Bonnie Spring

..A challenge in intensive obesity treatment is making care scalable. Little is known about whether the outcome of physician-directed weight loss treatment can be improved by adding mobile technology...

..Many patients exhibit multiple chronic disease risk behaviors. Research provides little information about advice that can maximize simultaneous health behavior changes...

..More remains unknown than known about how to optimize multiple health behaviour change...

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..The authors offer recommendations for improving the analytic quality of behavioral health RCTs to ensure that evidence about behavioral treatments is highly weighted in systematic reviews...

..We tested whether acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) triggers depressive symptoms in euthymic, unmedicated smokers and nonsmokers with and without history of major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..3 times more likely to be smoking (p = .02). Further research is warranted to determine why high-dose fluoxetine produces continuing effects that oppose tobacco abstinence...

..The long-rejected construct of food addiction is undergoing re-examination...

..A good theory of integrative, collaborative health decision making remains needed...

..Training needs are identified in the areas of clinical trial methodology and reporting, systematic reviews, search strategies, measuring patient preferences, and acquisition of clinical skills to perform ESTs...

..Yet little evidence supports this view, and nicotine's effect on positive affect deficiency in depression remains largely unstudied...

..The study aim is to determine which combination of two behavior change goals--one dietary, one activity--yields greatest overall healthy lifestyle change...

..We reviewed evidence to determine whether behavioral weight control intervention compromises smoking cessation attempts, and if it offers an effective way to reduce post-cessation weight gain...

..Wide-spread dissemination of evidence-based obesity treatment faces multiple challenges including cost, access, and implementing the programmatic characteristics on a large scale...

..Results indicate that lower pretreatment PM may inhibit long-term cessation. Smokers with lower baseline PM may benefit from treatment that increases PM...

..The ENGAGED study is a theory-guided, randomized controlled trial designed to examine the feasibility and efficacy of an abbreviated smartphone-supported weight loss program...

..12 vs. 0.27 BMI units; P = 0.04). Results for men showed fewer and weaker associations. When obese women perceive themselves as obese and feel that their body size is too large, they gain less weight over time...

..004). Behavioral weight control did not undermine smoking cessation and, when initiated after the smoking quit date, slowed the rate of weight gain, supporting a sequential approach...

..Using a treatment implementation framework, we suggest how virtual reality technologies might further improve the delivery, receipt, and enactment of ENGAGED to maximize patient impact...

..CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that 60 mg of fluoxetine improves both positive and negative mood states after quitting smoking and that diminished positive affect may be an overlooked affective response to smoking cessation...

..006). Variation in palatability or hunger did not explain these differences in snack reward value. Findings indicate that nicotine deprivation is associated with a heightened reward value of appealing snack foods for female smokers...

..These data suggest that nicotine may be a disproportionately powerful negative reinforcer for highly impulsive smokers, promoting higher levels of nicotine dependence and inhibiting smoking cessation...

..Our finding provides a platform for further investigation of this, or additional mechanisms, involving the relationship between insulin and self-administered nicotine dose...

..The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that more impulsive smokers are more responsive to cigarette cues than other smokers...

..Findings support both unitary and domain-specific aspects of adherence and suggest that among smokers, smoking and eating behaviors may have similarities unshared by physical activity...

..Further research examining behavioral and physiological mechanisms of mood deterioration and caloric overcompensation following exercise in overweight, sedentary individuals is warranted...

..Findings suggest a need to identify alternative mechanisms to explain impulsive smokers' increased difficulty in maintaining abstinence and to develop targeted treatments that address the special needs of smokers high in impulsivity...

..019 for rs9839267 in CHS. We have here shown feasibility in evaluating lifetime incidence of heavy alcohol drinking from population-based studies for the purpose of conducting genetic association analyses...

..The objective of this study was to examine how program characteristics relate to participant retention in the Veterans Health Administration's weight-management program, MOVE!..

..The study goal was to determine whether schizophrenic and depressed smokers perceive the reinforcement value of cigarette smoking differently from nonpsychiatric smokers who smoke as heavily...

..Research on smokers is impeded, in part, by a lack of instruments that specifically measure compulsive smoking...

