Paul W Franks

Summary

Affiliation: National Institutes of Health
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Does the association of habitual physical activity with the metabolic syndrome differ by level of cardiorespiratory fitness?
    Paul W Franks
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
    Diabetes Care 27:1187-93. 2004
  2. ncbi Habitual physical activity in children: the role of genes and the environment
    Paul W Franks
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 82:901-8. 2005
  3. ncbi Leptin predicts a worsening of the features of the metabolic syndrome independently of obesity
    Paul W Franks
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Obes Res 13:1476-84. 2005
  4. ncbi Variation in the eNOS gene modifies the association between total energy expenditure and glucose intolerance
    Paul W Franks
    National Institute of DiabetesDigestiveKidney Diseases, 1550 E Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Diabetes 54:2795-801. 2005
  5. ncbi Interaction between an 11betaHSD1 gene variant and birth era modifies the risk of hypertension in Pima Indians
    Paul W Franks
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Hypertension 44:681-8. 2004
  6. ncbi Habitual energy expenditure modifies the association between NOS3 gene polymorphisms and blood pressure
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
    Am J Hypertens 21:297-302. 2008
  7. ncbi Physiological evidence for the involvement of peptide YY in the regulation of energy homeostasis in humans
    Yan Guo
    Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 14:1562-70. 2006
  8. ncbi Increase in physical activity energy expenditure is associated with reduced metabolic risk independent of change in fatness and fitness
    Ulf Ekelund
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourne Road, CB1 9NL, Cambridge, U K
    Diabetes Care 30:2101-6. 2007
  9. ncbi Lack of association between PCK1 polymorphisms and obesity, physical activity, and fitness in European Youth Heart Study (EYHS)
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:1975-80. 2010
  10. ncbi Absence of association between the INSIG2 gene polymorphism (rs7566605) and obesity in the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS)
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:1453-7. 2009

Detail Information

Publications53

  1. ncbi Does the association of habitual physical activity with the metabolic syndrome differ by level of cardiorespiratory fitness?
    Paul W Franks
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
    Diabetes Care 27:1187-93. 2004
    ..The purpose of this study was, therefore, to describe the association between physical activity and the metabolic syndrome and to test whether fitness level modifies this relationship...
  2. ncbi Habitual physical activity in children: the role of genes and the environment
    Paul W Franks
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 82:901-8. 2005
    ..Understanding the factors that contribute to physical inactivity in children is important because sedentary behavior strongly relates to metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes...
  3. ncbi Leptin predicts a worsening of the features of the metabolic syndrome independently of obesity
    Paul W Franks
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Obes Res 13:1476-84. 2005
    ..Our goal was to test the hypothesis that leptin predicts the development of the features of MS independently of obesity...
  4. ncbi Variation in the eNOS gene modifies the association between total energy expenditure and glucose intolerance
    Paul W Franks
    National Institute of DiabetesDigestiveKidney Diseases, 1550 E Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Diabetes 54:2795-801. 2005
    ..Gene-environment interactions such as this may help explain why replication of genetic association frequently fails...
  5. ncbi Interaction between an 11betaHSD1 gene variant and birth era modifies the risk of hypertension in Pima Indians
    Paul W Franks
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Hypertension 44:681-8. 2004
    ..These data demonstrate association between genetic variability at 11betaHSD1 with hypertension, but these effects are modified by environmental factors...
  6. ncbi Habitual energy expenditure modifies the association between NOS3 gene polymorphisms and blood pressure
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
    Am J Hypertens 21:297-302. 2008
    ..Thus, energy expenditure may modify the association between the genetic variation at NOS3 and blood pressure...
  7. ncbi Physiological evidence for the involvement of peptide YY in the regulation of energy homeostasis in humans
    Yan Guo
    Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 14:1562-70. 2006
    ..To explore the potential role of the endogenous peptide YY (PYY) in the long-term regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis...
  8. ncbi Increase in physical activity energy expenditure is associated with reduced metabolic risk independent of change in fatness and fitness
    Ulf Ekelund
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourne Road, CB1 9NL, Cambridge, U K
    Diabetes Care 30:2101-6. 2007
    ..We sought to examine whether change in physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) is associated with change in metabolic risk factors and whether this association is independent of change in fat mass and aerobic fitness...
  9. ncbi Lack of association between PCK1 polymorphisms and obesity, physical activity, and fitness in European Youth Heart Study (EYHS)
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:1975-80. 2010
    ..Despite strong evidence from animal studies, our study in the EYHS cohort failed to identify an association of PCK1 polymorphisms with obesity, PA, and fitness...
