Deborah Kuban

..This technique continues to evolve, working toward image-guided radiation therapy, which is adjusted daily for positional and architectural changes of the gland...

..To assess prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure definitions for patients with Stage T1-T2 prostate cancer treated by permanent prostate brachytherapy...

..To report the long-term results of a randomized radiotherapy dose escalation trial for prostate cancer...

..To report the long-term outcome for patients with Stage T1-T2 adenocarcinoma of the prostate definitively irradiated in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era...

..To assess the benefit of escalating the dose in definitive prostate cancer radiotherapy vs. the associated risk of complications...

..A summary of these results and the associated issues are presented here...

..To report long-term failure patterns and survival in a randomized radiotherapy dose escalation trial for prostate cancer...

..The concept of a universal definition of failure that might be applied to multiple modalities, including surgery, should also be investigated, at least for comparative study and research purposes...

..To compare long-term outcome using alternative failure definitions after external beam radiation for localized prostate cancer...

..For breast cancer radiotherapy, ultrasound serves to define involved primary and nodal sites, especially in patients in whom surgical evaluation will not be the first therapeutic step...

..To study the radiation dose-response as determined by Kaplan-Meier prostate-specific antigen (PSA) disease-free survival (PSA-DFS) estimates in patients with stage T1-T2 prostate cancer treated within a 2-year period (1994-1995)...

..Assess the importance of overall time (OT) and dose for biochemical failure (BF) after external-beam radiotherapy of prostate cancer in a retrospective analysis of a nine-institution database with 4839 patients...

....

..To compare the fits of normal-tissue complication probability (NTCP) models based on rectal dose-wall histograms (DWHs) vs. dose-volume histograms (DVHs) when the two are used to analyze a common set of late rectal toxicity data...

..We sought to identify the bladder dose-volume factors associated with an increased risk of late urinary toxicity among prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy...

..To compare the fits of various normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models to a common set of late rectal toxicity data, with the aim of identifying the best model for predicting late rectal injury after irradiation...

....

..Accounting for these changes would facilitate the retrospective comparison of outcomes for patients treated in different periods...

..By comparing the outcomes for patients who received RT alone and for those who received combined RT and hormonal therapy, we assessed the potential benefits of hormonal therapy...

..To determine the rate and magnitude of late genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities after salvage or adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer, and to determine predictive factors for these toxicities...

....

..The purpose of this study was to test the validity of a two-dimensional cluster model of late rectal toxicity based on maximum cluster size of damage to rectal surface...

..We also investigated the differences in the dose-response characteristics using the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) definition vs. an alternative biochemical failure definition...

..In this paper, we report the development of one such intermediate method that takes into account anatomic changes by deforming the intensity distributions of each beam based on deformations of anatomy as seen in the beam's-eye-view...

..To determine whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time predicts clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer that has been treated with combined radiation and hormone therapy...

..Because dose-volume parameters have been shown to relate to toxicity, IMRT would appear to be the favored technique for prostate cancer radiation, particularly with regard to nodal treatment...

..CT-guided alignment provided the best and most consistent dosimetric coverage. A larger planning target volume margin is needed for SV coverage when the alignment target is the prostate...

..This study analyzed the utility and limitations of the widely used Lyman-Kutcher- Burman (LKB) normal tissue complication probability model in projecting the hazards of rectal complication with high-dose RT...

..CONCLUSIONS: Men with prostate cancer who are 60 years or younger and treated with radiotherapy may be at significant risk for long-term biochemical failure...

..Therefore, an empty rectum is warranted at the time of simulation. These results also emphasize the need for image-guided radiotherapy to improve local control in irradiating prostate cancer...

....

..Patients are at slight but persistent risk for biochemical failure more than 5 years after treatment. Hazard rate calculations beyond the median followup of 4 years can underestimate the true hazard...

..These issues were investigated in a cohort of men with Stage T1-T3 prostate cancer who were randomized to receive between 70 Gy and 78 Gy and were prospectively biopsied at about 2 years after the completion of radiotherapy (RT)...

..There is a steep dose response in PSA control probability around a modern dose of 78 Gy. A 5-Gy dose increase beyond 78 Gy may improve PSA control by about 10%...

..The use of a reference image is important to improve the consistency among different users in this technique...

..Relatively large planning target volume margins in the AP and SI dimensions may be necessary to overcome this...

..Although the accuracy of the BAT was not addressed in this investigation, we found a significant percentage of large shifts being made from the initial alignment position...

..The application of a universal PSA definition of tumor recurrence across multiple treatment modalities should also be explored...

..CONCLUSION: PPPB was a predictor of post-external beam radiotherapy PSA outcome in clinically localized prostate cancer; but in this cohort it did not provide additional information beyond the traditional risk stratification schema...

..To quantify the three-dimensional variations of pelvic anatomy after a single treatment fraction...

....

..Improvement in prostate imaging and multiple core biopsies may be helpful in better defining the extent of disease in the individual patient...

..Therefore, dose escalation may be safely achieved by adherence to dose-volume histogram constraints during treatment planning and organ localization at the time of treatment to ensure consistent patient setup...

