R K Mulhern

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..The present study tests the hypothesis that the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) improves cognitive and social functioning among these patients...

..Further efforts to limit neurocognitive sequelae have included design of clinical trials to test the effectiveness of cognitive, behavioural, and pharmacological interventions...

..No gender effects were observed. The results of the present study further support the contention that NAWM is an important substrate for treatment-induced neurocognitive problems among survivors of malignant brain tumors of childhood...

..4 gy...

..Serial quantitative MR measures of NAWMV may provide a neuroanatomical substrate for assessing functional impact of CSI on normal brain function following treatment for medulloblastoma...

..This study sought to assess the relationship, if any, between patient outcome and M stage. Neuropsychologic and endocrine outcomes were also assessed...

..No significant side effects from MPH were observed. CONCLUSION: MPH resulted in a statistically significant improvement on measures of attention abilities that cannot be explained by placebo or practice effects...

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..To provide evidence that radiation therapy alone in the form of craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and a boost to the primary site of disease provides effective disease control and limited additional morbidity for patients with CNS germinoma...

..This hybrid neural network analysis of subtle brain volume differences with magnetic resonance may constitute a direct measure of treatment-induced brain damage...

..To evaluate cognitive and academic functioning in survivors of pediatric bone marrow transplants (BMTs) at 1 and 3 years after a BMT...

..The possibility that subtle neuropsychological deficits in younger patients with SCD reflect either subclinical strokes or a predisposition for strokes merits further investigation in a large multi-institution study...

..To assess the effects of radiation dose-volume distribution on the trajectory of IQ development after conformal radiation therapy (CRT) in pediatric patients with ependymoma...

..Implications of these findings for understanding neurobehavioral sequelae within pediatric medulloblastoma populations and for designing educational and remediation strategies to be used with these children are discussed...

..Younger patients exhibited substantial problems with the development of reading skills...

..9 points lower than that of controls and decreased as a function of age (probability = .014). The findings suggest that there is diffuse brain injury in patients and that patient deficits increase with age...

..The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have deficits in neurocognitive performance, and smaller white-matter volumes are associated with these deficits...

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..Long-term clinical significance remains unproven. Further work is needed to improve effect sizes and treatment compliance and to address the needs of other populations with pediatric brain injury...

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..To investigate the acute efficacy and adverse side effects of methylphenidate (MPH) among survivors of childhood cancer [acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or brain tumor (BT)] with learning impairments...

..Local tumor effects, initial surgical intervention, and focal irradiation of central structures contribute to long-lasting attentional problems in pediatric and young adult patients...

..A Phase II trial of conformal radiation therapy (CRT) for craniopharyngioma was conducted to determine whether the irradiated volume could be safely reduced to decrease effects on cognitive function...

..Despite measures to reduce radiation dose and treatment volume, the volume that receives the highest dose continues to have the greatest effect, which supports current volume-reduction efforts...

..To test the hypotheses that memory and attention deficits are prevalent in survivors of childhood medulloblastoma (MB) and that these deficits are associated with problems with academic achievement...

..Therefore, volumetric monitoring of brain development can be used to guide the care of survivors, assess the toxicity of previous and current clinical trials, and aid in the design of therapies that minimize toxicity...

..To review our institution's experience in the treatment of craniopharyngioma and assess the merits of initial therapy with limited surgery and irradiation...

..To assess sustained attention, impulsivity, and reaction time during radiotherapy (RT) for pediatric patients with localized primary brain tumors...

..However, these regions also received the highest total dose of irradiation, providing a possible explanation for atypical corpus callosum development observed in these 35 patients treated for medulloblastoma...

..These findings show that impairment is multifactorial and suggest that chronic brain hypoxia is part of the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease...

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..Recognition and appropriate treatment of atonic seizures in cancer survivors could improve seizure control, neurologic development, and quality of life...

..A steeper decline was found for those with higher baseline performance. Clinicians may use the proposed predictive model to identify those patients who are at risk of significant intellectual decline...

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..Further exploration of the relationships between radiation therapy, memory dysfunction, and hippocampal pathology in this population is warranted...

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..However, fMRI studies in this population must take into account effects of quantitative differences in their BOLD responses as compared to healthy subjects...

..As cure rates have improved over the past three decades, increasing efforts have been directed toward reducing treatment-related late effects...

..In general, efficacy for Spanish-speaking mothers exceeded that for English-speaking mothers. Findings also suggest young, single mothers profit most from PSST...

..The implications of these findings for refinement of the PSST intervention and for extension to other groups of children with serious illnesses are discussed...