P M Flynn

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..Adolescents represent the fastest growing demographic group of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in the United States. At present, there is little information available about their response to therapy...

..Rapidly decreasing TFV levels in infants suggest that multiple or higher doses of TDF will be necessary to maintain concentrations that are effective for viral suppression...

..Interventions, especially those focused on adherence, are necessary to improve HAART outcomes in adolescents...

..056). Although findings were similar between the BID and QD groups, the lower concentrations of ZDV and the number of patients below the level of detection after 24 h suggests that ZDV should continue to be administered BID...

..HIV-infected youth are at risk of hepatitis B infection and should be vaccinated. Previous reports suggest reduced response to standard hepatitis B vaccine regimens...

..0014). Aspergillosis continues to be associated with poor outcome. Development of improved medical and adjuvant therapies, including surgery, is warranted...

..Studies of simpler oral regimens of zidovudine can now be evaluated regarding the ability to achieve these pharmacologic end points associated with highly effective parenteral therapy...

..MRP4 is the first transporter, to our knowledge, directly linked to the efflux of nucleoside monophosphate analogs from mammalian cells...

..The cases were invariably fatal, supporting aggressive treatment of candidal meningitis in immunocompromised patients and further study of the prevention, diagnosis, and management of C. tropicalis meningitis...

..0). Results support the safety of oral cefixime therapy for low-risk febrile neutropenic children, a therapeutic approach that would facilitate earlier outpatient management and decrease the costs of treatment...

..To obtain input from adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection to inform the design of a community-based modified directly observed therapy (MDOT) antiretroviral adherence intervention...

..The etiology, clinical course, and outcome of fever and neutropenia (FN) in children with cancer using the current FN guidelines and diagnostic resources in the United States have not been well described...

..However, the epidemiology of PVL-positive MRSA infections has not been described in children or adults with cancer...

..We developed and implemented a process for routine HIV screening, and we report screening practices and acceptance among adolescents at a large, urban, pediatric emergency department (ED)...

..Thirty-eight (73%) of the bacteremic episodes were catheter-related. Methicillin resistance was associated with increased catheter removal (P = 0.003), but no increase in complications or adverse outcomes was seen...

..To identify predictors for 2 risk measures-"proven invasive bacterial infection or culture-negative sepsis (IBD)" and "clinical complications (CC)"-in pediatric cancer patients with fever and neutropenia (FN)...

..PVL-positive MRSA infections were associated with more SSTI ( p=0.043) but not with increased morbidity or a higher risk of complications compared to PVL-negative MRSA infections in children and young adults with HIV...

..Receipt of a vaccine to a related virus significantly enhanced the neutralization capacity of these responses, suggesting homologous vaccination against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus would have a similar effect...

..We systematically reviewed clinical trials on the safety and efficacy of cefepime in pediatric patients in view of recent reports, which suggested that cefepime is associated with increased 30-day all-cause mortality rates...

..Depressed youth appear to be one subgroup that would benefit from this intervention. Study findings should help inform the design of larger community-based DOT intervention studies in youth...

..Therefore, a retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the incidence of PCP in pediatric patients who received prophylactic atovaquone during treatment for acute leukemia...

..Comparative quantitative culture of blood obtained via the CVC and a peripheral vein (PV) is a well-accepted method of diagnosing CRBI; however, an alternative definition for use when a PV culture is not available is desirable...

..Selection of empiric antibiotics based on ongoing monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is emphasized...

..The authors describe each of these new compounds and discuss how they fit into the overall management of fungal infections in patients with cancer...

..Both the pain and inconvenience of PV cultures are undesirable...

..0001). CONCLUSIONS: Optimal yield of blood cultures in immunocompromised pediatric patients included the use of BAC with a weight-based, graduated volume of culture inoculation and routine use of both AF and MFL...

..CONCLUSIONS: Because fungal orbital cellulitis can be fatal even if detected early in patients who are immunocompromised, ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists should be alert to the disease's subtle clinical manifestations...

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..cereus toxins...

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..HIV-infected youth are best served in a comprehensive care environment with immediate access to medical care, social work, and psychology/psychiatry services...

..Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is fulminant and often fatal in immunosuppressed patients. Percutaneous biopsy may select patients who could benefit from surgical resection...

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..e., median of approximately 10 h. micro g/ml). This pediatric FTC dose is being evaluated in long-term phase II therapeutic trials in HIV-infected children...

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..Limited data are available on the level of virologic suppression and immune function of pediatric patients followed in clinical settings in the HAART era...

..Compared with prior studies, utilization rates appear to be declining over time. Unlike adults, racial/ethnic or gender disparities in healthcare utilization are less pronounced for HIV-infected children...

..Several T cell markers were predictive of subsequent virologic failure in subjects achieving short-term success. Further study is warranted to determine whether these predictors provide any benefit to clinical management...

..To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ritonavir-boosted tipranavir (TPV/r) in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients...

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..Few data are available regarding clinical outcomes or dosing requirements for the protease inhibitor ritonavir in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children younger than under 24 months of age...

..Additional studies of the exposure-response relationships of this regimen in children, adolescents, and adults would advance our knowledge of its pharmacodynamic properties...

..This finding may have implications for initial treatment regimens and transmission risk in HIV-infected youth, a group with rising infection rates...

..This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of micafungin in patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis (IA)...

..These results demonstrate that caspofungin at 1 mg/kg/day in pediatric patients is suboptimal. Caspofungin administration at 50 mg/m2/day provides a comparable exposure to that of adult patients treated with 50 mg/day...

..This study demonstrates that adolescents apply sound criteria in evaluating research participation and do not appear to be unduly affected by compensation...

..administrative component: ..

..An ATU in Memphis would offer the combined advantages of an established, productive clinical research center with the proximity of a large at-risk population to maximize realization of the research efforts in the adolescent population. ..

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