Research Topics
| BRIAN D KNUTSONSummaryAffiliation: Stanford University Country: USA Publications
Research Grants
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Detail Information
Publications
Gain and loss learning differentially contribute to life financial outcomesBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
PLoS ONE 6:e24390. 2011..These findings support the notion that different gain and loss learning systems may exert a cumulative influence on distinct life financial outcomes...- Anticipatory affect: neural correlates and consequences for choiceBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, Jordan Hall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 363:3771-86. 2008..Together, these findings support a neurally plausible framework for understanding how anticipatory affect can influence choice... 
Neural antecedents of the endowment effectBrian Knutson
Psychology and Neuroscience, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuron 58:814-22. 2008..These findings are consistent with a reference-dependent account in which ownership increases value by enhancing the salience of the possible loss of preferred products...- Nucleus accumbens activation mediates the influence of reward cues on financial risk takingBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuroreport 19:509-13. 2008.... - Neural responses to monetary incentives in major depressionBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
Biol Psychiatry 63:686-92. 2008..In the present study, we compared neural correlates of monetary incentive processing in unmedicated depressed participants and never-depressed control subjects... 
Neural antecedents of financial decisionsBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
J Neurosci 27:8174-7. 2007..These findings have implications for predicting choices and for building a physiologically constrained theory of decision-making...- Splitting the difference: how does the brain code reward episodes?Brian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1104:54-69. 2007..In addition to offering a more comprehensive and anatomically situated view of reward processing, split error terms generate novel predictions about psychiatric symptoms and lesion-induced deficits... - Linking nucleus accumbens dopamine and blood oxygenationBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Building 420, Jordan Hall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 191:813-22. 2007..However, the physiological relationship between dopamine release and BOLD signal increases in the NAcc has not yet been established... - Ultrasonic vocalizations as indices of affective states in ratsBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
Psychol Bull 128:961-77. 2002..This hypothesis has theoretical implications for understanding the brain circuitry underlying mammalian affective states and clinical applicability for modeling hedonic properties of different psychotropic compounds... - Amphetamine modulates human incentive processingBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Neuron 43:261-9. 2004..These findings suggest that therapeutic effects of amphetamine on incentive processing may involve reducing the difference between anticipation of gains and losses... - Distributed neural representation of expected valueBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
J Neurosci 25:4806-12. 2005.... - Functional magnetic resonance imaging of reward predictionBrian Knutson
Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
Curr Opin Neurol 18:411-7. 2005.... - A region of mesial prefrontal cortex tracks monetarily rewarding outcomes: characterization with rapid event-related fMRIBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Building 420, Jordan Hall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 2130, USA
Neuroimage 18:263-72. 2003..00 win, MPFC activity decreased, relative to outcomes with no incentive value. These findings suggest that in the context of processing monetary rewards, a region of the MPFC preferentially tracks rewarding outcomes... - Behavior. Sweet revenge?Brian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Science 305:1246-7. 2004 - Neural predictors of purchasesBrian Knutson
Psychology and Neuroscience, Stanford University, Building 420, Jordan Hall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuron 53:147-56. 2007..These findings suggest that activation of distinct neural circuits related to anticipatory affect precedes and supports consumers' purchasing decisions... - Ventral striatal hyporesponsiveness during reward anticipation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderAnouk Scheres
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Biol Psychiatry 61:720-4. 2007..Although abnormalities in reward processing have been proposed to underlie attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), this link has not been tested explicitly with neural probes... - Remembrance of rewards pastBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuron 45:331-2. 2005..We propose that their findings introduce a novel mechanism by which positive arousal induced by reward anticipation may promote memory... - Saving for the future self: neural measures of future self-continuity predict temporal discountingHal Ersner-Hershfield
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 4:85-92. 2009..In addition to supporting the future self-continuity hypothesis, these findings hold implications for significant financial decisions, such as choosing whether to save for the future or spend in the present... - Dissociable neural representations of future reward magnitude and delay during temporal discountingKacey Ballard