..This information is useful in determining the dose to critical structures and in evaluating the risk of associated carcinogenesis...

..To assess long-term prostate-specific antigen (PSA) outcome after permanent prostate brachytherapy (BT) and identify predictors of improved disease-free survival...

..The entire etiology of radiation- induced erectile dysfunction remains unclear and further research is needed...

..9 ng/ml at presentation are at increased risk for recurrence after adjuvant RT...

....

..The current study sought to determine whether obesity was an independent predictor of biochemical failure (BF) and clinical recurrence (CF) among patients treated with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT)...

..To determine the value of a 2-year post-radiotherapy (RT) prostate biopsy for predicting eventual biochemical failure in patients who were treated for localized prostate cancer...

..The PSA bounce phenomenon was not predictive of time to biochemical recurrence...

..To determine whether nadir prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels within 12 months (nadir PSA12) after completion of radiotherapy (RT) can be used as an early marker of recurrence risk...

..Comparing the results 2 and 3 years after radiotherapy, the symptoms of rectal bleeding had improved, erectile function had decreased, and urinary urge incontinence had increased...

..This study is aimed at understanding and defining the current patterns of care with respect to prostate brachytherapy for patients with intermediate-risk localized disease in the combined academic and community setting...

..To characterize the amount of activity required to treat the prostate with stranded (125)I radioactive seeds and compare our stranded data with the amount of activity recommended when individual seeds are implanted using a Mick applicator...

..We examined whether the Prostogram accurately predicted recurrence at 5 years in patients treated with (125)I brachytherapy at 1 tertiary cancer center...

..This work examines the uncertainty in absolute risk estimates and in the ratio of risk estimates between different treatment modalities...

....

..To determine the dosimetric impact of interfraction anatomic movements in prostate cancer patients receiving proton therapy...

....

..The authors of this report investigated the clinical outcome of patients who had prostate ductal adenocarcinoma after primary radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy...

....

..Monotherapy with radical prostatectomy, high dose external beam radiotherapy or a (125)I implant is reported to produce equivalent outcomes. We assessed the health related quality of life associated with these 3 treatment approaches...

..We analyzed whether first-year prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics and minima are predictive of overall survival (OS)...

..We assessed the effect of using an alternative failure definition on the dose-response characteristics of high-risk prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy alone...

..An alternative position for a surrogate urethra accounting for the difference in the location of the Foley catheter near the base of the prostate at Day 0 and 1 month could be considered in future studies...

..Aggressive histologic subtypes were predictive of this endpoint. Clinical T classification, Gleason score, and initial prostate-specific antigen levels also may have predictive value...

....

....

..Perhaps this risk should be considered when choosing the optimal treatment technique and delivery system for patients who will undergo prostate radiation...

....

..A randomized radiotherapy dose escalation trial was undertaken between 1993 and 1998 to compare the efficacy of 70 vs. 78 Gy in controlling prostate cancer...

..The results with long-term ADT are much more convincing than short-term ADT, and, as a consequence, 2 to 3 years are recommended...

..Improved screening and early detection may improve disease-free survival in Hispanic men with localized prostate cancer...

..Intrafraction motion was much smaller than interfraction motion, and the two types of movement did not correlate...

..Clinics may find it worthwhile to commit the minimal extra time for quality assurance and treatment to benefit from the improved dose distribution and lack of interplay between MLC leaf motion and internal target motion...

..g., moderate underdosing of large volumes vs. extreme underdosing of small volumes)...

..The goal of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the performance of the algorithm in typical clinical applications...

....

..Together, these results suggest that the accelerated demons algorithm has significant potential for delineating and tracking doses in targets and critical structures during CT-guided radiotherapy...

..610 to 0.944 after registration of the two patient CT sets. CONCLUSION: The algorithm had an accuracy of about 1 mm. It could be used for optimizing dose calculation and delivery for prostate radiotherapy...

..In this report we determined the sensitivity and specificity of several BF definitions using distant failure (DF) alone or clinical failure (CF), defined as local failure (LF) and/or DF...

..In the present study, we have presented and validated a plastic scintillation detector (PSD) system designed for real-time multiprobe in vivo measurements...

..Continued diligence in screening and early detection may improve prostate cancer outcome for other minority populations...

..Formal evaluation of the MPCC showed that patients were satisfied with this approach to the complex decision-making process in prostate cancer...

..In this study, a series of patients undergoing spinal surgery for metastatic prostate cancer were reviewed to identify predictors of survival and functional outcome...

..To minimize the risk of long-term urinary morbidity, it is important for clinicians to be able to distinguish acute urinary side effects after prostate brachytherapy from longer-term treatment-related urinary complications...

..To evaluate the effect of patient age on the occurrence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) "bounce" after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer...

..We developed a nomogram to predict the probability of cancer control at 6 years after SRT for PSA-defined recurrence...

..These findings suggest that overexpression of Bcl-2 result in radioresistance and inability of radiation to cause its typical G2M cell-cycle arrest...