Joshua E Muscat

..A behavioral phenotype that characterizes nicotine dependence, the time to first cigarette after waking, is hypothesized to increase the risk of lung cancer...

..These results show that while menthol in tobacco is associated with an indicator of nicotine dependence in blacks, menthol was not associated with biological uptake of nicotine in black and white smokers...

..The time to first cigarette after waking in the morning is a behavior associated with several dimensions of nicotine dependence including the dose of smoke uptake. We hypothesized that a short TTFC increases the risk of laryngeal cancer...

..Talc is not genotoxic. Mechanistic, pathology and animal model studies have not found evidence for a carcinogenic effect. In summary, these data collectively do not indicate that cosmetic talc causes ovarian cancer...

..Collectively, these results show that menthol does not affect biological exposure to tobacco smoke constituents but indicates that menthol might inhibit the detoxification of the potent lung carcinogen NNAL...

..Similar findings were observed for urinary cotinine. These findings suggest that the time to first cigarette is a strong predictor of nicotine uptake and should be considered in the design of smoking interventions...

..A behavioral phenotype that characterizes nicotine dependence, the time to first cigarette after waking, is hypothesized to increase the risk of head and neck cancer...

..The validity of urinary correction standards has not been established for most analytes...

..The rates did not change during this period, despite the exponential increase in mobile phone subscriptions starting in 1984. These results indicate that mobile phone use is unrelated to the risk of neuronal cancers...

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..Collectively, these results indicated that phenotypic differences in NAT2 alone or in combination with CYP1A2 might help explain the higher incidence rates of transitional cell bladder cancer in whites...

..A deletion polymorphism in the UGT2B17 gene is associated with a substantial reduction in glucuronidation activity in vitro...

..It has not been determined whether there are racial differences in the exposure to the cigarette smoke carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and in the detoxification of NNK metabolites...

..The human excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) protein is essential for a functional NER system and genetic variation in ERCC1 may contribute to impaired DNA repair capacity and increased lung and H&N cancer risk...

..This study suggests that subjects with the SOD2 TCG haplotype may be at decreased risk for lung adenocarcinoma and that this association may depend on smoking amount...

..05) but was unchanged in Blacks. These results indicate a direct association between selenium and GSH in the blood of both free-living and selenium-supplemented individuals, with race being an important modifying factor...

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..05) or UGT2B7 (*2/*2) (P<0.02) genotypes. These data suggest that the UGT2B17 deletion polymorphism is associated with a reduced rate of NNAL detoxification in vivo and may increase individual susceptibility to tobacco-related cancers...

..6 (95% CI = 1.3-3.7). These findings suggest that mild iron deficiency and low GSH levels, which are associated with increased oxidative stress, increase the risk of oral cavity cancer...

..As the detection of a modest benefit or risk (e.g. 10-20%) that can have significant public health impact requires large samples, the findings should be confirmed or refuted in larger studies...

..31-0.99; OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.24-0.77, respectively). Following the Dietary Guidelines or a dietary pattern lower in meat, potatoes, high fat, and refined foods and higher in fruits and vegetables may reduce colorectal cancer risk...

..Continued research efforts are needed to evaluate the cumulative and interactive effects of numerous dietary exposures on colorectal cancer risk...

..6, 2.2). In subgroup analysis, the OR was 0.7 (95% CI 0.2, 2.2) in aspirin users and 1.6 (95% CI 0.8, 3.2) in subjects not taking aspirin. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that NO does not change the risk of colorectal cancer...

..We reviewed radiologic data to evaluate the hypothesis that tumors in smokers of cigarettes with lower-tar yield are more likely to occur peripherally than tumors in smokers of higher-yield cigarettes...

..Flow cytometric evaluation of oral cytology harvested keratinocytes can be used to measure exposure to tobacco carcinogens, and possibly establish a link to premalignant and malignant transformation before a lesion is noted...

..The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in the UGT1A10-specific region of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase family 1A locus and their relationship with risk for orolaryngeal carcinoma...

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..1%, n = 8). GSSP levels are stable over time but increase in response to the abundant free radicals in cigarette smoke. These findings support the use of GSSP as a sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress...

..The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in smoking-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Chinese students in 3 types of secondary schools...

..To identify modifiable family and school environmental factors associated with Chinese adolescent smoking behaviors including never-smoking, experimental smoking, regular smoking, and attempting to quit...

..9-5.1). In contrast to previous data showing no relationship between OC exposure and risk of breast cancer in these women, adipose PCB concentrations were associated with tumor recurrence. Pesticide levels were not related to recurrence...

..To the authors' knowledge there are little data regarding whether regular use of NSAIDs reduces the risk of developing lung carcinoma in humans...

..Determine the effects of MAC supplementation after adjustment for age, genetic polymorphisms and other factors. ..