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..To update our prior meta-analysis that showed past major depression (MD+) to be unrelated to smoking cessation outcome...

..We examined whether adopting a healthy lifestyle throughout young adulthood is associated with the presence of the low cardiovascular disease risk profile in middle age...

..This article aimed to demonstrate how ordinary use of generalized estimating equations (GEE) can be problematic if the assumption of missing completely at random (MCAR) is not met...

..The intervention is designed to be useful for health systems and insurers interested in a chronic disease management program that could be disseminated to large populations of arthritis patients...

..Results suggest that exercise may help temper negative affect states for women with heightened smoking-specific weight concern...

..However, its effect on a broad range of emotions beyond depressed mood has been inconsistent, and studies have rarely employed a negative mood induction...

..Instead, findings suggest that young adults with a prior history of major depression hold exaggerated expectations about nicotine's positive effects, which could enhance their likelihood of initiating smoking...

..To investigate provider and patient views about communication regarding cervical cancer screening follow-up...

..42, P = .016, such that financial motivation had a more deleterious influence among men. Implications for practice and future research on incentivized lifestyle and weight interventions are discussed...

..Evidence-based behavioral medicine (EBBM) aims to improve the process through which best scientific research evidence can be obtained and translated into best clinical decisions regarding behavioral treatments to improve health...

..Learning to make medically accurate judgments of healthy body size may increase the motivation to lose weight in some persons...

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..The aim of this paper is to begin to define principles by which control conditions can be selected or developed in a manner that can assist both investigators and grant reviewers...

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..The First Annual International Science of Team Science (SciTS) Conference was held in Chicago, IL April 22-24, 2010. This article presents a summary of the Conference proceedings...

..Results support a modest, short-term effect of fluoxetine on smoking cessation and consideration of alternative models for handling missing data...

..Relatively overlooked, however, is the possibility that smokers might also self-administer nicotine to elevate low positive affect...

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..There is increasing evidence linking cigarette craving and smoking behavior to serotonergic neurotransmission...

..Findings provide support for the existence of a negative affective pathway linking impulsivity and cigarette smoking, and they suggest that this pathway may be specific to the urgency and sensation-seeking components of impulsivity...

..Chronic nicotine exposure appears to be associated with cortical responses suggestive of depressive vulnerability...

..We discuss potential challenges and objections to PBTs and conclude by providing recommendations for the design, conduct, reporting, and review of practical trials...

..Impulsive smokers may experience disproportionate cigarette craving in response to environmental smoking cues that are not reflected in self-report measures due to a relative lack of conscious awareness of the urge to smoke...

..7, p < .01. Personal body weight did not influence evaluations. Acculturation and smoking status appear to have a greater influence than ethnicity or weight status on women's attitudes toward smoking and weight...

..These results show the potential for controlled laboratory studies of price and food purchases, and show that the substitution of healthier for unhealthy food is related to available money...

..e., empirically supported treatments [ESTs]). Main facilitators included a growing evidence base. Results suggest that uptake of EBP may be facilitated by education and training...

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..The goals of this paper were to: (1) identify factors associated with adherence to a protocol-defined quit date and (2) determine whether such adherence predicts cessation outcome (relapse)...

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..Lifetime history of major depression does not appear to be an independent risk factor for cessation failure in smoking cessation treatment...

..Compromising brain serotonin via ATD appears to intensify smoking behavior in nicotine-dependent individuals directly, rather than indirectly through changes in either mood or psychopathologic symptoms...

..The proposed trial tests whether Make Better Choices treatment improves diet and activity more than stress management does and whether it is better to add new lifestyle goals all at once or one after another. ..

..The study examines the impact on medical follow-up and provider-patient communication. ..

..Findings will help to fill an important gap in clinical knowledge about how to optimize healthy simultaneous change in diet and activity among adults. ..

..Results will indicate whether CHO cravers show an increased family prevalence of diabetes and display evidence of insulin resistance and blunting of the expected rise in the tryptophan ratio and leptin concentration after CHO intake. ..

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..The proposed trial tests whether Make Better Choices treatment improves diet and activity more than stress management does and whether it is better to add new lifestyle goals all at once or one after another. ..