Suzanne P McKee

..We found that the rise in grating thresholds with increasing edge disparity was monotonic and virtually identical to the rise in thresholds observed for bars. Stereoacuity is contingent on stereo matching...

..We conclude that stereo matching of gratings (or any other texture) depends on a combination of responses in both coarse-scale second-order and fine-scale first-order disparity mechanisms...

..We speculate that access to the most sensitive V1 neurons depends on the extrastriate processes that determine perceived depth--in this case, second-order envelope mechanisms...

..Despite their superior contrast sensitivity, non-binocular observers typically have poorer optotype acuity and Vernier acuity, at a given level of grating acuity, than those with residual binocular function...

..With practice, the stereoscope thresholds for one observer improved to almost the precision of the thresholds for the real rods...

..Our results demonstrate that the initial visual information about target location can limit endpoint precision, even over as small a range as 12 degrees in the central visual field (a lateral extent of +/-8.5 cm at the midline)...

..To study the pattern of facilitatory and suppressive binocular interactions in stereodeficient patients with strabismus and in healthy controls...

..Stimulus configuration had a profound effect on stereo thresholds that cannot be accounted for by disparity-energy models of V1 processing. We suggest that higher-level 3D contour or 3D shape mechanisms are involved...

..This change in the slopes indicates that the threshold improvement is largely due to a significant reduction in uncertainty...

..These results indicate that search for these simple patterns in noise is based on competing responses in oriented filters...

..We suggest that the properties of surround suppression are best explained by a mechanism that selects salient targets for subsequent saccades...

..Instead the visual system seems to enforce an a priori assumption that when motion continues across a boundary it belongs to a common motion path...

..Sensitivity to disparity context is thus widespread in visual cortex, but the dynamics of these contextual interactions differ across regions...

..Apparently, the VEP is strongly driven by shifts in visual direction that alter surface, texture, or contour contiguity...

..It appears that the first segment of the trajectory acts as an automatic cue that draws attention to subsequent segments of the trajectory, leading to enhanced detectability for predictable motion trajectories...

..Our simulations using the Tsai-Victor model show that the response profiles produced by scaled disparity-energy mechanisms can account for many of our results on the transparency generated by steep gradients...

..This characteristic evoked response marker is a promising tool for measuring binocular fusion objectively in patients with strabismus...

..Surround suppression apparently dominates at low contrasts, which would explain some of the reported similarities between the two phenomena...

..Moreover, the relatively flat increment threshold function observed at any one scale is compatible with a steeply rising function for broad-bandwidth stimuli...

..Our results consistently support the match-to-fovea account, and lead us to conclude that monoptic depth is a stereoscopic phenomenon...

..Visual information is used to guide the hand throughout a reach and has a significant impact on endpoint precision...

..The facilitation extends the disparity range that yields the low thresholds associated with fine-scale components, limiting the loss of disparity resolution for multi-scale stimuli...

..Our results indicate that sensitivity to the depth component of the target displacement is based on disparity relative to a local reference plane...

..It obviates the need to construct a complex three-dimensional space in either eye-centered or head-centered coordinates that must be updated with every shift of the eyes and head...

..The proposed test could assist with the diagnosis of amblyopia in infancy, as well as in monitoring progress during treatment, thereby improving the chance of a favorable outcome. ..

..These studies of normal observers will provide basic knowledge about normal stereopsis, a prerequisite for understanding abnormalities of the binocular system ..

..The multidimensional experimental design allows isolation of neural mechanisms utilized by perception, working memory, memory encoding, and recall. ..