Research Topics
| Holly L HedrickSummaryAffiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Management of prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic herniaHolly L Hedrick
University of Pennsylvania, Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 15:21-7. 2010..The increased survival and subsequent morbidity of CDH survivors has resulted in the need to provide resources for the long-term follow-up and support of the CDH population...- Management of prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic herniaHolly L Hedrick
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia Electronic address
Semin Pediatr Surg 22:37-43. 2013..The increased survival and subsequent morbidity of CDH survivors has resulted in the need to provide resources for the long-term follow up and support of the CDH population... 
The ex utero intrapartum therapy procedure for high-risk fetal lung lesionsHolly L Hedrick
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
J Pediatr Surg 40:1038-43; discussion 1044. 2005..Indications for the ex utero intrapartum therapy (EXIT) procedure have expanded to include any fetal anomaly in which resuscitation of the neonate may be compromised...- Prenatal glucocorticoids improve lung morphology and partially restores surfactant mRNA expression in lambs with diaphragmatic hernia undergoing fetal tracheal occlusionMarcus G Davey
The Children s Institute for Surgical Science and the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Pediatr Pulmonol 41:1188-96. 2006..We hypothesize that a GC-induced reduction in lung liquid volume during TO contributes, in part, to the observed increase in AE2 cell density and SPmRNA expression... - Ex utero intrapartum treatment in the management of giant cervical teratomasPablo Laje
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 47:1208-16. 2012..The purpose of this study is to present the outcome and technical details of the Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT) procedure performed in the management of the fetus with a giant cervical teratoma... - Reproductive outcomes after pregnancy complicated by maternal-fetal surgeryR Douglas Wilson
Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 191:1430-6. 2004..The uterine rupture rate is similar to the rupture rate after "classical" cesarean section (4%-9%)... - Predicting the severity of congenital high airway obstruction syndromeJessica L Roybal
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104 4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 45:1633-9. 2010..In our relatively large series of CHAOS patients, we have observed a spectrum of clinical severity. The aim of this study was to identify the prenatal characteristics of CHAOS predictive of a milder postnatal course... - Sacrococcygeal teratoma: prenatal assessment, fetal intervention, and outcomeHolly L Hedrick
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
J Pediatr Surg 39:430-8; discussion 430-8. 2004..Amnioreduction, cyst aspiration, and surgical debulking are potentially life-saving interventions... - Outcomes after postnatal resection of prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic cystic lung lesionsANTHONY Y TSAI
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 43:513-7. 2008..On the other hand, malignant degeneration, pneumonia, and pneumothorax are known consequences of cystic lung lesions. This study aims to assess the safety of resection for asymptomatic lung lesions that were diagnosed before birth... - Early neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with high-risk fetal lung lesionsEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 31:210-5. 2012.... - Fetal MRI-calculated total lung volumes in the prediction of short-term outcome in giant omphalocele: preliminary findingsEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 31:248-53. 2012..To determine the value of fetal MRI-calculated total lung volumes (TLV) in the prediction of short-term outcome in patients with giant omphalocele (GO)... - Early delivery as an alternative management strategy for selected high-risk fetal sacrococcygeal teratomasJessica L Roybal
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
J Pediatr Surg 46:1325-32. 2011..In our experience, even with aggressive serial imaging, many fetuses have died under a policy of "watchful waiting." We propose "early delivery" as the best option for selected cases of high-risk fetal SCT... - Liver position and lung-to-head ratio for prediction of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and survival in isolated left congenital diaphragmatic herniaHolly L Hedrick
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 197:422.e1-4. 2007..The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of liver position and lung-to-head ratio to predict outcome in isolated left congenital diaphragmatic hernia... - Fetal tracheal occlusion for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia in humans: a morphometric study of lung parenchyma and muscularization of pulmonary arteriolesEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 43:1767-75. 2008..The aim of this study is to examine structure of lung parenchyma (Pp) and muscularization of pulmonary arterioles (PAs) in human fetuses that underwent tracheal occlusion (TO) therapy for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)... - Prenatal glucocorticoids and exogenous surfactant therapy improve respiratory function in lambs with severe diaphragmatic hernia following fetal tracheal occlusionMarcus G Davey
The Children s Institute for Surgical Science and the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Pediatr Res 60:131-5. 2006..GC or surfactant therapy alone significantly improved respiratory gas exchange, Cl, and ventilatory efficiency index. Total lung capacity was normalized only in DH/TO lambs that received both GC and S... - Prenatal course and postnatal management of peripheral bronchial atresia: association with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lungWilliam H Peranteau
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 24:190-6. 2008.... - Impact of continuous intraoperative monitoring on outcomes in open fetal surgerySundeep G Keswani
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment and Fetal Heart Program at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 20:316-20. 2005..CONCLUSION: Continuous intraoperative fetal monitoring provides real time assessment of fetal hemodynamics which results in changes in intraoperative management. The overall outcomes in these critically ill fetuses have been improved... - Acute cardiovascular effects of fetal surgery in the humanJack Rychik
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment and the Fetal Heart Program, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th St and Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Circulation 110:1549-56. 2004..The indications for fetal surgery continue to expand, yet little is known about the acute sequelae of fetal surgery on the human cardiovascular system... - Chorioamniotic membrane separation following open fetal surgery: pregnancy outcomeR Douglas Wilson
Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 18:314-20. 2003..3) Delivery prior to 33 weeks gestation for MMC groups was 12/43 (28%) with 3 NND (7%). (4) Elective delivery at 36-37 weeks gestation was possible for 43% of the fetal surgery population... - Use of magnetic resonance imaging in prenatal prognosis of the fetus with isolated left congenital diaphragmatic herniaTeresa Victoria
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
Prenat Diagn 32:715-23. 2012.... - Main bronchus occlusion for treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in fetal lambsJean Marc Biard
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at the Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
J Pediatr Surg 43:620-6. 2008.... - Right congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Prenatal assessment and outcomeHolly L Hedrick
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
J Pediatr Surg 39:319-23; discussion 319-23. 2004.... - Prenatal ultrasonographic gastrointestinal abnormalities in fetuses with gastroschisis do not correlate with postnatal outcomesAndrea T Badillo
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 43:647-53. 2008..The purpose of this study was to correlate prenatal identification of additional gastrointestinal sonographic abnormalities with postnatal clinical outcome... - Severe pulmonary hypoplasia associated with giant cervical teratomasKenneth W Liechty
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 41:230-3. 2006..Despite obtaining airway control, a subset of these patients will die because of pulmonary hypoplasia. When counseling patients with large cervical masses it is important to discuss potential pulmonary hypoplasia in these patients... - Pulmonary arteriole muscularization in lambs with diaphragmatic hernia after combined tracheal occlusion/glucocorticoid therapyMarcus Davey
Center of Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 197:381.e1-7. 2007.... - Reproductive outcomes in subsequent pregnancies after a pregnancy complicated by open maternal-fetal surgery (1996-2007)R Douglas Wilson
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 203:209.e1-6. 2010..The reproductive and gynecologic outcomes for women after the pregnancy complicated by open maternal-fetal surgery (OMFS) were evaluated... - Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome: MR/US findings, effect on management, and outcomeAndrew Mong
Department of Radiology, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Pediatr Radiol 38:1171-9. 2008..Prompt airway intervention at delivery after accurate prenatal diagnosis may allow survival of this otherwise fatal condition... - Surfactant protein expression is increased in the ipsilateral but not contralateral lungs of fetal sheep with left-sided diaphragmatic herniaMarcus G Davey
Children s Institute for Surgical Science and Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson 1112 D, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Pediatr Pulmonol 39:359-67. 2005..Furthermore, AE2 cell density is increased in DH, suggesting that the increase in SP mRNA and protein levels is due to increases AE2 cell number. Our data further support the premise that fetal lung hypoplasia favors an AE2 phenotype... - Prospective, interdisciplinary follow-up of children with prenatally diagnosed giant omphalocele: short-term neurodevelopmental outcomeEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
