Lisa M Najavits

..This study examined gender differences among treatment-seeking cocaine-dependent outpatients (e.g., on demographics, psychopathology, and substance abuse)...

..g., workforce issues, access to care, and changing the culture of treatment systems). Policy implications are also offered...

..quot; Thus, there is a need for more training, policy clarifications, service integration, and adaptations for veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Limitations are described...

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..The authors hypothesized that patients receiving integrated group therapy would have fewer days of substance use and fewer weeks ill with bipolar disorder...

..Moreover, the distinction between attending meetings and actively participating in 12-step activities has not typically been examined...

..Effect sizes were generally in the moderate to high range. Some gains were sustained at follow-up. SS appears a promising treatment for this population, but needs further study and perhaps additional clinical modification...

..Trends indicating improvement on 11 other outcome variables were also found. Treatment attendance, satisfaction, and alliance were extremely high. The need for further evaluation using more rigorous methodology is discussed...

..The most common treatments were individual therapy, medication, and hospitalization. Some treatments were perceived as harmful by some participants. The discussion addresses how to help patients obtain needed treatments...

..Dissociation measures had mixed results. Discussion includes methodology considerations and future research areas...

..This study evaluated lifetime traumatic events and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a substance abuse sample...

..Future research would benefit from larger samples and enhanced scientific methodology...

..Those finding the work most difficult were more likely to be in a mental health setting and to have no personal history of trauma. Clinical implications are discussed...

..The discussion addresses methodology, the "chemical dissociation" hypothesis, and the need for a more nuanced understanding of how substances are experienced in relation to dissociative phenomena...

..for all design decisions? Is the investigator aware of what can and cannot be inferred from the data, based on the design? Does the study design address research questions that are important and genuinely of benefit to the field?..