William D Johnson

..We investigated the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) indicated by baseline health status in elementary school children...

..Prediabetes (PreDM) in asymptomatic adults is associated with abnormal circadian blood pressure variability (abnormal CBPV)...

..However, comparisons depend on the true prevalence within ethnicity-gender groups. After controlling for obesity prevalence, disparity in underestimation was greater in EA than in AA men (P < 0.003) but not women...

..To investigate the prevalence of distinct combinations of components of the metabolic syndrome among adolescents...

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..Sex differences, and in some instances race differences, in the relationships between anthropometry and fat-specific depots demonstrate that these characteristics need to be considered when predicting adiposity from WC or BMI...

..In conclusion, results from our large, biethnic sample of men and women found a FM-FFM relationship very close to that originally described by Forbes, absent of significant variability by ethnicity or sex...

..There are no apparent ethnic differences in men; however, in AA women the optimal BMI and WC values are ~3 kg/m2 and 5 cm higher than in white women...

..The present report is the outcome of a "proof of concept" study to evaluate the efficacy of dietary methionine restriction (MR) in humans with metabolic syndrome...

..To determine contributions of trunk and extremity adiposity to cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides) among white and African American adults...

..The purpose of this project was to describe step-defined categories (as measured by accelerometer) of U.S. adults and to determine predictors of sedentary classification (<5000 steps/d)...

..High prevalence of Co-PreHTN+PreDM in healthy US adults, a strong correlate for dysregulated cardiometabolic risk factors, highlights a plausible accelerated pathway for early cardiovascular events...

..There is increasing interest in understanding racial differences in adiposity in specific body depots as a way to explain differential health risks associated with obesity...

..There is a lack of knowledge about the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and the odds of having metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors...

..The purpose of this study was to determine cadence patterns in free-living adults, and in particular, time spent at increasing cadence increments including 100 steps/min and beyond...

..Clinical care designed to prevent progression from PreHTN to HTN (JNC 7 recommendation) may attenuate risk...

..Pioglitazone (Pio) treatment induces weight gain in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which could worsen hepatic lipid accumulation, and alter adiponectin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)...

..These findings support the hypothesis that overweight children tend to lose body weight and nonoverweight children tend to gain body weight...

..We describe 1) quantity of LA (minutes and steps per day) across demographic groups, 2) proportion of LA to total physical activity, and 3) relationships between LA and MVPA using NHANES 2005-2006 accelerometer adult data (n = 3744)...

..In conclusion, daily dietary supplementation with bioactives from whole blueberries improved insulin sensitivity in obese, nondiabetic, and insulin-resistant participants...

..Aerobic exercise is associated with lower total WBC, neutrophil, and monocyte counts. However, no studies have evaluated the effect of the amount of aerobic exercise (dose) on total WBC and WBC subfraction counts...

..To determine time spent on the working day in sleep, work, sedentary behaviors, and light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity behaviors by occupation intensity...

..The purpose of this study was to determine if a short-term pedometer-based intervention results in immediate increases in time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared to a minimal educational intervention...

..Results indicate that overweight residents of the LMD should be accumulating at least 8300-9100 steps·day(-1) to meet the recommendation of 30 min·day(-1) MVPA...

..Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, although perceived to be high, is often difficult to demonstrate in disease free (healthy) obese adults...

..Objective To assess the relationship between moderate intensity lifestyle activity (LA) and cardiometabolic health using accelerometer data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006...

..These results suggest that WC could be useful in gaining an insight into people's awareness of their own body size and fatness...

..Step counters can be used to collect objective PA expressed as steps/day, however the association between steps/day and recommended PA levels is unclear...

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..However, the combined effects of habitual free-living physical activity and aerobic training on waist circumference, weight, fitness, and blood pressure in postmenopausal women are unknown...

..e., insulin sensitivity...

..We evaluated the effects of mixed meals differing in glycemic index (GI) and carbohydrate content on postprandial serum glucose and insulin response, hunger, and satiety over the course of a 12-h day...

..Time in cadence bands alone explained 39%-73% of the variability in TEE and 30%-63% of the variability in PAEE. Prediction models were stronger for men than for women...

..These data show that skeletal muscle PTP1B gene expression is increased in African American subjects with T2DM, is negatively associated with whole-body insulin sensitivity, and contributes to modulation of insulin signaling...

..We examined the effects of wear time on a population profile of time-stamped accelerometer outputs using the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data representing 3744 adults ≥ 20 years of age...

..These studies confirm the hypothesis that interventions that modify the school cafeteria environment can beneficially impact childhood nutrition...

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..In conclusion, the Memory for Names test is a reliable and valid measure of age-related cognitive function that can discriminate between normal aging and mild cognitive impairment, and between mild cognitive impairment and dementia...

..Knowing the most-frequently reported physical activities can inform intervention strategies, enhance questionnaire design, and inform objective monitor calibration studies...

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..More specifically, these data implicate impaired Nrf2 signaling and increased cerebral oxidative stress as mechanisms underlying HFD-induced declines in cognitive performance in the aged brain...

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..This study investigated the number of pedometer assessment occasions required to establish habitual physical activity in African American adults...

..To elucidate the relationship between low circulating serum vitamin D levels and predisease conditions (ie, prediabetes and prehypertension) in healthy Mexican American adults...

..Such indicators have been used to study adult ambulatory behavior in a representative sample, but similar analyses for children and adolescents are limited to a single small and select sample...

..Intervention strategies that harness the body's appetite and satiety regulating signals provide a means of countering excessive energy intake...

..This accelerometer is known to have a lower sensitivity threshold than accepted pedometers, leading to relatively higher step estimates...

..To determine whether modest elevations of fasting serum glucose (FSG) and resting blood pressure (BP) in healthy adults are associated with differential serum vitamin D concentrations...

..The objectives of this study were to compare weight loss, payment methods, and early postoperative complications between black and white adults...

..This cascade of events in some measure explains the susceptibility of obese adults for co-morbid conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension...