GARY FOSTER

..This pilot study assessed the short- and long-term effects of a modified cognitive behavioral treatment designed to facilitate obese patients' acceptance of a 5% to 10% reduction in initial weight...

..Other outcomes include components of CVD risk, cost and cost-effectiveness, diabetes control and complications, hospitalizations, intervention processes, and quality of life...

..Accurate measures of diet and activity are critical in understanding how these lifestyle and behavioral factors covary to affect health status...

..These studies should take into consideration that patients with insulin resistance syndromes would be the most likely group to benefit from carbohydrate restriction...

..Despite the popularity of the low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat (Atkins) diet, no randomized, controlled trials have evaluated its efficacy...

..To assess the risk factors for the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among obese patients with type 2 diabetes...

..The lifestyle intervention was clinically effective in all subsets of an ethnically and demographically diverse population...

..Previous studies comparing low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets have not included a comprehensive behavioral treatment, resulting in suboptimal weight loss...

..The prevalence and seriousness of childhood obesity has prompted calls for broad public health solutions that reach beyond clinic settings. Schools are ideal settings for population-based interventions to address obesity...

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..There are no data, however, on what children purchase in these environments before and after school. The purpose of this study was to document the nature of children's purchases in corner stores proximal to their schools...

..The belief that weight loss improves obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has limited empirical support. The purpose of this 4-center study was to assess the effects of weight loss on OSA over a 1-year period...

..Future research might focus more on determining how these behavioral techniques can be best applied in a real-world setting...

..Some investigators fear that dieting may precipitate binge eating and other adverse behavioral consequences...

..To determine the relationship between relative weight and school attendance among elementary schoolchildren...

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..To examine changes in obesity-related attitudes in a sample of obese women who participated in either dieting or non-dieting interventions...

..Practitioners are realistic about treatment outcomes but view obesity treatment as less effective than treatment of most other chronic conditions...

..Current evidence suggests that laparoscopic adjusted gastric banding should be avoided in these patients as the impact on gastroesophageal reflux disease appears unfavorable...

..Results are discussed in terms of the origins, clinical significance, and potential malleability of obese individuals' weight loss expectations...

..This consistent literature suggests nuts may be included in the diet, in moderation, to enhance palatability and nutrient quality without posing a threat for weight gain...

..Analyses examined the relationship that demographic characteristics, disease burden, and cardiovascular fitness had with HRQL: the Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) II...

..Analyses revealed that only self-esteem, adult teasing, and ISAS predicted BID. Results highlight the importance of adulthood self-esteem and interpersonal-cultural context--rather than childhood experiences--in predicting adulthood BID...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that volumetric MRI is a powerful tool to study anatomic changes in the upper airway and surrounding soft-tissue structures and is sensitive enough to detect changes in these structures...

..The authors call not for the adoption of a specific policy initiative, but instead propose that policy research, based on viewing obesity as a public health problem, become a central focus of research...

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..The effects of each dietary approach on changes in: 1) weight and body composition; 2) metabolic and organ function; and 3) exercise tolerance will be evaluated. ..

..The results of this study will provide an empirical basis for making recommendations about the effectiveness of weight loss in Type 2 diabetics with OSA. ..