J Volavka

..The objective was to determine the effects of aripiprazole on hostility...

..The Met-Met homozygotes (N = 7) were found to have significantly higher levels of hostility than the other patients (N = 53). The hypothesis was thus supported. The finding should be replicated in a larger sample...

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..Collectively, these results suggest that COMT and MAOA polymorphisms represent a basic neurobiological mechanism that contributes to the regulation of aggressive behavior...

..Clozapine appears to have superior antiaggresive effects in treatment-resistant patients; this superiority develops after the patient has been exposed to an adequate dose regimen...

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..g. randomization) used in typical designs of psychopharmacological clinical trials. Current research methods should be modified and new ones developed in order to progress in assessing the antiaggressive effects of treatments...

..Progress in the prevention and management of violent behavior depends on studies that address biological factors in their social context. This article updates a previous review...

..This study compared the specific antiaggressive effects of clozapine with those of olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol...

..This study replicates and extends these findings by using more direct measures of violent behavior...

..These findings support a common neurobiological substrate for self- and other-directed aggression, and suggest that catecholaminergic alterations may contribute to these behaviors in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients...

..The aim of this review is to address the subtyping of violent behaviour in schizophrenia, and to relate the subtypes to treatment...

..Lorazepam 4 mg/day was insufficient to produce an advantage when added to low-dose haloperidol...

..These results tend to support previous reports by New et al. (1996; 1998) of an association between the TPH L allele and impulsive aggression in males with personality disorder, but larger studies are needed...

..Further study of prolactin and clinical response to typical neuroleptics should focus on low neuroleptic doses...

..Patients with and without a history of persistent violent behavior were compared for comorbidity of psychopathy and schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder...

..Haloperidol blood levels may be clinically useful in identifying patients who are nonresponsive because of low drug levels and, hence, in enhancing optimal haloperidol dosing for acute mania with psychosis...

..807, P < 0.0001), while duration of illness (10-40 years) was unrelated to the magnitude of IQ score decline (r = -0.103, P = 0.575). These data suggest that pre-morbid IQ test scores are highly predictive of post-morbid scores...

..The use of typical neuroleptics may lead to side effects, such as akathisia, which may in turn precipitate additional agitation. This may be obviated with the introduction of IM preparations of atypical antipsychotics...

..However, a trial with olanzapine can be recommended in these patients before moving to augmentation strategies, given the lack of proven alternatives and the observation that 16.7% of patients reached the response criteria...

..The heterogeneity of aggressive behavior is a challenge for developing rational treatments. Emerging genetic findings hold a promise of future treatments of aggressive behavior developed on the basis of individual patients' genotypes...

..The objective was to determine the effects of sequential intramuscular/oral ziprasi-done on hostility...

..The ethical and responsible use of video surveillance of psychiatric inpatients has the potential to enhance our understanding and treatment of aggression...

..Larger left OFC gray matter volumes and larger OFC white matter volumes bilaterally were associated with greater levels of aggression. These findings are discussed in the context of potential iatrogenic effects...

..Antipsychotic medications may reduce hostile and aggressive behavior in schizophrenia. This study compared the effectiveness of antipsychotics in the treatment of aggression...

..In comparison with the 91 who did not complete the program, those who did were less cognitively impaired and less impulsive. We present a new, intensive treatment program and define the predictors of successful completion of the program...

..8 to 7%. Our results further suggest that this effect is only attributable to Caucasians when compared to African-Americans. Moreover, our findings point to the role of intracellular mechanisms in antipsychotic response...

..Violence is an uncommon but significant problem associated with schizophrenia...

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..We sought to evaluate the potential role of lamotrigine augmentation in schizophrenia patients resistant to atypical antipsychotic medication...

..In conclusion, although patients receiving combination treatment were more likely to complete the study, we were unable to detect a meaningful advantage for combination therapy as measured by rating scales...

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..The relationship between aggression and caudate volumes may be related to the iatrogenic effects of long-term treatment with typical antipsychotic agents or to a direct effect of schizophrenic processes on the caudate...

..3, a region that has been found to be associated with SCZ in numerous linkage studies. One functional polymorphism, G-308A, has been studied for association with SCZ yielding inconsistent findings...

..To study the association between prescribed antipsychotic drugs and outcome in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in the community...

..Weight changes do not seem to be associated with polymorphism of the SNAP-25 gene, however, replication in independent samples is warranted...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which psychosis, disordered impulse control, and psychopathy contribute to assaults among psychiatric inpatients...

..They hypothesized that the Val and Met alleles would be associated with deficits in imitation learning and reversal learning, respectively...

..Sample size requirements for various equivalence margins in noninferiority trials are provided. Scientific and ethical arguments should lead to a more frequent use of the active-control noninferiority trial design...

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..CONCLUSIONS: Inferior frontal white matter microstructure was associated with impulsivity and aggression in men with schizophrenia. These results implicate frontal lobe dysfunction in aggression and certain aspects of impulsivity...

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..These findings suggest that patients who are likely to have the maximal benefits of olanzapine or clozapine treatment for symptom alleviation are at the highest risk of a clinically significant increase in weight gain...

..We are exploring whether this expanded clinical efficacy can also be seen in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia...

..Our results suggest that the novel polymorphism may not play a major role in antipsychotic response...

..In this article, the authors discuss the advantages and side effects of these agents and present a guide to help physicians choose the optimal drug in the most favorable formulation for each patient...

..These findings in chronic, treatment resistant inpatients support the view that positive symptoms may lead to aggression...

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..The predictors of poor outcome may be used to develop a follow-up treatment program that focuses more resources on patients who are at the highest risk...