Michael S Lauer

..A glossary and schema are provided to help clinicians and researchers understand and discuss these matters effectively...

..Such a policy for science could create a culture that incentivizes and invigorates the rapid generation of evidence, ultimately engaging all clinicians, all patients, and indeed all stakeholders into the scientific enterprise...

..In this commentary, I argue for the ongoing and critical role of randomization in comparative effectiveness, noting the key differences between practical and explanatory trials...

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..Physicians should follow established guidelines such as those of the third AdultTreatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program...

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..Posttest risk stratification is based on the Duke treadmill score, which includes only functional capacity and measures of ischemia...

..Future research must determine how to exploit the associations between autonomic system dysfunction and poor prognosis to improve patient outcomes...

..The purpose of this study was to externally validate the prognostic value of age- and gender-based nomograms and categorical definitions of impaired exercise capacity (EC)...

..4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Even after taking into account the angiographic severity of CAD, left ventricular function, and exercise capacity, HRR is independently predictive of mortality...

..The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with symptomatic multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) and previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unknown...

..19, 95% CI 1.17-4.11, P = .015). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with recent coronary stent placement, reversible nuclear perfusion defects independently predicted risk of death or MI...

..Abnormal microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA) and low peak oxygen consumption (VO2) both predict poor outcome in heart failure. However, their independent predictive properties have not been assessed in large-scale cohorts...

..It is unknown if subtle ECG findings in those patients with clinically normal resting ECGs have prognostic significance...

..We sought to determine whether treadmill exercise time may be of value as an initial prognostic screening tool in ambulatory patients with impaired systolic function who are referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing...

..We assessed the prognostic value of preoperative quantitative electrocardiography in patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting...

..5 micromol/L (the top tertile) were associated with a sevenfold greater mortality risk. In conclusion, homocysteine and fibrinogen levels explain nearly 40% of the attributable mortality risk from CKD...

..HRR does not appear to identify patients likely to have a survival benefit...

..The aim of the study was to derive and externally validate a mortality prediction rule for patients undergoing exercise testing...

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..CONCLUSIONS: Severe ventricular ectopy during recovery after exercise is predictive of increased mortality in patients with severe HF and can be used as a prognostic indicator of adverse outcomes in HF cohorts...

..3-1.7) independently predicted death. No interactions between these two variables with age were noted. CONCLUSIONS: In older patients, impaired functional capacity and heart rate recovery were independent predictors of death...

..Lower socioeconomic status (SES) confers heightened cardiovascular risk and mortality, although the mediating pathways are unclear...

..We sought to examine the short- and long-term outcomes of blood transfusion in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)...

..In conclusion, in this large cohort, peak VO(2) predicted survival in women and men whether or not coronary artery disease was present, but an interaction was noted between coronary artery, gender, and survival...

..CONCLUSION: Exercise stress testing when combined with the European global risk SCORE may be useful for stratifying risk in asymptomatic individuals in a comprehensive executive health screening program...

..Thus, among patients who have normal myocardial perfusion and normal electrocardiograms, a blunted heart rate response to vasodilator stress is predictive of a marked increase in risk of death...

..Quantitative ECG biomarkers have prognostic importance and may be markers of subclinical disease in apparently healthy postmenopausal women...

..Among patients who actually had chest pain, typical angina carried a higher mortality risk...

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..In conclusion, in patients taking beta blockers, chronotropic incompetence is independently predictive of death...

..RSF are a potentially powerful extensions of classification and regression trees, with lower variance and bias...

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..We examined the survival and causes of death of these patients presenting to a pediatric rheumatologist and compared the rates with that reported in the hematology-oncology literature...

..An attenuated systolic blood pressure recovery after exercise has been associated with the severity of atherosclerotic heart disease...

..We sought to assess the association between QT/RR hysteresis and imaging evidence of myocardial ischemia...

..The aim of this work was to determine whether mitral valve (MV) annuloplasty benefits patients with moderate/severe (3+/4+) functional ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)...

..9%, p=0.0012). There was a trend towards an increased rate of allograft vasculopathy in the ICB group (competing risks adjusted hazard ratio 1.39, 95% CI 0.90-2.13, p = 0.14)...

..1; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.9 to 1.3; P=0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Frequent ventricular ectopy during recovery after exercise is a better predictor of an increased risk of death than ventricular ectopy occurring only during exercise...

