholesterol levels, especially if they used violent methods for suicide. Cholesterol lowering studies, however, did not lead to a significant increase in completed suicide...

..A meta-analysis of regional correlates of homicide rates in 8 nations revealed consistent associations of homicide rates with divorce, suicide and unemployment rates, per capita income, and population size...

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..In a sample of 20 European nations, the prevalence of the brain parasite Toxoplasma gondii was positively associated with national suicide rates for men and women...

..The suicide rate of Koreans living in Japan is twice as high as that of Koreans in South Korea. Reasons for this high suicide rate are discussed, including effects of economic crises and discrimination...

..In a sample of 17 European nations, the prevalence of the brain parasite Toxoplasma gondii and the percentage of Finno-Ugrians in the populations were significantly associated with national suicide rates for men and women...

..As the time of her suicide came closer, words expressing positive emotions became more frequent, while words concerned with causation and insight became less frequent...

..The suicides of older persons were more often motivated by escape from pain and less often had love/romantic problems...

..For 12 industrialized nations in 1965, suicide and homicide rates were not associated with the per capita use of DDT...

..The usefulness of this approach for understanding the psychodynamics of suicidal behavior is discussed...

..These trends are different from those previously identified from studies of letters and diaries written by suicides...

..It is suggested that a possible suicide prevention tactic might involve changing the music and lyrics of national anthems...

..42 and -.39, respectively), while scores for the patterns were positively associated with neuroticism scores (.42 and .49, respectively)...

..For the period 1994-2005 in the U.S.A., suicides were less likely to be organ donors than were victims of homicide and motor vehicle accidents...

..A search of historical documents about suicide in Siberian tribes in the 18th and 19th centuries indicated that they had very high suicide rates. It would be of great interest to explore suicidal behavior in these tribes today...

..In a sample of 20 European nations, the distribution of blood types provided a better explanation for the association of longitude with suicide rates than did the percentage of Finno-Ugrian ethnic group...

..35 and .18, respectively). A multiple self, therefore, appears to have positive and negative features...

..The therapeutic strategies employed are described, and the case brought to a successful resolution...

..Scales to measure helplessness and hopelessness were found to have good reliability and concurrent validity and were significantly correlated with suicidal ideation...

..Similarly, having more social network "friends" was associated with finding the relationships with those individuals less fulfilling...

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..Correlations for scores on Templer's Death Anxiety Scale and the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale indicate a lack of validity for Templer's scale...

..The pattern of involvement in risky behavior was different for youths from the three ethnic groups...

..A stepwise regression analysis indicated that shyness was predicted by introversion, neuroticism, and problematic Internet usage as assessed by the Online Cognition Scale...

..The death toll for mass murders was higher when the murderer committed suicide and when the incident was elsewhere than the Americas and Europe...

..Those rampage killers who completed suicide were less likely to be judged schizophrenic and more likely to be killing present or former co-workers...

..In a sample of 18 industrialized nations with available data, mean scores on the "big five factors" were not significantly associated with national suicide or homicide rates...

..An analysis of the blog of a murder-suicide showed no similarities to previous analyses of the diary of a suicide...

..In a sample of 503 undergraduates, a newly proposed subscale for the Manic-Depressiveness Scale is more strongly associated with depression scores than with manic scores...

..The correlates of provincial divorce rates in Germany in 1996 were marriage rates, birth rates, population density, and formerly East versus West Germany...

..For 1960-1992, while divorce rates predicted the general homicide rates, neither divorce nor unemployment rates predicted the rates with which police killed civilians or civilians killed police...

..Regional mortality rates from cancer and suicide had similar social correlates in the Ukraine but not in the United States...

..The social correlates of the homicide rates were, however, quite different from those of the suicide rates...

..Violent and nonviolent suicide rates in the American states in 1980 showed different social correlates, but both patterns were different from those for homicide rates...

..The results were interpreted as support for a recent suggestion that preventing access to lethal methods for suicide may prevent suicide...

..The accidental death rate from guns in Canada was associated with the percentage of guns used by suicides and on homicide victims except for elderly persons...

..Suicide by all other methods rose more sharply during the latter part of this period, suggesting that people may have switched methods for suicide...

..In Italy for the period 1864-1913, suicide rates were positively associated with the military participation rate...

..Formerly eastern European nations had higher rates of mortality from suicide and tuberculosis in 1990 and 1995 and a greater increase in these rates over the 5-yr. period than western European nations...

..The quality of life in 1982 of children in nations of the world reported by Jordan in 1993 was positively associated with youth suicide rates only for males in 1982...

..The regional correlates of male and of female unemployment rates in 1980 and 1990 were different, with rates for females, but not for males, associated with worse socioeconomic conditions, such as high infant mortality and homicide rates...

..The Austrian prison suicide rate for 1950-1995 was shown to be associated in a similar manner to the social indicators of marriage, birth, and divorce rates as the suicide rate of Austrian males in the general population...

..In 27 nations of the world, alcohol consumption predicted suicide rates, but changes in alcohol consumption did not predict changes in suicide rates...

..Mortality rates from suicide and cancer in 1990 in 37 European nations were positively associated...

..A northeastern American municipal police department experienced a cluster of suicides in 1987-1993 but experienced none in the period 1994-1999...

..The rank order of a set of 32 causal attributes for depression was similar to that for suicide, as judged by a sample of 66 undergraduates...

..The motivations of those seeking to prevent and assist suicide are conceptualized as defensive styles of repression versus sensitization adopted to deal with personal suicidal desires...