  10. ncbi Absence of association between the INSIG2 gene polymorphism (rs7566605) and obesity in the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS)
    Karani S Vimaleswaran
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:1453-7. 2009
    ..There was also no evidence of interaction between genotype and physical activity (P = 0.95). Despite an adequately powered study, our findings suggest that rs7566605 is not associated with obesity-related traits and lipids in the EYHS...
  11. ncbi Childhood obesity, other cardiovascular risk factors, and premature death
    Paul W Franks
    Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
    N Engl J Med 362:485-93. 2010
    ..The effect of childhood risk factors for cardiovascular disease on adult mortality is poorly understood...
  12. ncbi Association analysis of Krüppel-like factor 11 variants with type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians
    Lijun Ma
    Diabetes Molecular Genetics Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:3644-9. 2008
    ....
  13. ncbi Association between physical activity and blood pressure is modified by variants in the G-protein coupled receptor 10
    Paul W Franks
    University of Cambridge, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK
    Hypertension 43:224-8. 2004
    ..Knowledge of GPR10 genotype may define those who are least likely to benefit from physical activity. These findings may have relevance in the targeted treatment of hypertensive disease...
  14. ncbi Hierarchy of individual calibration levels for heart rate and accelerometry to measure physical activity
    Søren Brage
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK
    J Appl Physiol 103:682-92. 2007
    ..In conclusion, a substantial proportion of the between-individual variance in relationships between PAI, accelerometry, and HR is captured with simple calibration procedures, feasible for use in epidemiological studies...
  15. ncbi Childhood predictors of young-onset type 2 diabetes
    Paul W Franks
    Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E Indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, USA
    Diabetes 56:2964-72. 2007
    ..Optimal prevention of young-onset type 2 diabetes requires identification of the early-life modifiable risk factors. We aimed to do this using longitudinal data in 1,604 5- to 19-year-old initially nondiabetic American Indians...
  16. ncbi Evaluation of A2BP1 as an obesity gene
    Lijun Ma
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
    Diabetes 59:2837-45. 2010
    ..On the basis of this association and the obese phenotype of ataxin-2 knockout mice, A2BP1 was genetically and functionally analyzed to assess its potential role in human obesity...
  17. ncbi TCF7L2 polymorphisms modulate proinsulin levels and beta-cell function in a British Europid population
    Ruth J F Loos
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
    Diabetes 56:1943-7. 2007
    ....
  18. ncbi Effect of combined movement and heart rate monitor placement on physical activity estimates during treadmill locomotion and free-living
    Søren Brage
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, CB1 9NL, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Eur J Appl Physiol 96:517-24. 2006
    ..Regardless of which position is used, this has little or no effect on movement counts and energy expenditure estimates, which is encouraging for studies where research participants may have to position the monitors themselves...
  19. ncbi Gestational glucose tolerance and risk of type 2 diabetes in young Pima Indian offspring
    Paul W Franks
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Arizona, USA
    Diabetes 55:460-5. 2006
    ..Thus, prevention of offspring type 2 diabetes may require strategies that focus on improving gestational glucose tolerance even within the normal range...
  20. ncbi Between-monitor differences in step counts are related to body size: implications for objective physical activity measurement
    Jeremy Pomeroy
    Diabetes Epidemiology and Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 6:e18942. 2011
    ..The quantification of the relationships between walking and health requires that walking is measured accurately. We correlated different measures of step accumulation to body size, overall physical activity level, and glucose regulation...
  21. ncbi Large-scale association analyses identify new loci influencing glycemic traits and provide insight into the underlying biological pathways
    Robert A Scott
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    Nat Genet 44:991-1005. 2012
    ..Functional analysis of these newly discovered loci will further improve our understanding of glycemic control...
  22. ncbi Gene-lifestyle interaction on risk of type 2 diabetes
    Paul W Franks
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Elsie Widdowson Laboratories, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK
    Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 17:104-24. 2007
    ....
  23. ncbi Reproducibility of ad libitum energy intake with the use of a computerized vending machine system
    Colleen A Venti
    National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 91:343-8. 2010
    ..Accurate assessment of energy intake is difficult but critical for the evaluation of eating behavior and intervention effects. Consequently, methods to assess ad libitum energy intake under controlled conditions have been developed...
  24. ncbi No interactions between previously associated 2-hour glucose gene variants and physical activity or BMI on 2-hour glucose levels
    Robert A Scott
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    Diabetes 61:1291-6. 2012
    ..It is perhaps unlikely that top loci from genome-wide association studies will exhibit strong subgroup-specific effects, and may not, therefore, make the best candidates for the study of interactions...
