G T Fosgate

..The objectives of the present article are to briefly discuss the statistical theory behind sample size calculations and provide practical tools and instruction for their calculation...

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..There were 21 nonspecific PCR amplifications for CSFV, and 1 was classified as positive. Specificity (95% confidence interval) was estimated as 99.9% (99.5, 100). These assays have high Sp, but nonspecific PCR amplifications can occur...

..63); 0.35-0.499 PI, 3.22 (1.39-6.84); 0.50-0.749 PI, 17.9 (6.39-77.4); > or =0.75 PI, 423 (129-infinity). LRs are important for calculation of post-test probabilities and maintaining the quantitative nature of diagnostic test results...

..0 cutoff were 0.55 (0.33, 0.77) and 0.91 (0.87, 0.95), respectively. An immunity ratio could be used to diagnosis paratuberculosis in beef cattle but requires further investigation...

..The estimated rate of ear-tag loss was 0.0024 ear-tags lost per day. The use of ear-tags alone might not be sufficient for long-term identification of extensively managed animal populations...

..This algorithm resulted in sample sizes that achieved the appropriate confidence interval width even in situations when normal approximation methods performed poorly...

..21). Isolates from four vaccinates and one control were confirmed as B. abortus biovar 1...

..0-86), having more than 4 neighbors with cattle (OR = 17, 95% CI = 1.6-178), same producer owning more than one farm (OR = 7.2, 95% CI = 1.6-32), and use of government services to apply amitraz on cattle (OR = 5.5, 95% CI = 1.5-20)...

..Reasons for the apparent difference in opinions need to be understood to increase the likelihood of control measures adoption and to subsequently reduce the impact of JD on beef cattle operations...

..To evaluate the effect of exposure to environmental mycobacteria on results of 2 commercial ELISAs for paratuberculosis in cattle...

..To evaluate the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis by use of 2 commercial ELISAs in association with prevalence of fecal shedding of mycobacteria within beef cattle herds...

..The reliability and validity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting neoplastic, inflammatory, and cerebrovascular brain lesions in dogs are unknown...

..Alternative strategies may be more effective for reducing the odds of seropositivity...

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..Difference of JD seropositivity was observed among the three sample populations suggesting that estimation of disease prevalence is dependant upon the source of samples...

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..To determine complications and neurologic outcomes associated with dexamethasone administration to dogs with surgically treated thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation, compared with dogs not receiving dexamethasone...

..2-138), use of 11% permethrin (OR = 17, 95% CI = 2.2-129), farmers who attended an acaricide certification program (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.04-0.74), and lack of a fly control program (OR = 5.6, 95% CI = 1.3-24)...

..Release of myelin basic protein (MBP) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is associated with active demyelination and correlates with outcome in various neurological diseases...

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..The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) are not well documented...

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..The results of this study demonstrate that population substructure can be used to describe familial aggregation of paratuberculosis test results in beef cattle of unknown pedigree...

..The addition of a pen only did not improve response proportion. These findings support the use of $1 bill but not a pen alone as an effective incentive to increase response proportions to a postal questionnaire...

..Peroneal nerve blocks cause focal skeletal muscle uptake of 99mTc-HDP on bone phase scintigraphy. This occurs in approximately 50% of blocked limbs and can mimic a tibial lesion on the lateral view in approximately 20% of blocked limbs...

..A cutoff value of 35% inhibition for the c-ELISA was found to be most appropriate for confirmation of Brucella infection in cattle and water buffalo...

..Spondylosis in radiographs of dogs with suspected type I disk disease is not clinically important. Spatial associations among sites of spondylosis and sites of IVDD may be coincidental or associated with vertebral column biomechanics...

..CT should be considered especially in heavier, more chronically affected dogs. The major limitations of this study include lack of randomization to imaging modality and the use of surgical exploration or necropsy as the gold standard...

..No MR features were identified that reliably distinguished between these two tumor types. Contrast enhancement was more common in high-grade tumors (III or IV) than low-grade tumors (II, P=0.008)...

..To compare the accuracy of radiography and computed tomography (CT) in predicting implant position in relation to the vertebral canal in the cervical and thoracolumbar vertebral column...

..To determine the success of medical management of presumptive thoracolumbar disk herniation in dogs and the variables associated with treatment outcome...

..Exposure rates to these mycobacteria likely vary across small geographical areas and may be related to soil and/or water physicochemistry...

..However, genetic selection may have minimal effect on paratuberculosis control in herds with exposure to non-MAP Mycobacterium spp...

..To determine the success of medical management of presumptive cervical disk herniation in dogs and variables associated with treatment outcome...

..Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a correlate to physical examination in various myelopathies and a predictor of functional outcome...

..Congenital PSS should be considered in mature dogs, particularly miniature schnauzers, that are presented with signs potentially consistent with hepatic encephalopathy...

..To identify predictors of veterinary students and veterinarians having an interest in veterinary public health and epidemiology (PH&E)...

..Sensitivity and specificity of more than 2 screening tests can be estimated simultaneously without a gold standard by use of Bayesian techniques...

..The quality of histopathology slides of endoscopic biopsies from different laboratories varies, but the effect of biopsy quality on outcome is unknown...

..To characterise dogs with meningomyelitis and to compare signalment, body temperature and vaccination status to a representative control group...

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..To determine whether West Nile virus (WNV) disease hyperendemic foci (hot spots) exist within the horse population in Texas and, if detected, to identify the locations...

..To estimate associations between dietary factors and pancreatitis in dogs. Design-Retrospective case-control study...

..cerebralis infections are unknown, but are under investigation as part of a long-term project to determine the basis for resistance and susceptibility of salmonid fishes to whirling disease...

..2%) and 23 (6.8%) were positive in the 96- and 384-well assays, respectively. The data presented herein supports the utility of the 384-well format in the event of an avian influenza outbreak for high-throughput real-time RT-PCR testing...

..To compare the effectiveness of 3 treatment regimens for small ruminants with caseous lymphadenitis...

..piliforme infection in horses. High-risk foals can be closely monitored to aid in early diagnosis and treatment, resulting in the best possible clinical outcome for affected individuals...

..Public health programs in California should focus on educating Hispanic populations about the risk of consuming dairy products, such as soft cheeses, made from unpasteurized milk...