D Dwayne Simpson

..In this introduction to the special issue, the guest editors describe a conceptual framework of organizational dynamics, offer an overview of the articles within this issue, and discuss future prospects for research...

..These tools and research strategies also hold promise for use within the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Practice-Based Research Networks, as well as other systems of oral health care delivery...

..Long-term (5-year) outcomes of community treatment for cocaine dependence were examined in relation to problem severity at treatment entry and treatment exposure throughout the follow-up period...

..A better conceptual understanding of the process of program change and common barriers that may be encountered is needed for effectively transferring research to practice...

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..The findings indicate that focusing on constructive solutions is the preferred counseling approach...

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..Most important was evidence that innovation adoption based on training for improving treatment engagement was significantly related to client self-reports of improved treatment participation and rapport recorded several months later...

..A conceptual model is used to help organize and summarize longitudinal results within the organizational context and according to implementation influences related to qualities of the innovations...

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..Other predictors that approached significance and deserve further study include marital status, number of children in treatment, child welfare involvement, cocaine use, and psychological depression...

..The results supported both models and emphasize the importance of considering social influences and related community contextual factors that affect recovery dynamics...

..This article addresses some of the issues relating to the assessment of treatment outcomes for the drug-abusing offender and provides several recommendations for future research...

..Females were more likely to seek further help for both drug misuse and psychological problems subsequent to discharge...

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..Further analyses addressed differential effects of group versus individual counseling and showed that group session attendance was associated with higher rates of drug-negative urines...

..This study examined the impact of residential aftercare on recidivism following prison-based treatment for drug-involved offenders...

..Reduction of sex and needle risks in both the OMT and ODF modalities indicates the importance of outpatient drug abuse treatment to national HIV prevention policy...

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..Counselors also made more medical referrals and reported having better rapport with females. Attention to employment issues and HIV/AIDS sexual-risk behaviors did not differ by gender, even though women had more needs in these areas...

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..Longer retention has been the most consistent predictor of favorable drug abuse treatment outcomes, but key therapeutic and patient engagement indicators of treatment process need to be more clearly established...

..These factors represent important considerations for reducing drug use during treatment...

..More information is available on the Internet at www.ibr.tcu.edu...

..These retrospective attributions affirm many of the same findings from prospective outcome studies and contribute to a conceptual framework for treatment process and recovery...

..Low moderate to high moderate effect sizes were observed in analyses of the index's discrimination...

..Expectations about future drug use were found to be a useful measure of cognitive change corresponding to drug use change. Its potential as a brief treatment management tool is noted...

..Primary resource-related and procedural barriers cited by the counselors included lack of time and redundancy with existing practices...

..These findings help establish the importance of addressing organizational factors as part of an overall strategy for improving treatment effectiveness...

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..However, treatment engagement level was found to mediate during-treatment improvement and initial criminal thinking...

..Furthermore, organizations with greater staff consensus (i.e., smaller standard deviations) on ratings of organizational climate were also more likely to engage in change...

..Prediction analyses were conducted using selected scales from each measurement domain to illustrate their sensitivity to treatment program contexts...

..These findings add further evidence that treatment providers should also address the workplace environment for staff as part of quality improvement efforts...

..A comprehensive system of TCU assessments and interventions for client and program-level needs and functioning are summarized as well, with descriptions and guidelines for applications in practical settings...

..Both interventions were associated with positive treatment response but the effects were reflected in different behavioral outcomes...

..To examine organizational structural attributes associated with counselor-client contact...

..Counselor categorizations also differed in terms of workshop training experiences, with the isolated group of counselors reporting significantly less exposure, satisfaction, and program-wide use of workshop training...

..The findings suggest that sexual abuse history alone cannot predict treatment outcomes for women in methadone treatment. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of treatment process and services...

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..Results are discussed in terms of the need for adequate assessment of abuse history at intake and the need for targeted outcome studies to better define the impact of past abuse on treatment participation and outcome...

..Overall, these results indicate the ORC can contribute to the study of organizational change and technology transfer by identifying functional barriers involved...

..Overall, patients' social support networks following treatment were more important factors than the pre- or during-treatment variables examined...

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..The current proposal addresses both of these highly significant issues. ..