  25. ncbi The intra- and inter-instrument reliability of DXA based on ex vivo soft tissue measurements
    Yan Guo
    Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4212 North Sixteenth Street, Room 541 Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
    Obes Res 12:1925-9. 2004
    ..Comparison of ex-vivo soft tissue measurements using the GE/Lunar pencil (DPX-L; GE/Lunar Co., Madison, WI) and fan beam (Prodigy dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers (DXA) GE/Lunar Co.)...
  26. ncbi Gene-lifestyle interactions and their consequences on human health
    Jeremy Pomeroy
    Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Ariz, USA
    Med Sport Sci 54:110-35. 2009
    ....
  27. ncbi Metabolic syndrome in youth: current issues and challenges
    Terry T K Huang
    Endocrinology, Nutrition and Growth Branch, Center for Research for Mothers and Children, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Boulevard, 4B11, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
    Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 32:13-22. 2007
    ..Among children and adolescents, lifestyle modification should always serve as the frontline strategy. Prevention during childhood is key to the largest possible impact on adult health at the population level...
  28. ncbi The prospective association between total and type of fish intake and type 2 diabetes in 8 European countries: EPIC-InterAct Study
    Pinal S Patel
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
    Am J Clin Nutr 95:1445-53. 2012
    ..Epidemiologic evidence of an association between fish intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent and unresolved...
  29. ncbi Establishing the role of gene-environment interactions in the etiology of type 2 diabetes
    Nicholas J Wareham
    University of Cambridge, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2SR, UK
    Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 31:553-66. 2002
    ..Understanding how to detect these individuals and which environmental factors a program should attempt to manipulate is a major goal of studies that attempt to unravel gene-environment interaction...
  30. ncbi Physical activity energy expenditure predicts progression toward the metabolic syndrome independently of aerobic fitness in middle-aged healthy Caucasians: the Medical Research Council Ely Study
    Ulf Ekelund
    Epidemiology Unit, Medical Research Council, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, U K
    Diabetes Care 28:1195-200. 2005
    ....
  31. ncbi PGC-1alpha genotype modifies the association of volitional energy expenditure with [OV0312]O2max
    Paul W Franks
    Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 35:1998-2004. 2003
    ..Other murine studies demonstrate that exercise increases PGC-1alpha mRNA expression...
  32. ncbi Candidate gene association study in type 2 diabetes indicates a role for genes involved in beta-cell function as well as insulin action
    Ines Barroso
    Incyte, Palo Alto, California, USA
    PLoS Biol 1:E20. 2003
    ..The absence of large single-gene effects and the detection of multiple small effects accentuate the need for the study of larger populations in order to reliably identify the size of effect we now expect for complex diseases...
  33. ncbi Cardiovascular response of trained preadolescent boys to mental challenge
    Paul W Franks
    Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 35:1429-35. 2003
    ..To compare the cardiovascular reactivity response to mental challenge of aerobically trained and untrained preadolescent boys...
  34. ncbi Branched equation modeling of simultaneous accelerometry and heart rate monitoring improves estimate of directly measured physical activity energy expenditure
    Søren Brage
    Institute of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University, DK 5230 Odense, Denmark
    J Appl Physiol 96:343-51. 2004
    ..7%). In conclusion, combining HR and CSA by branched modeling improves estimates of PAEE. IC may be less crucial with this modeling technique...
  35. ncbi Does physical activity energy expenditure explain the between-individual variation in plasma leptin concentrations after adjusting for differences in body composition?
    Paul W Franks
    University of Cambridge, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:3258-63. 2003
    ..28, P = 0.005; women: beta = -0.23, P = 0.01; combined: beta = -0.26, P = 0.00008). These data suggest the existence in this population of an independent inverse association between PAEE and fasting plasma leptin level...
  36. ncbi Association of polymorphisms in GPR10, the gene encoding the prolactin-releasing peptide receptor with blood pressure, but not obesity, in a U.K. Caucasian population
    Sumit Bhattacharyya
    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U K
    Diabetes 52:1296-9. 2003
    ..The alteration in signaling properties of the receptor produced by P305L may provide a functional basis for this association...
  37. ncbi Non-esterified fatty acid levels and physical inactivity: the relative importance of low habitual energy expenditure and cardio-respiratory fitness
    Paul W Franks
    Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, CB2 2SR, UK
    Br J Nutr 88:307-13. 2002
    ..047 and -0.005 respectively). These results suggest that the area under the NEFA curve in the oral glucose tolerance test, a measure of insulin sensitivity, is strongly associated with the habitual level of physical activity...