..52, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.81, P=0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: Among systolic heart failure patients referred for PET/FDG, early intervention may be associated with improved survival irrespective of the degree of viability...

..Atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery is a common marker of poor outcomes. Quantitative electrocardiographic (ECG) measurements may be valuable predictors of postoperative AF...

..To determine whether the presence and severity of aortic atheroma predict long-term all-cause mortality among patients undergoing cardiac surgery...

..However, after accounting for age, sex, and heart rate recovery, educational status was a weaker predictor (HR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.7). CONCLUSIONS: Educational status is independently associated with an abnormal heart rate recovery...

..CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities found on spirometry are associated with abnormal HRR, which may reflect an altered autonomic tone associated with pulmonary dysfunction, either obstructive or restrictive in nature...

..quot; In this study, we used Logical Analysis of Data for risk stratification and compared it to regression techniques...

..To describe mortality rates, causes of death, and potential mortality risk factors in pediatric rheumatic diseases in the US...

..The relatively good survival with idiopathic CP emphasizes the safety of pericardiectomy in this subgroup...

..49, 95% CI 1.08-2.04; P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: HRR is associated with triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and identifies patients with insulin resistance who are at increased risk of death...

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..However, there is concern that renal dysfunction may impair the prognostic value, because cardiac troponin T may be cleared by the kidney...

..CONCLUSIONS: Diastolic HF is associated with a high death rate. Important predictors of death include impaired renal function, worse functional class, male gender, and older age...

..CONCLUSION: In ambulatory patients with congestive HF, estimated CrCl predicts all-cause mortality independently of established prognostic variables...

..Our result provides further evidence to support the important role of inflammation in coronary artery disease...

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..Patients with known coronary heart disease have better outcomes if they receive aggressive statin therapy (eg, atorvastatin [Lipitor] 80 mg/day) to lower their serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to less than 70 mg/dL...

..Those experts who are able to have their reports pass peer review would be presented to the jury as having a greater level of credibility...

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..0003). An abnormal heart rate recovery added to impaired fasting plasma glucose for the prediction of death. Fasting plasma glucose is strongly and independently associated with abnormal heart rate recovery, even at nondiabetic levels...

..24; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.40; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CRP is not only associated with the presence of AF but may also predict patients at increased risk for future development of AF...

..0001). The only other predictors of mortality were age and the serum creatinine level. CONCLUSIONS: Among select patients with severe AS, severe LV dysfunction and a low TVG, AVR was associated with significantly improved survival...

..These differences translate into a decrease in predicted mortality...

..The purpose of this study was to develop 30-day and 1-year risk stratification models for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients that incorporate quantitative ST-segment depression and novel biomarkers...

..For the ratio of early transmitral velocity to early annular velocity, this prediction was additive to deceleration time. Newer diastolic indexes provide an independent prediction of clinical outcomes...

..However, no randomized trials have been done to determine if this strategy leads to better outcomes than with empiric therapy...

..Heart rate recovery (HRR) is an independent prognostic indicator for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in healthy men. We examined the association of HRR to CVD-related and all-cause mortality in men with diabetes...

..A total of 4,728 consecutively tested patients who underwent stress (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT at 5 U.S. hospitals were included in this series...

..Our objectives were to construct a nomogram to permit determination of predicted exercise capacity for age in women and to assess the predictive value of the nomogram with respect to survival...

..CS may be a safer carotid revascularization option for this challenging patient population...

..Inpatient initiation of lipid-lowering therapy appears to be an effective strategy for bridging the gap between current medical knowledge and practice...

..This study determined the prevalence of LVSD with the use of a limited screening echocardiogram among patients with risk factors for HF but no prior HF...

..The objective of this study was to determine the importance of chest pain during ETT in predicting future nonfatal cardiac hospitalizations...

..Patients with >70% ST-segment resolution within 60 minutes had markedly decreased mortality rates, irrespective of treatment...

..To examine the association of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on admission electrocardiography with adverse outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients...

..Our objective was to determine the prognostic importance of exercise capacity for nonfatal cardiac events in a clinical population...

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..0, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 3.0, p = 0.002). In this pilot study, resting BNP was predictive of dobutamine-induced ischemia. Future work is needed to confirm these findings...