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..Little is known about the moral reasoning utilized by orthopaedic surgery residents when resolving moral dilemmas...

..The purpose of this study was to determine which patient and surgical factors correlated with successful healing of a nonunion following surgical intervention...

..To compare the efficacy of anesthetic type on clinical outcomes after operative treatment of distal radius fractures...

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..The current article reviews the perioperative considerations associated with geriatric hip fractures and takes an evidence-based look at the complex issues involved in managing these patients...

..In this investigation, 43 patients at a large university hospital were retrospectively identified who had been diagnosed with chronic osteomyelitis at 44 sites...

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..LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence...

..The purpose of this retrospective review was to compare outcomes for elderly patients with a displaced distal radial fracture who were treated with or without surgical intervention...

..Evaluate whether supplementary fibular fixation helped maintain axial alignment in distal metaphyseal tibia-fibula fractures treated by locked intramedullary nailing...

..These findings suggest that obese patients should be treated in line with standard procedures, keeping in mind any known associated medical co-morbidities...

..4 mm (range 1-1.8 mm). This study shows that articular skiving can occur with penetration of the subchondral plate of up to 1.8 mm. CT has a greater sensitivity and lower specificity in determining skiving compared to radiographs...

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..Those with dislocation had reduced movement of the elbow and had outcome scores indicative of greater disability compared to those without associated dislocation...

..Prompt management or consultation of a soft-tissue expert may reduce the morbidity and need for extensive reconstructive procedures...

..Although most filters were removed without complications, thereby avoiding the long-term complications that have plagued permanent indwelling filters, a relatively high percentage of filters had to be left in situ...

..Therefore, we cannot universally recommend operative treatment for a double disruption of the superior suspensory shoulder complex. Treatment must be individualized for each patient...

..To examine our incidence of early complications that occur using the Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System (PHILOS) and to determine the contributing factors...

..Our approach led to the restoration of elbow joint stability in all patients...

..The results of this study suggest use of plates with unicortical screws for the described fracture is not recommended...

..In this study, we evaluated predictors of short-term functional outcome following surgical stabilization of ankle fractures...

..Phase 3 of our study presented the most accurate results in length determination of tibial nail length...

..The purpose of this study was to determine when patients recover the ability to safely operate the brakes of an automobile following operative repair of an ankle fracture...

..This study compares the biomechanical stability of two volar locked plate systems for fixation of unstable, extra-articular distal radius fractures...

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..However, there was a 50% incidence of postoperative complications associated with this treatment method. We believe that the complication rate associated with the use of the Hagie pin should preclude the use of this particular implant...

..To compare the fixation stability of intramedullary nails to that of locked plates for the treatment of distal metaphyseal tibia and fibula fractures...

..Models where the femoral head had a higher compressive strength than that of the femoral neck may simulate fracture patterns with significant medial cortex comminution that are prone to varus collapse...

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..The increased mortality risk was highest during the first year after hip fracture and returned to the risk of the standard population 3 years postoperatively. Males who are 65 to 84 years had the highest mortality risk...

..Based on the current evidence, the literature appears to support surgical fixation of displaced ankle fractures in the elderly patient population...

..With the aging of the population and an associated increase in the incidence of distal humeral fractures, the debate over the optimal treatment regime will undoubtedly continue...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results using this standardized protocol...

..This prospective study evaluated patient outcomes and pain reduction following removal of orthopaedic hardware implanted for fracture fixation...

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..These fractures are treated by distal femoral replacement. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic study, level V (expert opinion). See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence...

..There were no serious complications and no adverse reactions to the rhOP-I implant. Our study suggests that rhOP-1 may be a safe and effective adjuvant for the treatment of humeral diaphyseal nonunions...

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..Identification of risk factors that can better explain regional rate variation may lead to development of intervention strategies that could significantly reduce the risk for hip fracture among people 65 or older...

..In this article, we outline some of these developments with respect to femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures...

..CONCLUSIONS: Patients at risk for poor outcomes after hip fracture can be identified by assessing hemoglobin levels at hospital admission...

