Edward P Weiss

..To compare the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability and analysis time of two methods for quantifying visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volumes from magnetic resonance (MR) images...

..This may be attributed to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Acute endurance exercise might improve postprandial endothelial function by enhancing glucoregulation and reducing postprandial hyperglycemia...

..This effect does not appear to be attributable to changes in body fat mass because a comparable decrease in T(3) concentration was not observed in response to an exercise-induced fat mass reduction...

..Age-related reductions in serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations may be involved in bone mineral density (BMD) losses...

..However, most of those studies have not accounted for the interactive and potentially confounding effects of habitual physical activity and diet...

..Furthermore, abbreviated 4-hour PPLTs are a valid surrogate for longer tests and may make PPLTs more feasible in a clinical setting...

..These findings suggest that, during EX, the body adapts to maintain or even enhance physical performance capacity...

..abstract:..

..These effects, in combination with other benefits of CR, such as protection against obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, suggest that CR may have a major beneficial effect on health span, life span, and quality of life in humans...

..However, these men are particularly responsive with respect to the magnitude of endurance training-induced improvement in insulin action...

..However, it does not appear that exercise training-induced weight loss results in greater improvements than those that result from calorie restriction alone...

..The objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of prolonged CR in nonobese adults and to compare the effects of CR- and exercise-induced weight loss on body composition and abdominal adiposity...

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..Data from the present study provide evidence that CR- and EX-induced negative energy balance result in substantial and similar improvements in the major risk factors for CHD in normal-weight and overweight middle-aged adults...

..13) tended to increase. We conclude that weight loss, whether induced by CR or Ex, has salutary effects on diastolic function...

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..To determine whether alterations in diet and/or activity patterns during weekends contribute to weight gain or hinder weight loss...

..We tested the hypothesis that EX-induced weight loss is associated with less bone loss compared with CR-induced weight loss...

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..In conclusion, fasting glucose and the extent to which glucose tolerance changes with exercise training may be influenced by the IL-6 -174 gene polymorphism...

..Year 2 was an open label continuation. DHEA replacement improved glucose tolerance in participants who had abnormal GT initially, reduced plasma triglycerides, and the inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNFα...

..64; P = 0.006). In conclusion, calorie restriction and exercise-induced weight loss both decrease IMAT and VAT volumes. However, exercise appears to result in preferential reductions in these fat depots...

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..The aim of this study was to determine whether cardiovascular fitness, whole-body adiposity, or abdominal adiposity is the strongest predictor of insulin resistance into old age...

..Arterial stiffness increases with age and is an independent risk factor for CVD. Therefore, the improvements observed in this study suggest that DHEA replacement might partly reverse arterial aging and reduce CVD risk...

..Because RER(max) is heavily influenced by CO2 production from acid buffering during maximal exercise, we postulated that dietary acid load, which affects acid-base regulation, might contribute to variability in RER(max)...

..We conclude that aerobic exercise training reduces the potential for coagulation, improves fibrinolytic potential, and reduces leukocyte TNF-alpha gene expression after the ingestion of a high-fat meal...

..7 +/- 2.4 kg/m 2 ), long-term benefits can be achieved with relatively small weight loss in obese African Americans...

..As a result, the gender differences dissipate in the later decades of life. Declines in Q(max) and a-vD(O2) contribute equally to the age-related decrease in V(O2 max) in men and women...

..These results highlight the importance of including behavioral and environmental factors in the design of studies seeking to assess the impact of genes on physiological and clinical outcome phenotypes...

..To determine how the frequency, timing and magnitude of hyperglycemia are associated with large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes...

..BMI appeared to correlate well with the amount of activity that was performed. The most salient finding was the near absence of physical activity, even in the presence of facilities, support personnel, and available time...

..Therefore, physical fitness is associated with attenuation of cognitive decline in older individuals and greater economy of motor preparation for both young and older participants...

..However, this variant has no significant effect on training-induced CV and glucose and insulin metabolism adaptations...

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