  38. ncbi Oxygen uptakes adjusted for body composition in normal-weight and obese adolescents
    Ulf Ekelund
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Obes Res 12:513-20. 2004
    ....
  39. ncbi Associations between objectively assessed physical activity and indicators of body fatness in 9- to 10-y-old European children: a population-based study from 4 distinct regions in Europe (the European Youth Heart Study)
    Ulf Ekelund
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratories, Wort s Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 80:584-90. 2004
    ..The rising prevalence of obesity in children may be due to a reduction in physical activity (PA)...
  40. ncbi The Gly482Ser genotype at the PPARGC1A gene and elevated blood pressure: a meta-analysis involving 13,949 individuals
    Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University Hospital, Umea, Sweden
    J Appl Physiol 105:1352-8. 2008
    ..41; DBP, P = 0.51). Our findings suggest that the PPARGC1A Ser482 allele may be associated with higher blood pressure, but this is only apparent in younger adults...
  41. ncbi Type 2 diabetes-associated missense polymorphisms KCNJ11 E23K and ABCC8 A1369S influence progression to diabetes and response to interventions in the Diabetes Prevention Program
    Jose C Florez
    Diabetes Prevention Program Coordinating Center, Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, 6110 Executive Blvd, Suite 750, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
    Diabetes 56:531-6. 2007
    ..We further hypothesize that the diabetes-preventive effect of metformin may interact with the impact of these variants on insulin regulation...
  42. ncbi Lamin A/C polymorphisms, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome: case-control and quantitative trait studies
    Jose L Mesa
    Medical Research Center Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, U K
    Diabetes 56:884-9. 2007
    ..Thus, it appears unlikely that variation at LMNA substantially increases the risk of type 2 diabetes or related traits in U.K. Europids...
  43. ncbi Physical activity energy expenditure predicts changes in body composition in middle-aged healthy whites: effect modification by age
    Ulf Ekelund
    Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    Am J Clin Nutr 81:964-9. 2005
    ..It is unclear whether physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) predicts changes in body composition...
  44. ncbi PPARGC1A genotype (Gly482Ser) predicts exceptional endurance capacity in European men
    Alejandro Lucia
    European University of Madrid, Spain
    J Appl Physiol 99:344-8. 2005
    ..This finding has relevance from the perspective of physical performance, but it may also be informative for the targeted prevention of diseases associated with low fitness such as Type 2 diabetes...
  45. ncbi Features of the metabolic syndrome are associated with objectively measured physical activity and fitness in Danish children: the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS)
    Søren Brage
    Institute of Sport and Health Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense
    Diabetes Care 27:2141-8. 2004
    ..The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and objectively measured physical activity and whether fitness modified this relationship...
  46. ncbi Reexamination of validity and reliability of the CSA monitor in walking and running
    Søren Brage
    Institute of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Main Campus, Odense University, Odense, Denmark
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 35:1447-54. 2003
    ..To evaluate the reliability and validity of the CSA (model 7164) accelerometer (MTI) in a wide walking-running speed range in laboratory and field...
  47. ncbi Comparing the roles of physical activity and fitness in arterial stiffness: how important is exposure measurement error?
    Paul W Franks
    Hypertension 45:e1; author reply e1. 2005
  48. ncbi White-coat hypertension and risk of stroke: do the data really tell us what we need to know?
    Paul W Franks
    Hypertension 45:183-4. 2005
  49. ncbi Muscling in on the genetics of quantitative disease traits
    Paul W Franks
    J Appl Physiol 103:1111-2. 2007
  50. ncbi Extension of type 2 diabetes genome-wide association scan results in the diabetes prevention program
    Allan F Moore
    Center for Human Genetic Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Diabetes 57:2503-10. 2008
    ....
  51. ncbi Metabolic syndrome and early death: getting to the heart of the problem
    Paul W Franks
    Hypertension 49:10-2. 2007
  52. ncbi PGC-1alpha gene and physical activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Paul W Franks
    Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University Hospital, Umea, Sweden
    Exerc Sport Sci Rev 34:171-5. 2006
    ..Thus, PGC-1alpha sequence variation may interact with physical activity to modify diabetes risk via changes in oxidative energy metabolism...
  53. ncbi Commentary on viewpoint: Perspective on the future use of genomics in exercise prescription
    Ema C Brito
    J Appl Physiol 104:1248. 2008