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Neuroimage 45:143-50. 2009.... - Available alternative incentives modulate anticipatory nucleus accumbens activationJeffrey C Cooper
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Jordan Hall, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 4:409-16. 2009..These findings imply that NAcc activation represents anticipated incentive value relative to the current context of available alternative gains and losses... - Variability in nucleus accumbens activity mediates age-related suboptimal financial risk takingGregory R Samanez-Larkin
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 2130, USA
J Neurosci 30:1426-34. 2010..This age-related effect was mediated by a neural measure of temporal variability in nucleus accumbens activity. These findings reveal a novel neural mechanism by which aging may disrupt rational financial choice... - Expected value information improves financial risk taking across the adult life spanGregory R Samanez-Larkin
Jordan Hall, Building 420, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 2130, USA
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 6:207-17. 2011.... - The neural basis of financial risk takingCamelia M Kuhnen
Stanford Graduate School of Business, 518 Memorial Way, S479, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
Neuron 47:763-70. 2005..Thus, consideration of anticipatory neural mechanisms may add predictive power to the rational actor model of economic decision making... - Individual differences in insular sensitivity during loss anticipation predict avoidance learningGregory R Samanez-Larkin
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 2130, USA
Psychol Sci 19:320-3. 2008..These findings suggest that in addition to correlating with self-reported anxiety, heightened insular sensitivity may promote learning to avoid loss... - Valence and salience contribute to nucleus accumbens activationJeffrey C Cooper
Department of Psychology, Jordan Hall, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuroimage 39:538-47. 2008..These findings suggest that NAcc activation separately represents both valence and salience, consistent with its hypothesized role in appetitive motivation... - Anticipation of monetary gain but not loss in healthy older adultsGregory R Samanez-Larkin
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Jordan Hall, Building 420, Stanford, California 94305 2130, USA
Nat Neurosci 10:787-91. 2007..These findings suggest that there is an asymmetry in the processing of gains and losses in older adults that may have implications for decision-making... - Cultural variation in affect valuationJeanne L Tsai
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
J Pers Soc Psychol 90:288-307. 2006..These findings illustrate the distinctiveness of ideal and actual affect, show that culture influences ideal affect more than actual affect, and indicate that both play a role in mental health... - The affective impact of financial skewness on neural activity and choiceCharlene C Wu
Psychology and Neuroscience, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
PLoS ONE 6:e16838. 2011..These findings support an anticipatory affect account in which statistical properties of gambles--including skewness--can influence neural activity, affective responses, and ultimately, choice... - When giving is good: ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation for others' intentionsJeffrey C Cooper
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Neuron 67:511-21. 2010..These results demonstrate that neural responses to others' generosity or selfishness depend not only on their actions but also on their perceived intentions... - Interpretable classifiers for FMRI improve prediction of purchasesLogan Grosenick
Neuroscience Institute at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 16:539-48. 2008..More broadly, this approach provides a general framework for using neuroimaging data to build interpretable models, including those that predict choice... - The lure of the unknownBrian Knutson
Department of Psychology, Stanford University
Neuron 51:280-2. 2006..These findings indicate that midbrain regions preferentially respond to novelty and suggest that novelty can serve as its own reward... - The role of brain emotional systems in addictions: a neuro-evolutionary perspective and new 'self-report' animal modelJaak Panksepp
Department of Psychology, J P Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior Bowling Green State University, OH 43403, USA
Addiction 97:459-69. 2002..We conclude by discussing some therapeutic and social implications of examining drug addiction processes with multiple emotional brain systems in mind...
Research Grants
- Anticipation of Reward and Risk Across the LifespanBrian Knutson; Fiscal Year: 2007..The findings promise to illuminate how individuals make both optimal and suboptimal financial decisions over the course of the lifespan. ..
- A neurobehavioral probe of human reward functionBrian Knutson; Fiscal Year: 2002..g., anhedonic unipolar depression), the likelihood of recovery, and efficacy of pharmacotherapeutic or psychotherapeutic interventions. ..
- Neuroscience probes of cigarette craving & consumptionBrian Knutson; Fiscal Year: 2005..Methods developed in this application may also provide a useful index of addiction and individual proclivity towards relapse. ..