Gary D Foster

..Increased consumption of nuts has been advocated because of their health benefits, but the role of nuts in the treatment of obesity is unclear given their high energy density...

..Clinic-based treatments of childhood obesity are effective but typically have limited reach and are costly. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a scalable weight management program for children and teenagers...

..The prevalence and seriousness of childhood obesity has prompted calls for broad public health solutions that reach beyond clinic settings. Schools are ideal settings for population-based interventions to address obesity...

..To assess the risk factors for the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among obese patients with type 2 diabetes...

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..The belief that weight loss improves obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has limited empirical support. The purpose of this 4-center study was to assess the effects of weight loss on OSA over a 1-year period...

..Previous studies comparing low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets have not included a comprehensive behavioral treatment, resulting in suboptimal weight loss...

..Messages that link guideline recommended weight gain to optimal infant outcomes and mothers' physical symptoms may be most effective for weight control...

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..Despite the popularity of the low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat (Atkins) diet, no randomized, controlled trials have evaluated its efficacy...

..Accurate measures of diet and activity are critical in understanding how these lifestyle and behavioral factors covary to affect health status...

..Factors influencing excessive weight gain in pregnancy have not been well-studied among urban, low-income women...

..These studies should take into consideration that patients with insulin resistance syndromes would be the most likely group to benefit from carbohydrate restriction...

..There are no data, however, on what children purchase in these environments before and after school. The purpose of this study was to document the nature of children's purchases in corner stores proximal to their schools...

..The lifestyle intervention was clinically effective in all subsets of an ethnically and demographically diverse population...

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..Low GI meals produced the smallest postprandial increases in glucose and insulin. There were no effects for GI, protein, or their interaction on appetite or energy intake 4 h after breakfast...

..The present findings support the efficacy of combined naltrexone/bupropion therapy as an adjunct to intensive BMOD for obesity...

..To examine changes in obesity-related attitudes in a sample of obese women who participated in either dieting or non-dieting interventions...

..Some investigators fear that dieting may precipitate binge eating and other adverse behavioral consequences...

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..To determine the relationship between relative weight and school attendance among elementary schoolchildren...

..Concerns exist about deleterious renal effects of low-carbohydrate high-protein weight loss diets. This issue was addressed in a secondary analysis of a parallel randomized, controlled long-term trial...

..Future research might focus more on determining how these behavioral techniques can be best applied in a real-world setting...

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..Practitioners are realistic about treatment outcomes but view obesity treatment as less effective than treatment of most other chronic conditions...

..BMI correlated positively with TF-PCA, FVII:C, and PAI-1. Childhood obesity is associated with a procoagulant state and endothelial dysfunction. Studies are needed to assess whether weight reduction reverses these abnormalities...

..Conclusion: There was no significant improvement in endothelial function after 7.1% ± 7.8% weight loss at 1 year and 4.1% ± 7.7% at 2 years, achieved by either a low carbohydrate or a low fat diet...

..Current evidence suggests that laparoscopic adjusted gastric banding should be avoided in these patients as the impact on gastroesophageal reflux disease appears unfavorable...

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..Results are discussed in terms of the origins, clinical significance, and potential malleability of obese individuals' weight loss expectations...

..This consistent literature suggests nuts may be included in the diet, in moderation, to enhance palatability and nutrient quality without posing a threat for weight gain...

..This pilot study assessed the short- and long-term effects of a modified cognitive behavioral treatment designed to facilitate obese patients' acceptance of a 5% to 10% reduction in initial weight...

..Other outcomes include components of CVD risk, cost and cost-effectiveness, diabetes control and complications, hospitalizations, intervention processes, and quality of life...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that volumetric MRI is a powerful tool to study anatomic changes in the upper airway and surrounding soft-tissue structures and is sensitive enough to detect changes in these structures...

..Analyses revealed that only self-esteem, adult teasing, and ISAS predicted BID. Results highlight the importance of adulthood self-esteem and interpersonal-cultural context--rather than childhood experiences--in predicting adulthood BID...

..Analyses examined the relationship that demographic characteristics, disease burden, and cardiovascular fitness had with HRQL: the Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) II...

..The authors call not for the adoption of a specific policy initiative, but instead propose that policy research, based on viewing obesity as a public health problem, become a central focus of research...