J Pediatr Surg 45:718-23. 2010..The objective of this study is to determine the short-term neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with giant omphalocele (GO)... - Thoracoamniotic shunts: fetal treatment of pleural effusions and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformationsR Douglas Wilson
Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at the Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 19:413-20. 2004.... - Fetal myelomeningocele repair: short-term clinical outcomesMark P Johnson
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadephia, PA 19104, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 189:482-7. 2003..The study was undertaken to evaluate short-term clinical outcomes with antenatal myelomeningocele (MMC) repair... - Diagnosis and characterization of fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma with prenatal MRIEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
AJR Am J Roentgenol 187:W350-6. 2006..The additional anatomic resolution provided by MRI resulted in more accurate prenatal counseling and improved preoperative planning for surgical resection... - Effect of maternal betamethasone administration on prenatal congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation growth and fetal survivalWilliam H Peranteau
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 22:365-71. 2007..To evaluate the effect of prenatal steroid treatment on the growth of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAM) and survival in affected fetuses not amenable to other percutaneous ultrasound-guided prenatal interventions... - Postnatal chest wall deformities after fetal thoracoamniotic shunting for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformationAziz M Merchant
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Surgery and Obstetrics Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 22:435-9. 2007..Large macrocystic congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAMs) can be treated with thoracoamniotic (TA) shunting to reduce CCAM volume. Two CCAM fetuses treated with TA shunt had postnatal radiographic rib deformities... - Abnormal brain development and maturation on magnetic resonance imaging in survivors of severe congenital diaphragmatic herniaEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 47:453-61. 2012..The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of abnormal brain maturation in survivors of severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)... - Prenatal diagnosis and management of mainstem bronchial atresiaSundeep G Keswani
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Chhildren's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 20:74-8. 2005..Post-mortem findings in both cases confirmed the presence of an atretic mainstem bronchus with massive enlargement of the lung. Bronchial atresia involving the mainstem bronchus is associated with a poor prognosis... - History of fetal diagnosis and therapy: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia experienceHolly L Hedrick
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 18:65-82. 2003..Outcomes have been improved through carefully planned and coordinated perinatal management. In some cases of life-threatening or severely debilitating defects, prenatal surgery has been offered... - Does a myelomeningocele sac compared to no sac result in decreased postnatal leg function following maternal fetal surgery for spina bifida aperta?R Douglas Wilson
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 22:348-51. 2007..A fetus with large sac S1 myelomeningocele (MMC) but bilateral talipes prompted the question, 'Does the presence or size of an MMC sac affect postnatal leg function?'.. - Management of fetal mediastinal teratomaAziz M Merchant
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 40:228-31. 2005..CONCLUSIONS: Massive fetal mediastinal teratoma can result in fetal or neonatal mortality by a variety of mechanisms. Optimal prenatal and perinatal management is required to salvage fetuses compromised by this lesion... - Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome: natural history and managementFoong-Yen Lim
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 38:940-5. 2003..The EXIT procedure offers the potential for salvage of this otherwise lethal condition. Hydrops may be well tolerated prenatally for weeks with potential resolution if airway fistulization is present... - Preschool neurological assessment in congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors: Outcome and perinatal factors associated with neurodevelopmental impairmentEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Early Hum Dev 89:393-400. 2013..To evaluate the preschool neurodevelopmental outcome in CDH survivors between 2 and 5years of age and to identify perinatal and postnatal factors that may be predictive of persistent neurological deficits... - Prenatally diagnosed fetal lung lesions with associated conotruncal heart defects: is there a genetic association?Margaret R Hüsler
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at the Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104 4399, USA
Prenat Diagn 27:1123-8. 2007..Congenital lung malformation can easily be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound. Associated extrapulmonary malformations such as heart defects and chromosomal aberrations are rare... - Ex utero intrapartum therapyHolly L Hedrick
