Martha Daviglus

..For women, impact of cardiovascular risk factors measured in young adulthood, particularly favorable (low-risk) profile, on mortality has been difficult to assess due to low short-term death rates...

..However, at a recent National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference, an independent panel found insufficient evidence to support the association of any modifiable factor with risk of cognitive decline or AD...

..However, it is unknown whether cardiovascular risk profile earlier in life influences health care costs in the last year of life. This study addresses this question...

..Public health policies must focus on prevention of all major risk factors simultaneously, using lifestyle approaches from early ages onwards to reduce population CVD risk to endemic levels, rather than current epidemic levels...

..Despite adverse changes in risk factors, the prevalence of measurable CAC and mean CAC scores were less for LR participants than for non-LR participants (60% vs 77%, p = 0.09, and 217 vs 443, p = 0.05, respectively)...

..Given the high costs and ineffectiveness of existing programs to treat obesity, perhaps the only solution to the obesity epidemic is primary prevention of weight gain beginning in youth...

..However, little is known about the impact of body mass index (BMI) earlier in life on Medicare expenditures (cardiovascular disease [CVD]-related, diabetes-related, and total) in older age...

..Microalbuminuria (MA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. However, little is known about the relation of nutritional factors to MA, especially in individuals without diabetes...

..High fruit and vegetable intake is associated with lower risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Little is known about the relationship of fruit and vegetable intake to health care expenditures...

..In conclusion, long-term follow-up of older surviving participants is feasible if current addresses can be obtained from standardized sources...

..Few data exist on this important issue. This study evaluates the relationship of midlife low-risk status to quality of life and illness in older age...

..This study evaluates whether BMI in middle age is related to health-related quality of life in older age...

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..We sought to examine the age and gender distribution of coronary artery calcium (CAC) by diabetes status in a large cohort of asymptomatic individuals...

..Future interventions aimed at increasing the number of primary care physicians may not improve cardiovascular risk without first addressing other factors underlying health care disparities...

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..188 for UAC vs. 0.211 for UAE) because of high correlation between body mass index and creatinine level. Thus, UAC and ACR are acceptable alternatives to the more complex UAE, and the simpler UAC may be preferable to ACR in some respects...

..Data supporting physical activity guidelines to prevent long-term weight gain are sparse, particularly during the period when the highest risk of weight gain occurs...

..Lack of association remained consistent when using log CAC and CC-IMT as continuous variables. In conclusion, ECG abnormalities are not associated with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in a large multiethnic cohort...

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..We investigated differences in the development of disability in activities of daily living among non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans, Hispanics interviewed in Spanish, and Hispanics interviewed in English...

..We studied the association between acculturation and diabetes in a population sample of 708 Mexican-origin Hispanics, 547 non-Mexican-origin Hispanics, and 737 Chinese participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)...

..However, the longitudinal association of magnesium intake and incidence of metabolic syndrome has not been investigated...

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..These results should encourage efforts aimed at preventing the development of risk factors in younger subjects to decrease CVD mortality and promote longevity...

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..It is concluded that major cardiovascular risk factors--serum cholesterol, smoking, and blood pressure--in middle age relate significantly to risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm in persons surviving into older age...

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..Although psychosocial factors are correlated, previous studies on risk factors for hypertension have typically examined psychosocial factors individually and have yielded inconsistent findings...

..To examine relationships of BMI with health-related quality of life in adults 65 years and older...

..Results from observational studies on fish consumption and risk of stroke are inconsistent. We quantitatively assessed the relationship between fish intake and incidence of stroke using a meta-analysis of cohort studies...

..Results from observational studies on fish consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality are inconsistent...

..4%, 11.4%, and 6.4%, respectively. Results indicate that mean and median CV are not equivalent to %TE and that values below the detection limit can markedly affect estimates and should be excluded...

..In women aged 18 to 39, the relationship was not significant. In general, normal-weight individuals with lower RHRs have lower levels of CVD risk factors and mortality...

..3 and 5.7 years, respectively. Adverse effects of smoking on risk of coronary, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality prevail for men with lower as well as higher serum cholesterol levels...

..We review the epidemiology of CKD in US Hispanics, identify the factors that may be responsible for this growing health problem, and suggest gaps in our understanding which are suitable for future investigation...

..CONCLUSIONS: In a generally healthy young adult cohort, LV structure as defined by LV mass and geometry is associated with SBP and BMI at levels generally considered normal...

..Electron beam tomography (EBT) is a noninvasive measure of coronary artery calcium (CAC), a marker for atherosclerosis. In this study we examined the association between conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and CAC...

..Data on the relations of different types of fish meals and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to measures of atherosclerosis are sparse...

..Metabolic phenotyping applied to high-quality epidemiological data offers the potential to develop an area of aetiopathogenetic knowledge involving discovery of novel biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease risk...

..42/-0.98 mm Hg (P<0.05 for both) with 2 SD higher intake (4.04% kcal). Dietary linoleic acid intake may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels in general populations...

..03) and 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.28-5.95, P = 0.04). This research provides data that MSG intake may be associated with increased risk of overweight independent of physical activity and total energy intake in humans...

..Thus, prevention, cessation, and avoiding passive smoking should remain strong goals among young people...

..05). These results support the concept that diets higher in fruits and vegetables and lower in meats (except fish) may reduce the risk of developing high BP...

..High hostility predicted future low levels of some serum carotenoids, which may help to explain the association of hostility and cardiovascular risk observed in other epidemiologic studies...

..In summary, food omega-3 PFA intake related inversely to blood pressure, including in nonhypertensive persons, with small estimated effect size. Food omega-3 PFA may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels...

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