..CONCLUSIONS: Male gender was a risk factor for sustaining a postoperative complication as well as a higher mortality at 1 year post hip fracture...

..CONCLUSION: A sliding hip screw with an attached lateral support plate provides stability and ability to resist medial displacement of the femoral shaft similar to that seen with the IMHS...

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..No specimen lost fixation during cycling. CONCLUSION: The L.I.S.S plating system provides stable fixation of complex bicondylar tibial plateau fractures allowing early range of knee motion with favorable clinical results...

..Both elastic stable intramedullary nails and external fixation can be utilized. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with these two techniques to determine if one is superior to the other...

..Conventional plates may continue to be the fixation method of choice for periarticular fractures which demand perfect anatomical reduction and to certain types of nonunions which require increased stability for union...

..Pin-track infection remains one of the most troublesome complications of external fixation, in some cases compromising otherwise successful fracture treatment...

..This supports the current clinical practice of delayed weight-bearing for ten to twelve weeks...

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..Ultimately, the decision of which method to use lies with the attending surgeon and the technique with which he or she feels most comfortable...

..To address this problem, we combined three cohorts of hip fracture patients to produce a sample of 2692 patients followed for 6 months...

..In this study, the curvature of 948 femurs (474 matched pairs) was determined and compared with current intramedullary nails. The correlation of femoral curvature to age, gender, femoral size, and race was also evaluated...

..Delayed reduction showed no evidence of physeal damage, physeal growth disturbance, or radiographic bar formation. Alignment was not improved in delayed reduction versus malreduced fractures...

..Simple refinishing of these damaged surfaces often resolves these problems. The electrocautery scratch pad can be an excellent means of rapidly refinishing damaged instruments...

..This potential complication should be considered when using a large-diameter Steinmann pin in the distal femur for skeletal traction...

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..The effects of the cartilage defects so created are not known. The choice of technique is also determined by concomitant fractures and the exposure required for their fixation...

..A single dose of 700-centigray radiation therapy postoperatively within 72 hours may lessen the functional loss from heterotopic ossification formation without effecting healing at the fracture site...

..A total of nine radiographs were taken for each specimen. The axillary view is not accurate for measurement of proximal humerus angulation at the arm positions commonly encountered in the trauma setting...

..We hypothesized that an intra-articular block of the ankle would provide similar analgesia and the ability to reduce the ankle with a lower risk than conscious sedation...

..Patients should be counseled and made aware of the decreased range of shoulder motion following this fracture...

..Although no differences in loads to failure during torsion were noted, locked plating constructs exhibited catastrophic failure not observed with the Ogden construct...

..Based on our study we recommend the use of a short-arm radial gutter splint for initial immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic, level II...

..A major challenge to care is the management of the young patient with posttraumatic elbow contracture and advanced degenerative changes for which there is currently no reliable long-term surgical treatment...

..LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, Level IV (case series). See the Guideline for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence...

..This study tested a mathematical method of measuring axial plane malrotation in SCHFs based on plain radiographs...

..Rates of postoperative complications, recovery of ambulatory ability within 1 year, and mortality within 1 year did not differ. These findings may guide orthopedic surgeons in counseling patients with PD and a hip fracture...

..8%) in wound hematoma compared with dextran 40 (1.6%) and aspirin (2.4%) (P<.01). The 3 agents were found not to differ with respect to mortality, thromboembolic phenomena, hemorrhagic complications, or wound complications...

..Also, the volar locked plate was stiffer than the dorsal nonlocked plate for all loading configurations tested except when subjected to a dorsally applied eccentric load...

..001). Patients with anemia at the last discharge were not at increased risk for adverse outcomes at 3, 6, or 12 months compared with patients who did not have anemia...

..4%). Patient age, patient sex, number of medical comorbidities, smoking history, nutritional status, and type of surgery were not statistically significantly associated with risk for developing tape blisters...

..Therefore, we do not recommend making acquisition of ABG levels a routine part of the preoperative evaluation...