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Semin Pediatr Surg 12:190-5. 2003.... - The natural history of prenatally diagnosed conjoined twinsTippi C MacKenzie
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
J Pediatr Surg 37:303-9. 2002..CONCLUSIONS: Advances in prenatal diagnosis allow detailed, accurate evaluations of conjoined twins. Careful prenatal studies may uncover cases in which emergent separation at birth is lifesaving... - Pregnancy outcomes following bipolar umbilical cord cauterization for selective termination in complicated monochorionic multiple gestationsJohn G Ilagan
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at the Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 23:153-8. 2008..To review pregnancy and childhood outcomes following selective termination by ultrasound guided bipolar umbilical cord cauterization (UCC) in complicated monochorionic multifetal pregnancies... - Cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung: review of genetics, prenatal diagnosis, and in utero treatmentR Douglas Wilson
Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 4399, USA
Am J Med Genet A 140:151-5. 2006..In the appropriate situation, this maternal fetal surgery approach for CCAM is life-saving for the affected fetus with acceptable maternal morbidity risks in the present and future pregnancies... - Long-term outcomes in children treated by prenatal vesicoamniotic shunting for lower urinary tract obstructionJean-Marc Biard
Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4399, USA
Obstet Gynecol 106:503-8. 2005..Although one third of the surviving babies required dialysis and transplantation, the majority have acceptable renal and bladder function and report satisfactory quality of life. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III... - Assessment of early pulmonary function abnormalities in giant omphalocele survivorsEnrico Danzer
Department of Surgery, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 47:1811-20. 2012.... - Hepaticoduodenostomy vs hepaticojejunostomy for reconstruction after resection of choledochal cystMatthew T Santore
The Department of Surgery, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 46:209-13. 2011..Hepaticoduodenostomy (HD) has been argued to be more physiologically and technically easier but is feared to have associated complications. Here we compare outcomes of the 2 procedures... - Tracheal occlusion in fetal rats alters expression of mesenchymal nuclear transcription factors without affecting surfactant protein expressionEnrico Danzer
The Children's Institute for Surgical Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 41:774-80. 2006..Thyroid transcription factor 1 and Hoxb5 are down-regulated by TO, suggesting that duration and timing of occlusion are important in balancing the effects of TO on lung growth vs lung maturation... - Temporary tracheal occlusion in fetal sheep with lung hypoplasia does not improve postnatal lung functionMarcus G Davey
Children s Institute for Surgical Science and Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 4399, USA
J Appl Physiol 94:1054-62. 2003..Lung compliance remained low in DH/TO+R lambs, most likely as a consequence of the persistent increase in alveolar wall thickness in these animals... - Effect of preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation ventilation days and age on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survival in critically ill childrenMichael L Nance
Department of Surgery, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 44:1606-10. 2009..The aim of the study is to test the effect of age and preextracorporeal membrane oxygenation (pre-ECMO) days of ventilation on ECMO survival in the pediatric population... - Neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia prospectively enrolled in an interdisciplinary follow-up programEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 4318, USA
J Pediatr Surg 45:1759-66. 2010..The purpose of the study was to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)... - Patch repair for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: is it really a problem?Jacqueline Tsai
The Department of Surgery, and the Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
J Pediatr Surg 47:637-41. 2012..Although high rates of recurrence and other morbidities have been previously reported, our favorable perception of patch repair prompted this review... - Neurodevelopmental and neurofunctional outcomes in children with congenital diaphragmatic herniaEnrico Danzer
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 1910, USA
Early Hum Dev 87:625-32. 2011.... - Gastroschisis: growth patterns and a proposed prenatal surveillance protocolDenise A Netta
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Fetal Diagn Ther 22:352-7. 2007..The growth assessment could be available as a prospective tool to direct an antepartum fetal surveillance protocol... - Prenatally diagnosed giant omphaloceles: short- and long-term outcomesJean-Marc Biard
The Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104-4399, USA
Prenat Diagn 24:434-9. 2004..Parents need to be counseled prenatally about the probability of multiple surgeries and long hospitalization following birth...