Kennon J Heard

..The duration of treatment varies from 21 to 72 hours, depending on the protocol. Acetylcysteine also prevents death when administered to patients with hepatic failure from acetaminophen...

..Our hypothesis was that common liver tests would be unaffected by administration of the maximum recommended daily dosage of acetaminophen for 3 consecutive days to newly-abstinent alcoholic subjects...

..Toxicologists should consider therapeutic acetaminophen use as a cause of ALT elevation. Further study of the mechanism of ALT elevations may provide new insight into other causes of drug-induced liver injury and hepatic adaptation...

..The necessity of blinded outcome assessment on animal studies is unknown. The authors determined the effect of knowledge of treatment group on assessment of time to seizure in an animal model of cocaine poisoning...

..We conclude that both benzodiazepines and antipsychotic medications are effective for the prevention of lethality from cocaine toxicity in animal models...

..The objective of this study is to describe APAP-CYS concentrations in these clinical settings as well as to further characterize the concentrations observed following acetaminophen overdose...

..Acetylcysteine is a safe and effective treatment for the prevention of hepatic injury due to acetaminophen poisoning. While dosing errors are common, in most cases, overdoses produce minimal clinical effects...

..Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic medication, is an antagonist of these receptors. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of olanzapine pretreatment for attenuation of acute cocaine toxicity using a mouse model...

..As a result, the information may be misleading to providers, and the clinical applications may be detrimental to patient care...

..However, our findings suggest that administration of an atypical antipsychotic for 10 days may increase the toxic effects of cocaine...

..However, 14 days of therapeutic doses of paracetamol has been associated with an increase in serum transaminases...

..Despite concern that the antivenom is an equine-derived whole IgG and can precipitate early hypersensitivity reactions, there is only 1 other reported case of anaphylaxis to the antivenom in the medical literature...

..To describe the changes in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in nondrinkers receiving acetaminophen for 10 days...

..Metabolism of paracetamol to its hepatotoxic metabolite is enhanced in patients who abuse alcohol, who also have compromised liver defences from depressed hepatic glutathione...

..We describe a series of exposures to products marketed as synthetic cannabinoids to better characterize the clinical effects in these patients...

..The use of a point of care device to monitor serum transaminases would allow immediate evaluation of this safety endpoint and may be less expensive than standard laboratory testing...

..Patients frequent take acetaminophen to treat dental pain. One previous study found a high rate of overuse of nonprescription analgesics in an emergency dental clinic...

..5 %) and intermural (82.1 %) participants. The vast majority of survey respondents reported using energy drinks, dietary supplements, and prescription medications within the last year for athletic performance enhancement...

..We evaluate the ability of 4 sampling methods to generate representative samples of the emergency department (ED) population...

..Treatment has ranged from symptomatic care to administration of specific antivenom. Declining antivenom availability and, possibly, the fear of hypersensitivity allergic reactions, has limited antivenom use in the US...

..New methods of metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics that account for this complexity hold promise for translational researchers hoping to increase drug efficacy and decrease drug toxicity...

..Case reports and animal studies are commonly used as evidence to support treatment recommendations in medical toxicology textbooks...

..We suggest that elevated serum acetaminophen concentrations at the end of a standard 20-hour acetylcysteine infusion should be discussed with the local poison center...

..All 4 patients recovered with supportive care. Olanzapine should be added to opioid and alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist intoxication in the differential diagnosis of the patient with depressed mental status and miosis...